User talk:Nitpyck

£ Highways in Chester county: The original road from Philadelphia to Lancaster follows current rte 340 from Coatesville-Downingtown and was know by the older residents of that area as the King's Highway. Part of this road (Downingtown to White Horse) was also used by Peter Bezaillion in his road from the Delaware to the Conestoga Valley. Rte 30, Main Line, Lancaster Ave, Lincoln Hwy

By U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey

http://www.flashlightworthybooks.com The Multiregional Hypothesis has its origin in the work of Franz Weidenreich in the 1930s. At that time, Weidenreich originated the "Weidenreich Theory of Human Evolution" based on his examination of Peking Man. Weidenreich was an anatomist and observed numerous anatomical characteristics that Peking Man had in common with modern Asians. http://www.pnas.org/content/96/13/7117.full Hominids and hybrids: The place of Neanderthals in human evolution 1. Ian Tattersall*,† and 2. Jeffrey H. Schwartz‡ In summary, the analysis by Duarte et al. of the Lagar Velho child’s skeleton is a brave and imaginative interpretation, of which it is unlikely that a majority of paleoanthropologists will consider proven. The archaeological context of Lagar Velho is that of a typical Gravettian burial, with no sign of Mousterian cultural influence, and the specimen itself lacks not only derived Neanderthal characters but any suggestion of Neanderthal morphology. The probability must thus remain that this is simply a chunky Gravettian child, a descendant of the modern invaders who had evicted the Neanderthals from Iberia several millennia earlier. However, in this contentious and poorly documented field, any new data are eagerly sought, and Duarte et al.’s courageous speculations will doubtless spur much-needed new research.

PIE, i.e. IE?

Don't worry a bit. It's merely a prob of nomenclature. But your question was not the least bit jerky at all. Anyway, keep up the critical questions, it's what the brain's made for! ;-) Trigaranus (talk) 08:08, 8 April 2009 (UTC)

Here is the important difference between Rocky and On the Waterfront: the latter was directed by Kazan. Slrubenstein | Talk 17:24, 3 May 2009 (UTC)

one drop rule

6And Jehovah said, Behold, the people is one, and have all one language; and this have they begun to do. And now will they be hindered in nothing that they meditate doing. 6and Jehovah saith,`Lo,the people[is]one, and one pronunciation [is] to them all, and this it hath dreamed of doing; and now, nothing is restrained from them of that which they have purposed to do. 6And the LORD said, Behold, the people is one, and they have all one language; and this they begin to do: and now nothing will be restrained from them, which they have imagined to do. 6And YHWH said: here they're one people, and they all have one language, and this is what they've begun to do. And now nothing that they scheme will be precluded from them . http://backintyme.com/essays/?p=7 Over the next century, almost every state legislated a statutory definition of endogamous group membership based on blood fraction. By 1910, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Missouri, South Carolina, Kentucky, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas defined anyone with 1/8 or more Negro blood to be Black, as in 1705 Virginia. Nebraska, Oregon, Virginia, and Michigan used a 1/4 rule. Alabama used a 1/32 rule. At the other extreme, Massachusetts’s statutes and Ohio case law (not statutes) ruled that someone was legally of the White endogamous group if they were mostly of European blood (a 1/2 rule).52 As indicated, the most popular blood fraction rule before Jim Crow was the 1/8 rule. This was probably because 12.5 percent African admixture really does reflect physical appearance better than other fractions.53 As Caroline Bond Day put it, “I have been able so far to see no traces whatever of Negro admixture [in octoroons].”54

White by Law: The Legal Construction of Race - Google Books Result by Ian F. Haney Lopez - 1998 - Social Science - 296 pages 52 naturalization cases

The lack of any basis in fact for the story should not disguise its symbolic truth. page 79 Salonica City of Ghosts Mark Mazower Alfred A. Knopf a Division of Random House Inc 2004 ISBN 0-375-41298-0

