Waminoa

Waminoa
	Waminoa sp. (orange structure) on the Plerogyra sinuosa coral (whitish bubbles).
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Xenacoelomorpha
Order:	Acoela
Family:	Convolutidae
Genus:	Waminoa; Winsor, 1990
Species
	Waminoa brickneri; Waminoa litus

Waminoa is a genus of acoels which are epizoic on living corals, using the coral's mucus as a source of food.^[1] Unusually, these acoels harbor two genera of endosymbiotic dinoflagellates: Symbiodinium and Amphidinium;^[2]^[3] it is not typical for two different genera of dinoflagellates to coexist in a single host. Waminoa's host coral may also contain dinoflagellates of the genus Symbiodinium but not Amphidinium.^[4]

Only two species belonging to this genus have been discovered (W. litus and W. brickneri) and they inhabit coral reefs in the Red Sea,^[5] Australia,^[2] and Indonesia.^[6]

References

^ Naumann, Malik S.; Mayr, Christoph; Struck, Ulrich; Wild, Christian (2010-11-01). "Coral mucus stable isotope composition and labeling: experimental evidence for mucus uptake by epizoic acoelomorph worms". Marine Biology. 157 (11): 2521–2531. doi:10.1007/s00227-010-1516-3. ISSN 1432-1793.
^ ^a ^b Winsor, Leigh (1990). "Marine Turbellaria (Acoela) from North Queensland". Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 28: 785–800.
^ Tyler, Seth; Barneah, Orit; Benayahu, Yehuda; Tekle, Yonas I.; Hooge, Matthew D.; Ogunlana, Maxina V. (2005-06-14). "Waminoa brickneri n. sp. (Acoela: Acoelomorpha) associated with corals in the Red Sea". Zootaxa. 1008 (1): 1–11. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1008.1.1. ISSN 1175-5334.
^ Koike, Kazuhiko; Hikosaka, Akira; Yamashita, Hiroshi; Koike, Kanae; Hikosaka-Katayama, Tomoe (2012). "Mechanisms of Maternal Inheritance of Dinoflagellate Symbionts in the Acoelomorph Worm Waminoa litus". Zoological Science. 29 (9): 559–567. doi:10.2108/zsj.29.559. ISSN 0289-0003.
^ Barneah, O.; Brickner, I.; Hooge, M.; Weis, V. M.; LaJeunesse, T. C.; Benayahu, Y. (2007-05-01). "Three party symbiosis: acoelomorph worms, corals and unicellular algal symbionts in Eilat (Red Sea)". Marine Biology. 151 (4): 1215–1223. doi:10.1007/s00227-006-0563-2. ISSN 1432-1793.
^ Haapkylä, Jessica; Seymour, Adrian S.; Barneah, Orit; Brickner, Itzchak; Hennige, Sebastian; Suggett, David; Smith, David (2009-04-01). "Association of Waminoa sp. (Acoela) with corals in the Wakatobi Marine Park, South-East Sulawesi, Indonesia". Marine Biology. 156 (5): 1021–1027. doi:10.1007/s00227-009-1145-x. ISSN 1432-1793.

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[1] Naumann, Malik S.; Mayr, Christoph; Struck, Ulrich; Wild, Christian (2010-11-01). "Coral mucus stable isotope composition and labeling: experimental evidence for mucus uptake by epizoic acoelomorph worms". Marine Biology. 157 (11): 2521–2531. doi:10.1007/s00227-010-1516-3. ISSN 1432-1793.

[:0-2] Winsor, Leigh (1990). "Marine Turbellaria (Acoela) from North Queensland". Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 28: 785–800.

[3] Tyler, Seth; Barneah, Orit; Benayahu, Yehuda; Tekle, Yonas I.; Hooge, Matthew D.; Ogunlana, Maxina V. (2005-06-14). "Waminoa brickneri n. sp. (Acoela: Acoelomorpha) associated with corals in the Red Sea". Zootaxa. 1008 (1): 1–11. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1008.1.1. ISSN 1175-5334.

[4] Koike, Kazuhiko; Hikosaka, Akira; Yamashita, Hiroshi; Koike, Kanae; Hikosaka-Katayama, Tomoe (2012). "Mechanisms of Maternal Inheritance of Dinoflagellate Symbionts in the Acoelomorph Worm Waminoa litus". Zoological Science. 29 (9): 559–567. doi:10.2108/zsj.29.559. ISSN 0289-0003.

[5] Barneah, O.; Brickner, I.; Hooge, M.; Weis, V. M.; LaJeunesse, T. C.; Benayahu, Y. (2007-05-01). "Three party symbiosis: acoelomorph worms, corals and unicellular algal symbionts in Eilat (Red Sea)". Marine Biology. 151 (4): 1215–1223. doi:10.1007/s00227-006-0563-2. ISSN 1432-1793.

[6] Haapkylä, Jessica; Seymour, Adrian S.; Barneah, Orit; Brickner, Itzchak; Hennige, Sebastian; Suggett, David; Smith, David (2009-04-01). "Association of Waminoa sp. (Acoela) with corals in the Wakatobi Marine Park, South-East Sulawesi, Indonesia". Marine Biology. 156 (5): 1021–1027. doi:10.1007/s00227-009-1145-x. ISSN 1432-1793.

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