User talk:Stidyiq1

Israel-UAE deal: Key takeaways

Issue

Israel and the United Arab Emirates, helped by the US, have arrived at an important peace agreement that has the potential to change the geopolitics of West Asia and beyond.

Background

The agreement has been cast as the coming together of two nations with strong economies for the good of the region.

Get the more UPSC govt exams current affairs pdfs, courses, and free online coaching classes. Visit the site-- UPSC Free Online Coaching Classes

Details

The deal: the UAE will establish diplomatic relations with Israel in return for President Binyamin Netanyahu committing to give up a stated plan to annex the West Bank, the main territory of a state that the Palestinians want. The UAE becomes the third Arab nation to recognize Israel after Egypt (in 1979) and Jordan (1994).

Delegations from the two countries will meet to set in motion bilateral ties in investment, tourism, direct flights, security, telecommunications, tech, energy, healthcare, culture, the environment, etc.

President Mahmoud Abbas of the Palestinian Authority, which seeks a two-state solution, lashed out against the deal as a “betrayal” by the UAE. The Hamas, a Palestinian Islamist militant group that de facto runs the Gaza strip, and views the relationship with Israel as a fight to the finish, called it a “stabbing in the back of our people” by the UAE.

For the Palestinians, the Israeli commitment that it will not pursue its plan to annex the West Bank, is an empty concession – the deal does not address the Palestinian demand for statehood.

There is bound to be speculation that the UAE could not have taken its extraordinary decision on Israel without the backing and support of the House of Saud.

If the Arab states do fall in line, it would dramatically bring all Sunni nations in the region in an anti-Iran alliance with Israel that they have secretly wished for all these years. The deal will send ripples through other parts of the world. In South Asia, it will put Pakistan in a bind.

Despite having toyed with the idea of establishing diplomatic ties with Israel for nearly two decades, Pakistan could never take the plunge for fear of a domestic backlash.

Even if the UAE-Israel agreement does not bring Israel-Palestine peace, the new equations that it will give rise to, including the isolation of Iran, are already being heralded in the US as an achievement for Trump administration.

History of Indian flag

Issue

On July 22, 1947, when members of the Constituent Assembly of India met in the Constitution Hall in Delhi, the first item on the agenda was about adopting a national flag for free India.

Background

While the finer nuances were subsequently discussed in the meeting, the final design of the Indian National Flag, hoisted by Prime Minister Nehru on August 16, 1947 at Red Fort, had a history of several decades preceding independence.

Get the more latest SSC / CGL govt exams current affairs PDFs, courses, and free online coaching classes. To know more visit the site-- SSC Free Online Coaching Classes

Details

It was proposed that “the National Flag of India shall be horizontal tricolour of deep saffron (kesari), white and dark green in equal proportion.” The white band was to have a wheel in navy blue (the charkha being replaced by the chakra), which appears on the abacus of the Sarnath Lion Capital of Ashoka.

While an Indian flag was reportedly designed by Sister Nivedita, arguably the first national flag of India is said to have been hoisted on August 7, 1906, in Kolkata at the Parsee Bagan Square (Green Park).

It comprised three horizontal strips of red, yellow and green, with Vande Mataram written in the middle. Believed to have been designed by freedom activists Sachindra Prasad Bose and Hemchandra Kanungo, the red strip on the flag had symbols of the sun and a crescent moon, and the green strip had eight half-open lotuses.

Next year, in 1907, Madame Cama and her group of exiled revolutionaries hoisted an Indian flag in Germany in 1907, this was the first Indian flag to be hoisted in a foreign land. In 1917, Dr Annie Besant and Lokmanya Tilak adopted a new flag as part of the Home Rule Movement.

It had five alternate red and four green horizontal stripes, and seven stars in the saptarishi configuration. A white crescent and star occupied one top corner, and the other had Union Jack.

The design of the Indian tricolour is largely attributed to Pingali Venkayya, an Indian freedom fighter who reportedly first met Mahatma Gandhi in South Africa during the second Anglo-Boer War (1899-1902), when he was posted there as part of the British Indian Army.

Years of research went into designing the national flag. In 1916, he even published a book with possible designs of Indian flags. At the All India Congress Committee in Bezwada in 1921, Venkayya again met Gandhi and proposed a basic design of the flag, consisting of two red and green bands to symbolise the two major communities, Hindus and Muslims.