Malthus

Thank you for the note. If you're feeling energetic, why not have a look at this Economics section in Malthus. Seems to me that the content should be solely about Malthus' economic ideas, not about their fate today. Having come to Malthus from its link with evolution, I lack the necessary reference works on economic history to do it justice. Perhaps you are better placed? Macdonald-ross (talk) 09:47, 9 July 2009 (UTC)

One three major economist in English in 18th century by age Adam Smith TR Malthus and David Ricardo

Hank (Brooks) Adams

Okay, now I think I am on track with your commment. In fact, I have The Education... I think he and his Dad most likely and most famously kept Britain from recognizing the Confederacy until it became evident that the rebels could not win. Quite important. I did still disagree with the adjective used, which seemed to a casual reader to be pov and therefore detracted from the article. But I am not unaware of his accomplishments which were, indeed, notable, as you have pointed out. Student7 (talk) 21:48, 19 July 2009 (UTC)

George Thomas

However, I would suggest that there are few historians who would rank him above either Sherman or Sheridan. Hal Jespersen 02:27, 19 Jun 2005 (UTC)
Benson Bobrick's new bio (Master of War) does. The problem is I'm not deeply versed enough to know just how accurate it is. But he states (page 2) In recent years, a kind of consensus has emerged among many close students of the war that Thomas surpassed not only Grant and Sherman but even Lee. (p3) Thomas was the only Union general to destroy two Confederate armies, and the only one, besides, to save two Union armies from annihilation by his personal valor and skill. I'd love to see that second quote added to the lede. And based on this book, I'd like to add a paragraph about his ability to build and train an army. Or should this wait until there is more reaction to this new book? Nitpyck (talk) 14:36, 11 September 2009 (UTC)

Yes, I've read it--a terrible book. An error-ridden polemic. I hated this book enough to review it: http://www.amazon.com/review/R1374V3HWLKZ6C/ref=cm_cr_rdp_perm. But identifying a single book does not change my assertion that "few historians" support that view. I would venture to guess that it's 9-to-1 or more that Grant and Sherman were the two top Union generals in the war. Hal Jespersen (talk) 14:55, 11 September 2009 (UTC)

Thanks for the super fast reply. So when he writes a kind of consensus he means a consensus of one. I still may do something about Thomas' training methods and theories- especially his criticism of McClellan's failure to "blood" the troops. Nitpyck (talk) 15:06, 11 September 2009 (UTC)

"One" would be an overstatement, but his is quite a minority view. Just to be clear -- everyone agrees Thomas was an excellent general, but when historians rank the contributions of the generals, is very rare to see Thomas come out on top. I have even seen him ranked fourth, after Sheridan, on the Union side. Feel free to improve the article using the normal Wikipedia reliable, secondary sources for opinions. Hal Jespersen (talk) 19:31, 11 September 2009 (UTC)

zombie

from not original research

   * Identifying synonymous terms, and collecting related information under a common heading is also part of writing an encyclopedia. Reliable sources do not always use consistent terminology, and it is sometimes necessary to determine when two sources are calling the same thing by different names. This does not require a third source to state this explicitly, as long as the conclusion is obvious from the context of the sources. Articles should follow the naming conventions in selecting the heading under which the combined material is presented.

[edit] Works of fiction A book, short story, film, or other work of fiction is a primary source for any article or topic regarding that work. Anything that can be observed by a reasonable person simply by reading the work itself, without interpretation, is not original research, but is reliance upon a primary source. This would include direct quotes or non interpretative summaries, publication dates, and any other patent information that can be observed from the work. For example, if there are multiple versions of a particular story, and one version does not have a particular character, or has extra characters, that is clear simply by reading or watching the work. The fact that one would have to read or watch the whole thing does not make the matter original research. The work is verifiable, even if it takes more time than flipping to a single page.

