Vítkovice (Ostrava)

Vítkovice
Administrative District of Ostrava
Blast furnaces of Vítkovice Iron and Steel Works
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Vítkovice in Ostrava
Coordinates: 49°48′56″N 18°16′0″E
Country	Czech Republic
Region	Moravia-Silesia
District	Ostrava-City
Municipality	Ostrava
Government
• Mayor	Petr Dlabal (ČSSD)
Area
• Total	6.48 km2 (2.50 sq mi)
Population  (2021)
• Total	7,653
• Density	1,200/km2 (3,100/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	703 00
Website	http://www.vitkovice.ostrava.cz/

Vítkovice (German: Witkowitz, Polish: Witkowice) is an administrative district of the city of Ostrava, capital of the Moravian-Silesian Region in the Czech Republic. Situated on the left bank of the Ostravice River in the Moravian part of the city, Vítkovice was a town in its own right until its incorporation in 1924.

History

The settlement of Witchendorff in the March of Moravia was first mentioned in a 1357 deed by the Lords of Paskov, probably named after the nobleman Witek von Wigstein, who was enfeoffed by the Bishops of Olomouc with nearby Šostýn (Schauenstein) Castle in 1369. In 1435 it was given in pawn with the Lordship of Hukvaldy by Emperor Sigismund to the former Hussite leader Nikolaus Sokol of Lamberg.

Vítkovice steel mill, mid 19th century

Vítkovice, initially agricultural village, witnessed heavy industrialization after 1828, when the Olomouc archbishop Archduke Rudolf of Austria at the instigation of geologist Franz Xaver Riepl had an iron and steel mill (Rudolfshütte) built, the first in the Austrian Empire to use the puddling technique. Since then the village became an important industrial center of the region.

The iron works were continuously enlarged and finally purchased by the Viennese banker Salomon Mayer von Rothschild in 1843. He also financed the extension of the Emperor Ferdinand Northern Railway from Vienna to Ostrava with a branch-off to his steel mill, which was completed in 1855. His Rothschild heirs in 1873 founded the Witkowitzer Bergbau- und Hüttengewerkschaft, the largest iron and steel works in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy. During the German occupation of Czechoslovakia their possessions were "aryanized" and taken over by the Reichswerke Hermann Göring conglomerate. At the ironworks, the Germans operated a forced labour "education" camp, and a subcamp of a forced labour "education" camp from Moravská Ostrava. After the war they were socialised as the Vítkovické železárny Klement Gottwald n.p. (VŽKG) by the Czechoslovak state.

Vítkovice from 1850 was an independent municipality. In 1908 it was granted town rights by Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria, in 1924 it became a part of Greater Ostrava.

Demographics

Historical population

Year Pop. ±% 1869 1,677 —     1880 2,591 +54.5% 1890 10,294 +297.3% 1900 19,123 +85.8% 1910 23,151 +21.1%	Year Pop. ±% 1921 27,358 +18.2% 1930 25,820 −5.6% 1950 20,774 −19.5% 1961 16,907 −18.6% 1970 10,116 −40.2%	Year Pop. ±% 1980 9,555 −5.5% 1991 7,292 −23.7% 2001 7,518 +3.1% 2011 6,916 −8.0% 2021 7,653 +10.7%
Source: Censuses

Sights

Rothschild Palace

The most important landmarks of Vítkovice are:

• Neo-Gothic Saint Paul Church, built in 1880-1886.
• Rothschild Palace, built in 1846/47, was an Empire-style building and the palace was the original seat of the owners of the steel works.
• Vítkovice Town Hall, built in 1901/02, has been part of the Vítkovice Iron and Steel Works since 2002 and is designated a National Cultural Landmark.
• The FC Vítkovice football club is based in this part of the city. The ice hockey club HC Vítkovice is located nearby but is based in the neighbouring district of Ostrava-Jih, despite its name.

Notable people

• Ilse Weber (1903-1944), writer, murdered in Auschwitz.
• Leopold Ludwig (1908-1979), conductor
• Beno Blachut (1913-1985), operatic tenor
• Bedřich Geminder, Czechoslovak communist executed during the Slánský show trial
• Nikola Ristanovski, Macedonian actor

References

• Hosák, Ladislav; Rudolf Šrámek (1980). Místní jména na Moravě a ve Slezsku II, M-Ž. Praha: Academia.

External links

• (in English) Vítkovice Holding Group