Gandhi suggested adding a white band to represent peace and the rest of the communities living in India, and a spinning wheel to symbolise the progress of the country. Several changes continued to be made till a decade later, when in 1931 the Congress Committee met in Karachi and adopted the tricolour as our national flag.

Red was replaced with saffron and the order of the colours was changed. The flag was to have no religious interpretation. The Tricolour was altered to become the flag of Independent India. Saffron on top symbolises “strength and courage”, white in the middle represents “peace and truth” and green at the bottom stands for “fertility, growth and auspiciousness of the land”.

The Ashok Chakra with 24 spokes replaced the spinning wheel as the emblem on the flag. It is intended “to show that there is life in movement and death in stagnation”.

Agriculture Infrastructure Fund

Issue

PM Modi has propelled the Rs 1 lakh crore Agriculture Infrastructure Fund (AIF) to be utilized throughout the following four years.

Background

This reserve will be utilized to construct post-reap capacity and handling offices, to a great extent moored at the Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs), however can likewise be profited by singular business visionaries.

Get the more Bank govt exams PDFs, courses, free online coaching classes and many more options. To know more visit the site-- Bank Free Online Coaching Classes

Details

The reserve will likewise be utilized to give advances, at concessional rates, to FPOs and different business people through essential farming credit social orders (PACs). NABARD will control this activity in relationship with the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare.

Except if NABARD guarantees that FPOs get their working capital at financing costs of 4 to 7 percent, similar to ranchers get for crop credits, the unimportant formation of storerooms won't be sufficient to profit ranchers.

Right now, most FPOs get an enormous piece of their credits for working capital from microfinance establishments at rates extending from 18-22 percent for every annum.

At such rates, loading isn't monetarily practical except if the slow time of year costs are considerably higher than the costs at gather time.

NABARD structures 10,000 FPOs and makes fundamental storerooms through the AIF. It should devise a necessary module that trains FPOs to utilize the debatable stockroom receipt framework and explore the domain of agri-prospects to fence their market dangers.

Government organizations fiddling with product markets should expand their cooperation in agri-prospects. The banks that offer credits to FPOs and dealers ought to likewise take part in item fates as "re-back up plans" of sorts for the solid development of agri-markets.

At long last, government strategy must be more steady and market-accommodating.

India needs to not just spatially incorporate its agri-markets (one country, one market) yet in addition coordinate them transiently — spot and prospects markets need to unite. At exactly that point will Indian ranchers understand the best cost for their produce and support advertise dangers.

Triggering of landslides

Issue

The cost in the avalanche in Kerala's Idukki locale rose to 58 even as 12 others stayed covered under flotsam and jetsam more than about fourteen days after the episode at a settlement of tea home specialists.

Background

An avalanche likewise called a landslip, is a moderate or quick development of a huge mass of earth and shakes down a slope or a mountainside.

Get the more UPSC EPFO govt exams PDFs, courses, free online coaching classes, and many more options. To know more visit the site-- EPFO Free Online Coaching Classes

Details

The area where the avalanche was set off, as indicated by the Kerala Geology Department, has a 40° slant, and any incline above 20° is helpless against slipping during substantial downpour.

The dirt has a high substance of sand, which retains more water, takes a free structure, and is in danger of descending.

Mass development

Mass squandering, otherwise called incline development or mass development, is the geomorphic procedure by which soil, sand, regolith, and rock move downslope regularly as a strong, nonstop or irregular mass, to a great extent under the power of gravity, much of the time with qualities of a stream as in flotsam and jetsam streams and mudflows.

Kinds of mass squandering incorporate jerk, slides, streams, brings down, and falls, each with its own trademark highlights, and occurring over timescales from seconds to many years. Mass squandering happens on both earthly and submarine inclines.

At the point when the gravitational power following up on an incline surpasses its opposing power, slant disappointment (mass squandering) happens.

The slant material's quality and attachment and the measure of interior erosion inside the material assistance keep up the incline's solidness and are referred to all in all as the slant's shear quality.

Mass squandering may happen at a moderate rate, especially in zones that are dry or those territories that get adequate precipitation with the end goal that vegetation has balanced out the surface. It might likewise happen at rapid, for example, in rockslides or avalanches.

Purpose behind avalanches

Quakes Increased overburden from structures Increased soil dampness.

Decrease of roots holding the dirt to bedrock Undercutting of the slant by removal or disintegration.

Enduring by ice hurl or synthetic disintegration.