http://jimgetz.org/2009/09/16/ishtar-and-zombies/ james r getz jr at Brandeis

Now of course, the term “zombie” denotes reanimated corpses. The word comes into the English, through Caribbean Creole, from either Kikongo zumbi “fetish” or Kimbundu nzambi “god.” (link) As such, it might be argued that the dead that Ishtar threatens to unleash are not quite zombies in the modern sense of the world; but if there’s a more adequate term, I am unaware of it.

nothing constructive to add

just that you pycked a great name. happy wikiing. -LlywelynII (talk) 20:50, 15 February 2010 (UTC)

pop in pa

Population of Pennsylvania 1680 to 1990

   * 1680 - 680
   * 1690 - 11,450
   * 1700 - 17,950
   * 1710 - 24,450
   * 1720 - 30,962
   * 1730 - 51,707
   * 1740 - 85,637
   * 1750 - 119,665
   * 1760 - 183,703
   * 1770 - 240,057
   * 1780 - 327,305
   * 1790 - 434,000 9.7 persons per square mile
   * 1800 - 602,000
   * 1810 - 810,000
   * 1820 - 1,049,000 23.4 persons per square mile
   * 1830 - 1,348,000
   * 1840 - 1,724,000
   * 1850 - 2,312,000 51.6 persons per square mile
   * 1860 - 2,906,000
   * 1870 - 3,522,000
   * 1880 - 4,283,000 95.5 persons per square mile
   * 1890 - 5,258,000
   * 1900 - 6,302,000
   * 1910 - 7,665,000 * 171 persons per square mile
   * 1920 - 8,720,000
   * 1930 - 9,631,000
   * 1940 - 9,900,000 219.8 persons per square mile
   * 1950 - 10,498,000
   * 1960 - 11,319,000
   * 1970 - 11,794,000 262.3 persons per square mile
   * 1990 - 11,881,000 

• First year urban population exceeded rural population.

Source: Historical Statistics of the U.S. - Colonial Times to 1970. U.S. Census Bureau. 1975.

Reverting by user Hmains

I have made a comment at User_talk:Hmains#You_Undid_me which concerns you. JamesBWatson (talk) 08:34, 25 February 2010 (UTC)

De Haven

It's funny, I just started re-reading Walker of Worlds (probably the single best book I've ever read) a few days ago, and I remembered that there used to be no page for Tom De Haven, but I checked again today. Odd that with not much activity before now, someone else had left a comment on the same thing I had noticed, on the same day! I guess 'we meet by accident'. =) TravelingCat (talk) 05:25, 27 February 2010 (UTC)

Conditions

http://www.slavenorth.com/penna.htm http://www.palrb.us/statutesatlarge/17001799/1780/0/act/0881.pdf vol 10 That all Persons, as well Negroes, and Mulattos, as others, who shall be born within this State, from and after the Passing of this Act, shall not be deemed and considered as Servants for Life or Slaves; and that all Servitude for Life or Slavery of Children in Consequence of the Slavery of their Mothers, in the Case of all Children born within this State from and after the passing of this Act as aforesaid, shall be, an hereby is, utterly taken away, extinguished and for ever abolished. In the matter of color: race and the American legal process : the colonial ...

By A. Leon Higginbotham

http://books.google.com/books?id=ErPg7VegkcMC&pg=PA282&lpg=PA282&dq=Act+for+the+better+Regulation+of+Negroes+%281725-1726&source=bl&ots=RC6IlKSCty&sig=MeNUdCepBSlI0PG-CnkrQToQw6k&hl=en&ei=qiCTS5SfG8XJlAef6dj7AQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CBEQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=Act%20for%20the%20better%20Regulation%20of%20Negroes%20%281725-1726&f=false

Free Blacks

As early as 1717 Anglican church records show the baptism of a free black woman. Further the Anglicans, between 1748 and 1752, baptized another 14 and between 1756 and 1765 41 more free blacks received Anglican baptism. The number of free blacks in Philadelphia was about 150 by 1770 and 250 by 1776. By 1770 44 free black children had been admitted to Quaker and Anglican schools. (topper 51-52)

billy the kid

In a Works Project Administration-funded Federal Writers Project interview in 1937, the recollection of elderly Silver City resident Louis Abraham helped sketch the only image of blond-haired, blue-eyed Catherine extant. 1937 is 73 years after the shooting. Louis was 13 years old at the time of the shooting and lived about 150 miles away in New Mexico. It is questionable if he knew anything about the shooting at the time it occurred.

