West Virginia v. B. P. J.
West Virginia v. B. P. J., 98 F.4th 542 (2024) is a federal court case in the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit regarding the issue of transgender people in sports. The court held that the West Virginia law barring transgender girls and women from participating on girls' and women's sports teams is unconstitutional.[1]
Background and procedural history
[edit]In 2021, the U.S. State of West Virginia passed the "Save Women's Sports Act," which provides that only “biological females” can participate in women’s sports in all public interscholastic, intercollegiate, intramural, or club sports teams at the secondary or post-secondary level,"[2] barring transgender girls and women from participating on women's and girls' sports teams. Becky Pepper-Jackson, a 12-year-old transgender girl, challenged the law on Fourteenth Amendment Equal Protection Clause and Title IX sex discrimination grounds.[1]
U.S. District Judge Joseph R. Goodwin originally blocked the law[3] but, after full briefing, ultimately concluded the state's ban was lawful.[4] A divided panel of the Fourth Circuit put the law on hold pending further review.[5] West Virginia requested the Supreme Court of the United States to lift the hold,[6] and its request was denied on April 6, 2023, with Justices Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas dissenting from the denial.[7][8]
Court of Appeals decision
[edit]On April 17, 2024, the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit disagreed with the lower court and ruled that "Save Women's Sports Act" unconstitutional.[9] The court held the law preventing transgender girls from playing on girls' teams is not "substantially related to an important government interest."[9] The court also found "B.P.J. has shown that applying the Act to her would treat her worse than people to whom she is similarly situated, deprive her of any meaningful athletic opportunities, and do so on the basis of sex."[9]
The opinion writes that state officials are "forbidden from creating separate sports teams for boys and girls" because the "lack power to police the line drawn". However, it provides that Title IX does not "require schools to allow every transgender girl to play on girls teams".[10]
On July 11, 2024, West Virginia appealed the Fourth Circuit's decision to the U.S. Supreme Court.[11]
Ian Millhiser wrote in Vox that the case "could be the single most important transgender rights case in American history", because it would be the first case regarding Constitutional protections against anti-trans discrimination to go before the Supreme Court, if the Court were to take the case.[12]
See also
[edit]- LGBT rights in West Virginia
- Sex–gender distinction
- Transgender people in sports
- Transgender rights in the United States
References
[edit]- ^ a b Totenberg, Nina (April 6, 2023). "Supreme Court won't enforce West Virginia law banning trans athletes from girls' teams". NPR.
- ^ "West Virginia Code Section 18-2-25D". West Virginia Code. Retrieved 2024-11-17.
- ^ "B. P. J. v. West Virginia State Board of Education, 550 F. Supp. 3d 347 | Casetext Search + Citator". casetext.com. Retrieved 2024-11-03.
- ^ Chung, Andrew (April 6, 2023). "U.S. Supreme Court declines to allow West Virginia transgender athlete ban". Reuters.
- ^ Barnes, Robert (March 21, 2023). "Supreme Court asked to allow West Virginia's transgender athlete ban". Washington Post. Retrieved March 22, 2023.
- ^ Hayes, Peter (March 10, 2023). "West Virginia Asks High Court to Weigh in on Trans Athlete Case". Bloomberg Law. Retrieved March 22, 2023.
- ^ Liptak, Adam (April 6, 2023). "Supreme Court Rules for Transgender Girl in School Sports Dispute". The New York Times. Retrieved April 6, 2023.
- ^ "West Virginia v. B.P.J., 143 S. Ct. 889 | Casetext Search + Citator". casetext.com. Retrieved 2024-11-03.
- ^ a b c "B.P.J. v. West Virginia State Board of Education, No. 23-1078 (4th Cir. 2024)". Justia Law. Retrieved 2024-11-03.
- ^ "BPJ-CA4-Decision.pdf" (PDF).
- ^ "West Virginia v. B.P.J." SCOTUSblog. Retrieved 2024-11-03.
- ^ Millhiser, Ian (March 14, 2023). "A new Supreme Court case could be the most important transgender rights decision ever". Vox. Retrieved March 22, 2023.
