Vanilla pompona

Vanilla pompona
Conservation status
	; Endangered (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Order:	Asparagales
Family:	Orchidaceae
Subfamily:	Vanilloideae
Genus:	Vanilla
Species:	V. pompona
Binomial name
	Vanilla pompona; Schiede
Synonyms
	Notylia pompona (Schiede) Conz.;

Vanilla pompona is a species of vanilla orchid. It is native to Mexico and northern South America,^[3] and is one of the sources for vanilla flavouring, due to its high vanillin content.

Vanilla pompona found in the Peruvian Amazon has been tested using HPLC analysis showing a concentration of vanillin content up to 9.88g/100g^[4] making it suitable for the food or cosmetic industry.

Description

Like all members of the genus Vanilla, V. pompona is a vine. It uses its fleshy roots to support itself as it grows. Its leaves and stems are generally thicker than in V. planifolia and V. phaeantha.^[5]

Pollination

V. pompona is one of the few Vanilla species for which there is definitive identification of the agents responsible for pollination; a study found that males of a medium-sized orchid bee, Eulaema cingulata, remove and transfer pollen of V. pompona in Peru, apparently while they are searching for nectar that the flowers do not possess.^[6] Other bee species visit the flowers, but larger species cannot fit inside to reach the floral reproductive organs, and smaller species do not make physical contact with the stigma; of several observed floral visitors, only E. cingulata was within the necessary size range to accomplish pollen transfer.^[6]

References

^ Herrera-Cabrera, B.E.; Hernández, M.; Vega, M.; Wegier, A. (2020). "Vanilla pompona". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T105878897A173977322. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T105878897A173977322.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
^ The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species, retrieved 26 January 2016
^ e-monocot.org, retrieved 26 January 2016
^ vanillapompona.com, retrieved 26 January 2016
^ James D. Ackerman, "Vanilla Miller, Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4. vol. 3. 1754", Flora of North America, vol. 26
^ ^a ^b Watteyn, C., Scaccabarozzi, D., Muys, B., Van Der Schueren, N., Van Meerbeek, K., Guizar Amador, M. F., Ackerman, J. D., Cedeño Fonseca, M. V., Chinchilla Alvarado, I. F., Reubens, B., Pillco Huarcaya, R., Cozzolino, S., & Karremans, A. P. (2022). Trick or treat? Pollinator attraction in Vanilla pompona (Orchidaceae). Biotropica 54: 268– 274. https://doi.org/10.1111/btp.13034

External links

Media related to Vanilla pompona (category) at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Vanilla pompona at Wikispecies

This Vanilloideae-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[iucn_status_18_November_2021-1] Herrera-Cabrera, B.E.; Hernández, M.; Vega, M.; Wegier, A. (2020). "Vanilla pompona". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T105878897A173977322. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T105878897A173977322.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.

[2] The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species, retrieved 26 January 2016

[3] e-monocot.org, retrieved 26 January 2016

[4] vanillapompona.com, retrieved 26 January 2016

[5] James D. Ackerman, "Vanilla Miller, Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4. vol. 3. 1754", Flora of North America, vol. 26

[Trick-6] Watteyn, C., Scaccabarozzi, D., Muys, B., Van Der Schueren, N., Van Meerbeek, K., Guizar Amador, M. F., Ackerman, J. D., Cedeño Fonseca, M. V., Chinchilla Alvarado, I. F., Reubens, B., Pillco Huarcaya, R., Cozzolino, S., & Karremans, A. P. (2022). Trick or treat? Pollinator attraction in Vanilla pompona (Orchidaceae). Biotropica 54: 268– 274. https://doi.org/10.1111/btp.13034

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