Babel et Nimrod

Why was it again that God divided the people and confused them with different languages? Man can accomplish anything that they can imagine if they work together, and according to the Bible this is a bad thing in the eyes of God. Not only is this a tale about different languages it's also a tale of tyranny. A tale of God doing what it takes to keep man below him. Tower of Babel http://truth-saves.com/Tower_of_Babel.php The Bronze Age Tower of Babel was a serious threat to Jahweh. The early part of the Old Testament aparently was written when people believed in a far more limited God than what the Abrahamic religions teach now. In the story of Original sin God walks in the garden in the cool of the evening, before that he would be uncomfortably hot. He questions Adam and Eve to find out that they have eaten the fruit. Similarly in the story of the Tower of Babel God look down and sees the tower. He does not know about before he looks down. [1] If people succeeded in building a four storey building they would become like gods and nothing would stop them. Jahweh is not omniscient aparently as he doesn't know that the people he made can't breeth at high altitudes. [2] Jahweh is not omnipotent aparently as he needs to confound their languages to prevent them threatening him. Jahweh scattered the people and confused their languages. http://truth-saves.com/Tower_of_Babel.php

The Tower of Babel (Hebrew: מגדל בבל‎ Migdal Bavel Arabic: برج بابل Burj Babil), according to the Book of Genesis, was a tower built at the city of Babylon (Hebrew: Bavel, Akkadian: Babilu). All humanity; consisting of the generations after the Great Flood, and speaking a single language, after traveling from the east, found a valley in the land of Shinar to live in. They decided to build a city with walls and a tower that would have either "its top in the heavens." or "its top in the skies"

"And they said, Go to, let us build us a city and a tower, whose top may reach unto heaven; and let us make us a name, lest we be scattered abroad upon the face of the whole earth." "And they said to one another, Come on, let's build ourselves a city and a tower, and its top will be in the skies, and we'll make ourselves a name, or else we'll scatter over the face of all the earth."(Genesis 11:4). The Book of Genesis then relates how Yahweh came down and confused their languages and scattered the people throughout the earth. And the city was called Babylon because there God babbled the language of the world.

The Tower of Babel has been associated with the Etemenanki, a ziggurat built by Nabopolassar (c. 610 BC). A Sumerian story with some similar elements is preserved in Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta.

---

Nimrod’s name has been preserved in the area where he ruled. The ancient city of Calah which is mentioned in verse 10 is the present city on the Tigris River which is named Nimrud. There is a city southwest of Babylon named Birs Nimrud., and the oldest ruins of Nineveh are given the name of Nimroud. From this archaeological evidence we know of Nimrod’s ancient influence, and yet it is interesting that the literature from Babylonia and Assyria as far back as 2300 BC do not mention Nimrod. He apparently had been forgotten by the time of Sargon I in the region, and yet Nimrod’s name is recorded in the Hebrew writings. This means that the Bible gives a more ancient witness than the Babylonian writings from the third millennium BC. In fact, in Micah 5:5-6 the area of Assyria is referred to as "the land of Assyria, and the land of Nimrod" preserving this ancient witness.http://www.hurtingchristian.org/PastorsSite/otherscripture/genesis10-8-12.htm Borsippa (modern Birs Nimrud (Arab name) site, Iraq) was an important ancient city of Sumer, Wikip Calah, Kalhu The capital city of Nimrud (Arab name) was built by the Assyrian king, Ashurnasirpal II http://archaeology.about.com/od/nterms/g/nimrud.htm

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