Vibrio cincinnatiensis
| Vibrio cincinnatiensis | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Pseudomonadota |
| Class: | Gammaproteobacteria |
| Order: | Vibrionales |
| Family: | Vibrionaceae |
| Genus: | Vibrio |
| Species: | V. cincinnatiensis
|
| Binomial name | |
| Vibrio cincinnatiensis Brayton et al. 1986
| |
Vibrio cincinnatiensis is a species of gram-negative bacteria. It was named after Cincinnati, Ohio, where it was first isolated and characterized.[1] It is rarely isolated from human specimens. In 2019, V. cincinnatiensis accounted for only 0.07% of all confirmed cases of vibriosis in the United States.[2]
Description
[edit]Vibrio cincinnatiensis is a halophilic, facultatively anaerobic gram-negative rod, 0.7 by 2.0 μm in diameter.[1] This organism is oxidase positive and motile by a single polar flagellum. V. cincinnatiensis produces yellow colonies on TCBS agar, indicating sucrose fermentation.[3]
Similar to other members of the Vibrionaceae family, V. cincinnatiensis is most commonly isolated from marine and aquatic environments. This bacterium was isolated from several bodies of water including Chesapeake Bay, Adriatic Sea, and Ohta River. In all these studies, V. cincinnatiensis represented only a small fraction of the total resident Vibrio populations.[4]
Clinical significance
[edit]Vibrio cincinnatiensis is listed as a pathogenic member of Vibrionaceae. However, due to the low number of reported cases and the broad diversity of disease presentation, this bacterium's status as a human enteric or wound pathogen is unclear.[5]
V. cincinnatiensis was first isolated from the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of a 70-year-old male at the University of Cincinnati Hospital in 1986.[1] The patient had no known contact with seafood or seawater. Therapy was begun with ampicillin followed by moxalactam. The patient's uneventful recovery represented the first successful treatment of Vibrio sp. meningitis in an adult. This bacterium was also isolated from the stool of a patient experiencing gastroenteritis.[6]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Brayton, P R; Bode, R B; Colwell, R R; MacDonell, M T; Hall, H L; Grimes, D J; West, P A; Bryant, T N (Jan 1986). "Vibrio cincinnatiensis sp. nov., a new human pathogen". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 23 (1): 104–108. doi:10.1128/jcm.23.1.104-108.1986. ISSN 0095-1137. PMC 268580. PMID 2422196.
- ^ "COVIS Annual Summary, 2019". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 6 February 2024.
- ^ Soga, Eiji; Sakaguchi, Kanae; Takizawa, Shino; Tanabe, Mizuki; Denda, Tomohiro; Koide, Shota; Hayashi, Wataru; Kasahara, Satoe; Nagano, Yukiko; Nagano, Noriyuki (2023-02-14). Bekal, Sadjia (ed.). "Emergence of Vibrio cincinnatiensis, a Rare Human Pathogen, in Urban Crows". Microbiology Spectrum. 11 (1): e0392522. doi:10.1128/spectrum.03925-22. ISSN 2165-0497. PMC 9927279. PMID 36475968.
- ^ Jäckel, Claudia; Hammerl, Jens Andre; Arslan, Huynh-Huong-Thao; Göllner, Cornelia; vom Ort, Nicole; Taureck, Karin; Strauch, Eckhard (2020-05-15). "Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Veterinary Vibrio cincinnatiensis Isolates". Microorganisms. 8 (5): 739. doi:10.3390/microorganisms8050739. ISSN 2076-2607. PMC 7285037. PMID 32429107.
- ^ "National Enteric Disease Surveillance: COVIS Annual Summary, 2014" (PDF). Centers for Disease Control.
- ^ Wuthe, Hanns-Herbert; Aleksić, Stojanka; Hein, Wolfgang (Nov 1993). "Contribution to Some Phenotypical Characteristics of Vibrio cincinnatiensis. Studies in One Strain of a Diarrhoeic Human Patient and in Two Isolates from Aborted Bovine Fetuses". Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie. 279 (4): 458–465. doi:10.1016/S0934-8840(11)80417-2. PMID 8305803.
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