... [S]everal (Business Process Modelling) BPM techniques were mentioned (e.g. BPMN, UML, ArchiMate), which all model processes by diagrams with a set of graphical elements that represent the process and informational entities, their sequence flow, iterations, conditions, etc. as discussed in the functional and behavioral representation. These elements show the behaviors of the (Business Process) BPs. In addition to the behavior, the process boundaries are the essential part of process modeling, as they is used to confine the scope of a set of related processes belonging to a particular system, task or organizational unit, etc. Within and between these process units, all kinds of process dependencies emerge that require the execution of one (or more) process(es) before (an)other process(es) can be executed. In a fine-grained scheme of BPs, these dependencies are depicted by graphical (behavior) diagrams. However, a high-level understanding of these process dependencies is required in the intermediary stage of the alignment of BM with BPs, since these process dependencies could affect the BM in various ways. One example is a process dependency that could be used as a strategic positioning tool in a value network. Based on the concepts and techniques discussed above, the P-layer consists of primary processes, process behavior (i.e. sequence, iterations, conditions, criteria, etc.) and process unit boundaries (Table III)...
