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Victoria Vokes in 1875

Victoria Rosaline Sarah Vokes (25 August 1850 – 2 November 1894) was a British music hall, pantomime and burlesque actress and dancer of the 19th-century and a member of the Vokes Family of entertainers.[1] For more than ten years they were the central attraction at the annual pantomime at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane from 1868 to 1879 when their popularity began to wane.

Early life and career

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Victoria Vokes was born in Clapham[2] in London in 1850[3][4] and was a member of the well-known Vokes Family made up of three sisters, a brother and "foster brother" (actually actor Walter Fawdon (1844-1904) who changed his name to Fawdon Vokes and who outlived the rest of his "family") popular in the pantomime theatres of 1870s London and in the United States. Their father, Frederick Strafford Thwaites Vokes (1816-1890), was a theatrical costumier and wigmaker[4] who owned a shop at 19 Henrietta Street, Covent Garden. Their mother Sarah Jane Biddulph née Godden (1818-1897) was the daughter of Welsh-born strolling player Will Wood and his actress wife.

Victoria Vokes was the second of the three sisters and was trained for the stage from a young age, making her first appearance on the stage aged just 2. In the 1861 aged 11 Census her profession was listed as "Actress".[2]

The Vokes Family

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The Vokes Family in about 1875: (l-r) Fawdon Vokes, Rosina, Victoria, Jessie and Fred Vokes

First as the "Vokes Children" and later the "Vokes Family" they began to perform at music halls and at pantomimes, and by their agility and humour made the name well known to English and American theatre-goers.[5] They made their début on Christmas night in 1861 at Howard's Operetta House in Edinburgh[6] and made their London début at the Alhambra Theatre in 1862 when they were billed as "The Five Little Vokes".[6] They appeared at the Lyceum Theatre in London on 26 December 1868 in the pantomime Humpty Dumpty written by Edward Litt Laman Blanchard, and they traveled through a great part of the civilized world. Early in their career, at the Lyceum Theatre in London, they danced in W. S. Gilbert's pantomime Harlequin Cock Robin and Jenny Wren.[7] Their first appearance in pantomime at Drury Lane was in Humpty Dumpty in 1868 followed by Beauty and the Beast, or Harlequin and Old Mother Bunch in 1869.[8] They first appeared in the popular The Belles of the Kitchen on 27 February 1869 at the Standard Theatre in London. They made their Paris debut in August 1870 at the Théâtre du Châtelet where they were an immediate success, but with the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War it became unsafe to remain and they left the city with just a few hours notice.[9] Back in London she appeared with the rest of the Vokes Family in Tom Thumb the Great; or, Harlequin King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table in their début performance at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane in Christmas 1871.[10]

Theatrical career

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Jessie, Rosina and Victoria Vokes

With her brother and sisters and "foster brother", Fred and Fawdon and Jessie and Rosina, she began her career as "The Vokes Children," which was afterward changed to "The Vokes Family," at the Operetta House in Edinburgh. Their success was pronounced and continuous.[11][12]

Victoria Vokes as Selim in Bluebeard - The Illustrated London News 10 January 1880

The piece that most successfully carried an audience by storm was The Belles of the Kitchen, in which the Vokes Family made its debut in the United States at the Union Square Theatre in New York on 15 April 1872 and in which Victoria Vokes played Mary. The family then embarked on a six month tour of the United States before returning to Britain where in October 1872 they performed Fun in a Fog. They returned to New York in April 1873 at Niblo's Garden and remained in America for the next year and nine months before returning to England. Their next season in America was at the Fifth Avenue Theatre in New York where they remained for three months. The Vokes Family returned to the USA (without Rosina Vokes who had married in 1877) in April 1881 when they appeared at the Globe Theatre in Boston and returned to England in June 1882 but without Fred Vokes; the family returned to the USA in Autumn 1882. They made their last appearance in New York at the Mount Morris Theatre in Harlem in January 1883, returning to England (again without brother Fred) in June 1883.[6] Jessie Vokes's clever recitations and dancing were appreciated, but she was not so prominent in the cast as her siblings Victoria and Fred, who were especially happy in their rendering of the tower scene from Il trovatore, or as Rosina Vokes, who was regarded by the young men as the flower of the family.[11][12]

The Vokes Family in Little Red Riding Hood at Her Majesty's Theatre (Christmas 1883)

