Vitamin D analogues
The natural, active form of vitamin D is calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol). This molecule and other naturally occurring forms of vitamin D, including its precursors and metabolites, have been modified to synthesize pharmaceuticals with potentially greater, or selective, therapeutic actions.[1][2][3][4]
Types
[edit]These include:
- Alfacalcidol
- Calcipotriol (calcipotriene)
- Doxercalciferol
- Falecalcitriol
- Paricalcitol
- Tacalcitol
Mechanisms
[edit]These modified vitamin D analogues have a side chain or other modifications. They aim to reduce the classical renal and intestinal effects of calcitriol on calcium and phosphate homeostasis, from its effects on other biologic processes.[5] They target cell proliferation and differentiation, especially in skin, or other effects in the parathyroid gland (secondary hyperparathyroidism) or bone cells.[5]
References
[edit]- ^ Ashcroft DM, Po AL, Williams HC, Griffiths CE (April 2000). "Systematic review of comparative efficacy and tolerability of calcipotriol in treating chronic plaque psoriasis". BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.). 320 (7240): 963–7. doi:10.1136/bmj.320.7240.963. PMC 27334. PMID 10753146.
- ^ Martin KJ, González EA (November 2001). "Vitamin D analogues for the management of secondary hyperparathyroidism". American Journal of Kidney Diseases. 38 (5 Suppl 5): S34–40. doi:10.1053/ajkd.2001.28109. PMID 11689385.
- ^ O'Neill JL, Feldman SR (May 2010). "Vitamine D analogue-based therapies for psoriasis". Drugs of Today. 46 (5): 351–60. doi:10.1358/dot.2010.46.5.1473264. PMID 20517536.
- ^ Birlea SA, Costin GE, Norris DA (April 2008). "Cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the action of vitamin D analogs targeting vitiligo depigmentation". Current Drug Targets. 9 (4): 345–59. doi:10.2174/138945008783954970. PMID 18393827.
- ^ a b Bikle DD (March 2014). "Vitamin D metabolism, mechanism of action, and clinical applications". Chemistry & Biology. 21 (3): 319–29. doi:10.1016/j.chembiol.2013.12.016. PMC 3968073. PMID 24529992.