User talk:Yajing Yang

What is OpenEHR?

OpenEHR is a virtual community working on interoperability and computability in e-health. It mainly focus on electronic patient records (EHRs) and systems . In other words, we could think openEHR as the open source health equivalent of the iPod/iPhone platform – a technical framework which will allow any compatible application, organization or provider to share ‘plug and play’ access to standardized data. This is openEHR’s innovation – the focus on ensuring that the underlying health data is correct, robust and trustworthy .

OpenEHR Archetypes

The Concise Oxford Dictionary defines an archetpye as "an original model, prototype or typical specimen".In openEHR, an archetype is the model for the capture of clinical information, allowing clinician and domain expert to design and collaborate of standardized clinical content specifications for electronic health records.Archetypes are a keystone of the openEHR architecture. Each archetype describes a complete clinical knowledge concept, such as 'diagnosis' or 'rest result'.The openEHR enables an openEHR-enabled software application to exchange clinical data in order to be understood and viewed in another unrelated clinical application. With OpenEHR, clinicians are not only use of openEHR-enabled software and systems passively, but actively determine the possible breadth, depth and richness of patient data kept in EHR systems and directly affect the quality of patient care by creating, revising and updating archetypes.

There are four main classes of archetypes, each defined as part of the openEHR Reference Model, and each of the classes are used for different parts of the clinical recording and workflow processes.

• Composition Class: all information stored within EHR will be contained within this class.
• Section Class: mainly used to provide a framework to the Entry and Cluster class archetypes, for example, physical examination, social history ect.
• Entry Class: commonly used to group information together meaningfully and re-used in many different settings, for instance, blood pressure, weight, pulse etc.
• Cluster Class: used to represent fundamental domain patterns that are required in many archetypes and clinical scenarios - for example size, symptom, inspection and so forth.

The CEN/ISO EN13606 standard

The CEN/ISO EN13606 is an approved international ISO standard, which is designed to achieve semantic interoperability for EHR communication.. The overall objective of CEN/ISO 13606 standard is to define a rigorous and stable information architecture for communicating EHR of a single subject of patient care between EHR systems, or between EHR systems and a centralized EHR data repository . The CEN/ISO EN13606 standard defined a model driven software development methodology for health information systems . Since health information distributed to different independent systems that may not be compatible, the solution is to transform openEHR archetypes into ISO/EN 13606 and vice versa by combining Semantic Web and Model-driven Engineering technologies . As one of the most promising modeling efforts in the EHR system, Detailed Clinical Model (DCM) is proposed to transform its concepts into ISO/EN 13606/openEHR archetypes or HL7 models as well . Therefore, clinical information distributed among several independent systems could be accessed by professional clinicians.

OpenEHR Foundation

Definition

The openEHR Foundation is currently a voluntary organization with no paid employees and is established as a not-for-profit company and community at UCL in London,facilitating the creation and sharing of health records by consumers and clinicians via open-source, standards-based implementations .It is regulated under the UK Companies Acts 1985 and 1989. The name 'openEHR' has been registered internationally as a Trade Mark.

Vision

The vision of openEHR is the healthcare in worldwide routinely obtain benefit from ICT, especially for the life-long interoperable EHR and computing on EHR to improve the quality of health care and research.

Mission

The openEHR Foundation is organised under the four Programs:

• Specification Program:develop open specifications validated by implementation;
• Clinical Models Program:develop clinical models (archetypes and templates), terminology interfaces;
• Software Program:develop open-source software and tools;
• Localisation Program:working with national standards organisations;

All of the above openEHR Programs will support health informatics education.

OpenEHR in Australia

Collaboration with HL7 Australia

HL7 Australia is the local Affiliate member of HL7.org and comprises the most prominent group of HL7 experts in Australia. The HL7 messaging standards have been endorsed by the National Health Information Group (NHIG) as the standard messaging protocol for Australia. As both HL7 Australia and the openEHR Foundation recognise the importance of developing HER systems in Australia, both parties agree to provide crucial input and facilities in this area. HL7 Australia and the openEHR Foundation agree to work together to achieve the following goals in Australia:

• Create specifications and tools that support the safe and appropriate communication and share personal EHRs with maximum interoperability.
• Maximum alignment of concept representation through use of openEHR archetypes and consistent use of terminology.
• Provide the following service model including:terminology services,archetype services,EHR services, demographic services,and other services as agreed.

Who is using OpenEHR in Australia?

Currently, there are only health providers and governments could use openEHR to manage the EHRs and various projects in Australia. However, openEHR could not be utilized for founded research projects, non-profit and open source organisation and academic research in this country.

1. Healthcare Providers and Authorities

• Queensland Health: The responsible for Australian state health authority is providing public health 4.5m consumers; Centre for Healthcare Related Infection Surveillance and Prevention (CHRISP).
• Northern Territory Health:The responsibility is providing public health 233,000 consumers.
• St Andrews Hospital Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
• St Vincents Holy Spirit Hospital, Brisbane, Australia

2.Government

• NeHTA (National e-Health Transition Authority): Use transformation from openEHR models to Clinical Document Architecture(CDA) schemas based on openEHR methodology.
• Queensland Health:An openEHR-based repository has been running at Qld Health for about 3 years, managing discharge summaries.
• Victoria Health:various projects including the state cancer registry are using or will use openEHR.

Comments from Enzo

This page is well constructed which mentioned different aspects of Open EHR. The subheading of this article make it more readable. Adequate external link to demonstrate Open EHR. Personal suggestion is to add a "see also" section to show some internal links which can link to EHR, PCEHR and NeTHA. Author can also focus on the comparison between Open EHR and PCEHR in the future because they have some similarity in terms of the data’s accessibility. — Preceding unsigned comment added by X22yang (talk • contribs) 01:06, 18 May 2013 (UTC)

Comments from Tong Li

This page is constructed properly. Synthesized components within OpenEHR could mostly keep readers on track to progressively understand the OpenEHR from the definition to current local application of Australian OpenEHR. Some complementary links to external pages provide readers more details and options to further approach the understanding of OpenEHR. Personal suggestions involve corrections of some specific terms, addition of external links and certain contents. Firstly, the introduction of EHR could be suggested as the abbreviation of ‘electronic health records’ instead of the ‘electronic patient records’ in this page. Also, the section of ‘Formalisms’ could be renamed as another more appropriate subtitle, like mechanism (suggested only). Secondly, since a vague or missing definition could lead to unnecessary confusions, more introductions or external links should be provided for ISO/EN 13606 and HL7, which are major components in this page. Furthermore, additional contents involving the status and current applications of OpenEHR could be provided as the complement of the Australian HL7.

Toni Lee (Tong Li) (talk) 21:02, 19 May 2013 (UTC)