For about ten years (with the exception of 1873, when they were touring abroad) the Vokes Family were regulars in the annual Christmas pantomime at Drury Lane, including Humpty Dumpty (1868); Beauty and the Beast! or, Harlequin and Old Mother Bunch (1869); The Dragon of Wantley; or, Harlequin or Old Mother Shipton (1870); Tom Thumb; or, King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table (1871), and Children in the Wood (1872).[13] In 1871 she replaced Adelaide Neilson as Amy Robsart in Kenilworth at Drury Lane. Of her appearance as the child William in the pantomime The Children in the Wood in 1873 Lewis Carroll praised the dancing of the Vokes family and wrote of the then 23 year-old Victoria "I have never seen anything more graceful than Miss Victoria Vokes as the boy."[14] She was Aladdin in Aladdin or Harlequin and the Wonderful Lamp (1874), and appeared in Dick Whittington (1875); Ai Baba and the Forty Thieves (1876); Prince Natty the Neat in The White Cat (1877), and played the title role in Cinderella (1878). The critics were not kind concerning the contribution of the Vokes Family to Cinderella, making such comments as: "They were on stage far too long", "They are sublimely indifferent as to whether the story of Cinderella be a Sanskrit myth or a Greek fable", "If they want to retain their hold on the public, they should get someone to concoct for them new modes". Not being the draw they had once been, the Vokes Family discovered the pantomime was in debt and refused to drop their salaries which F. B. Chatterton the manager could not meet, and the production closed owing £36,000 in February 1879 putting all involved out of work.[15] The family returned to Drury Lane in 1879 in the pantomime Bluebeard in which Victoria Vokes played Selim. This was to be their last pantomime at Drury Lane as by now the public were wearying of the Vokes Family who had dominated the pantomime at Drury Lane for more than a decade but who had never updated their routines. The new manager Augustus Harris found the Vokes Family to be too demanding, while they considered him a tyrant.

For Christmas 1880 the family were at Covent Garden in Valentine and Orson; or, Harlequin and the Magic Shield written by F. C. Burnand.[16] In Little Red Riding Hood at Her Majesty's Theatre at Christmas 1883 Victoria Vokes was described as, "the very life and soul, the central figure of the pantomime, the moving spirit of all. Never have we seen her so full of fun and energy."[17] Also a serious actress, in 1890 she was in Arthur Macklin's My Lady Help at the Shaftesbury Theatre while in 1891 she played Mrs. O'Braggerty in Hubby, also at the Shaftesbury Theatre.[18]

The Vokes family through their mother's brother, actor William F. Wood (1799-1855), were first cousins of American actress Rose Wood Morrison, who was the maternal grandmother of Hollywood starlets Constance Bennett and Joan Bennett.

Death

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Family funerary monument, Brompton Cemetery, London

Victoria Vokes died on 2 November 1894 at Burleigh House on Loudoun Road in St John's Wood in London.[19] She never married[20][21] and is buried in the family plot in Brompton Cemetery in London.[22] Her death, the death of her brother Fred and her sister Jessie Vokes and the marriage of her sister Rosina Vokes in 1877 resulted in the break up of the family troupe.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Victoria Vokes", Dictionary of National Biography (DNB), Volumes 1-22, Supplement (Vol 22), p. 1348
  2. ^ a b 1861 England Census for Victoria Vokes: Surrey, Southwark St George the Martyr, Borough Road, District 18 - Ancestry.com (subscription required)
  3. ^ Victoria Rosaline Sarah Vokes in the England, Select Births and Christenings, 1538-1975 - Ancestry.com (subscription required)
  4. ^ a b 1851 England Census for Jessie Vokes: Surrey, Lambeth, Brixton - Ancestry.com (subscription required)
  5. ^  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Vokes". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 178.
  6. ^ a b c Thomas Allston Brown, A History of the New York stage from the First Performance in 1732 to 1901, Dodd, Mead and Company, New York (1903) - Google Books pg. 146
  7. ^ "The Vokes Family". Its-behind-you.com, accessed 31 December 2010
  8. ^ Robert Leach, An Illustrated History of British Theatre and Performance: Volume Two - From the industrial Revolution to the Digital Age, Routledge (2019) - Google Books
  9. ^ "The Late Miss Rosina Vokes". The Sketch. VIII (98): 304. 12 December 1894. Retrieved 26 August 2023 – via Google Books.
  10. ^ Career of Alice Hamilton - Footlight Notes website
  11. ^ a b "Jessie Vokes Dead. The First One to Die of the Famous Family of Comedians". The New York Times. 8 August 1884. p. 5. Retrieved 26 August 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  12. ^ a b Jessie Vokes (1851-1884) - Footlight Notes website
  13. ^ Poster for Beauty and the Beast! or, Harlequin and Old Mother Bunch (1869) - Victoria and Albert Museum Collection
  14. ^ Richard Foulkes, Lewis Carroll and the Victorian Stage: Theatricals in a Quiet Life, Routledge (2005) - Google Books
  15. ^ Pantomimes at Drury Lane - It's Behind You website
  16. ^ The Vokes Family - It's Behind You website
  17. ^ J. Davis (ed.), Victorian Pantomime: A Collection of Critical Essays, Palgrave Macmillan (2010) - Google Books pg. 32
  18. ^ J. P. Wearing, The London Stage 1890-1899: A Calendar of Productions, Performers, and Personnel, Rowman & Littlefield (2014)- Google Books pg. 70
  19. ^ "Death of Victoria Vokes". The Era. 8 December 1894. p. 11. Retrieved 26 August 2023 – via British Newspaper Archive. It is with regret we announce the death, at her residence, Burleigh House, Loudoun-road, on Sunday, of Miss Victoria Vokes
  20. ^ Davis, pg. 29
  21. ^ England & Wales, National Probate Calendar (Index of Wills and Administrations), 1858-1995 for Victoria Rosalie Sarah Vokes, 1898 - Ancestry.com (subscription required)
  22. ^ http://www.brompton.org/Residents.htm [dead link]
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