User talk:P. S. Burton/Tunisia

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Beys of Tunis (17051859-1956)

Husainid Dynasty

Picture	Name	Born-Died	Reign start	Reign end
	Muhammad III as-Sadiq	1813 - 1882	22 September 1859	27 October 1882
	Ali Muddat ibn al-Husayn	1817 – 1902	28 October 1882	11 June 1902
	Muhammad IV al-Hadi	1855 - 1906	11 June 1902	11 May 1906
	Muhammad V an-Nasir	1855 – 1922	11 May 1906	10 July 1922
	Muhammad VI al-Habib	1858 - 1929	10 July 1922	11 February 1929
	Ahmad II ibn Ali	1862 - 1942	11 February 1929	19 June 1942
	Muhammad VII al-Munsif	1881 - 1948	19 June 1942	15 May 1943
	Muhammad VIII al-Amin	1881 - 1962	15 May 1943	20 March 1956

Third French Republic (1870-1940)

President of the Government of National Defense

• Louis Jules Trochu (4 September 1870 - 13 February 1871)

Presidents of the National Constituent Assembly

• Denis Emmanuel, comte Benoist d'Azy (acting) (13 February 1871 - 16 February 1871)
• Jules Grévy (16 February 1871 - 17 February 1871)

Chief of the Executive Power

• Adolphe Thiers (17 February 1871-30 August 1871) (became President on 31 August)

Presidents

#	Picture	Name	Term start	Term end	Political Party
2		Adolphe Thiers	31 August 1871	24 May 1873	Opportunist Republican
			Initially a moderate monarchist, named President following the adoption of the Rivet law. He became a Republican during his term, and resigned in the face of hostility from the Assemblée nationale, largely in favour of a return to monarchy.
3		Patrice de Mac-Mahon	24 May 1873	30 January 1879	Legitimist
			A Marshal of France, he was the only monarchist President of the Third Republic. He resigned shortly after the Republican victory in the 1877 legislative elections, following his decision to dissolve the Chamber of Deputies.
4		Jules Grévy	30 January 1879	2 December 1887	Opportunist Republican
			The first President to complete a full term, he was eaily re-elected in December 1885. He was nonetheless forced to resign, following an honours scandal in which his son-in-law was implicated.
5		Marie François Sadi Carnot	3 December 1887	25 June 1894	Opportunist Republican
			His term was marked by boulangist unrest and the Panama scandals, and by diplomacy with Russia. Assassinated (stabbed) by Sante Geronimo Caserio a few months before the end of his mandate, he is interred at the Panthéon, Paris.
6		Jean Casimir-Perier	27 June 1894	16 January 1895	Opportunist Republican
			Perier's was the shortest Presidential term: he resigned after six months and 20 days.
7		Félix Faure	17 January 1895	16 February 1899	Opportunist Republican
			Pursued colonial expansion and ties with Russia. President during the Dreyfus Affair. Four years into his term he died of apoplexy at the Élysée Palace, allegedly in flagrante.
8		Émile Loubet	18 February 1899	18 February 1906	Opportunist Republican
			During his seven-year term, the 1905 French law on the Separation of the Churches and the State was adopted, and only four Presidents of the Council succeeded to the Hôtel Matignon. He did not seek re-election at the end of his term.
9		Armand Fallières	18 February 1906	18 February 1913	ARD-PRD
			President during the Agadir Crisis, when French troops first occupied Morocco. He was a party to the Triple Entente, which he strengthened by diplomacy. Like his predecessor, he did not seek re-election.
10		Raymond Poincaré	18 February 1913	18 February 1920	PRD-ARD
			President during World War I. He subsequently served as President of the Council 1922–1924 and 1926–1929.
11		Paul Deschanel	18 February 1920	21 September 1920	ARD-PRDS
			An intellectual elected to the Académie française, he overcame the popular Georges Clemenceau, to general surprise, in the January 1920 election. He resigned after eight months due to mental health problems.
12		Alexandre Millerand	23 September 1920	11 June 1924	Independent
			An "Independent Socialist" increasingly drawn to the right wing, he resigned after four years following the victory of the Cartel des Gauches in the 1924 legislative elections.
13		Gaston Doumergue	13 June 1924	13 June 1931	Radical
			The first Protestant President, he took a firm political stance against Germany and its resurgent nationalism. His seven-year term was marked by ministerial discontinuity.
14		Paul Doumer	13 June 1931	7 May 1932	Radical
			Elected in the second round of the 1931 election, having displaced the pacifist Aristide Briand. Assassinated (shot) by the mentally unstable Paul Gorguloff.
15		Albert Lebrun	10 May 1932	11 July 1940	AD
			Re-elected in 1939, his second term was interrupted de facto by the rise to power of Marshal Philippe Pétain.

Acting Presidents

Under the Third Republic, the President of the Council served as Acting President whenever the office of President was vacant.

• Jules Armand Dufaure (30 January 1879)
• Maurice Rouvier (2 December - 3 December 1887)
• Charles Dupuy (25 June - 27 June 1894, 16 January - 17 January 1895 and 16 February - 18 February 1899)
• Alexandre Millerand (21 September - 23 September 1920)
• Frédéric François-Marsal (11 June - 13 June 1924)
• André Tardieu (7 May - 10 May 1932)

Fourth French Republic (1947-1958)

Presidents

#	Picture	Name	Term start	Term end	Political Party
16		Vincent Auriol	16 January 1947	16 January 1954	French Section of the Workers' International
			First President of the Fourth Republic, his term was marked by the First Indochina War.
17		René Coty	16 January 1954	8 January 1959	National Centre of Independents and Peasants
			Presidency marked by the Algerian War; appealed to Charles de Gaulle to resolve the May 1958 crisis. Following the promulgation of the Fifth Republic, he resigned after five years as President, giving way to de Gaulle.

See also

• History of French-era Tunisia
• Beylik of Tunis
• French occupation of Tunisia