User talk:Caitnew99
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[edit]Hello, Caitnew99, and welcome to Wikipedia! My name is Ian and I work with the Wiki Education Foundation; I help support students who are editing as part of a class assignment.
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If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to contact me on my talk page. Ian (Wiki Ed) (talk) 17:42, 16 January 2018 (UTC)
Arron's Peer Review
[edit]I looked for the original “Nesting Behaviour in Bowerbirds” article and I could not find it, which lead me to believe that it does not exist and that you are creating this article from scratch. If this is true, the lead section is missing.
The lead section should be a summary of the article. Your first paragraph does not summarize nesting behaviour and instead it just summarizes bowerbirds.
I think I would change the order of the second and third paragraph. The second paragraph mentions that “male bowerbirds create different nest types” without saying what they are. I think you should state the next types before you talk about how they are decorated.
I think you should consider subtitles. One might be “Male Bowerbirds Create Three Nest Types”. One might be “Colourful Objects Attract Mates”. I think you should also consider using hyperlinks to other Wikipedia articles such as the article about bowerbirds.
I think you need to write more about nest building. Why are there three difference kind of nests? What gives one particular nest advantage over another? Also note that you wrote “nets” in paragraph four when you meant to say “nest”.
I think you did a good job remaining non biased while refraining from negative associations.
I am having a hard time finding your resources. I don’t think they are actually included. I also noticed that you only have 3 sources, one for each paragraph, and that the sources are referenced only at the end of each paragraph. You should consider placing your sources directly after mentioning the relevant data/information.
Great overview of the topic. You should consider adding pictures! Pictures of the three nest types would be great!
Afm814 (talk) 00:26, 19 March 2018 (UTC)
The bowers made by Bowerbirds are what makes them such interesting creatures. Male Bowerbirds create different types of bowers, and decorate them very uniquely in attempt to attract females. These birds decorate their bowers with anything colourful they can find such as flowers, berries, and rocks. Females will often spend their time looking at many different males bowers in attempt to find the one they believe looks the best. It is thought that the nicer the males bower looks, the greater offspring they will produce. After the birds mate, the female will leave the males bower to create her own nest where she will give birth to their offspring.
Figure 2: Example of an avenue bower, painted with orange pulp from fruits and vegetables.
Contents
1 Background information
2 Three types of bowers
3 Bower illusions for attracting mates
4 Costs and alternative ways to attracting females
Background information
Bowerbirds are a unique type of birds that come from the family Ptilonorhynchidae. There are roughly 20 species of this bird, and they are mainly found in Australia and New Guinea.[1] They range in size and colour. For example, the Satin Bowerbird is characterized by shiny blue feathers that appear metallic. In contrast, the Revenue Bowerbird is mainly black with some bright orange feathers. The majority of these birds weigh from 70 grams- 250 grams. These birds live in numerous different types of environments such as shrub-land, and tropical forests. Some consider these creatures agricultural pests since their diet mainly consists of fruit.[2]
Three types of bowers There are three main types of bowers that male Bowerbirds will produce[3]. The first is known as the "mat" or the "platform". This type of bower is similar to a bed. It consists of a pad of plant material. To make this pad more appealing to females, the birds will generally place all of the leafs shiny side up. Archbold's Bowerbirds generally make this type of bower. The second type of bower is called the "maypole". For this type of bower, the bird creates two towers of twigs, and forms an arch on top to protect the birds. The golden Bowerbird generally creates this bower using tree moss, and decorates it with flowers and berries to try to catch the females attention[3]. The final type of nest created by Bowerbirds is called the "avenue" and is created by Satin Bowerbirds. This bower is larger than the others, and the bird creates a hollow cylinder made of twigs. These types of bowers are painted with vegetable pulp, charcoal, and saliva and applied to the walls.[3]
Bower illusions for attracting mates Bowerbirds create these bowers the way they do for multiple reasons. The first of which, is to attract females. Female Bowerbirds will often spend their time looking at multiple bowers, to see which one attracts them the most. Females believe that the quality of the males bower is an indication of the males fitness. Little do the females birds know, much of the male bower is an illusion[4]. Male Bowerbirds arrange their objects a particular way, they arrange the objects so that the objects have a positive size-distance gradient. To the female bird, looking from far away, all of the objects appear the same size. The illusion also makes the male appear bigger than he actually is[5]. One group of experimenters manipulated the birds environment so the small objects would be places far away, and the large objects would be places closer to the bower[4]. The birds generally fixed the placement of the objects within three days.
Costs and alternative ways to attracting females There are numerous costs associated with maintaining the bowers. Often times male Bowerbirds will steal from other bowers, some may even attempt to completely destroy others bowers. Since the quality of the males bower is important for sexual reproduction, it is critical that the male Bowerbirds maintain their bowers to the highest standard[6]. Another thing to consider is the availability of decorations. It is said that a single bower may contain from 30 to more than 12,000 decorations [2]. Some environments may not have enough decorations for the amount needed, thus increasing competition [7]. Not only do these birds need to find decorations and guard their property to inhibit stolen decorations, they have to constantly replace some decorations that may die or wilt such as flowers and berries [6]. If the bower created by the male is not sufficient in attracting the female, the male may start to sing and wave around items to attract the female. If the female gets close enough, the female may become distracted enough so the male can mate her.[8]
Nicholls, J. A.; Austin, J. J.; Moritz, C.; Goldizen, A. W.; Webster, M. (2006-06-01). "Genetic population structure and call variation in a passerine bird, the satin bowerbird, ptilonorhynchus violaceus". Evolution. 60 (6): 1279–1290. doi:10.1554/05-560.1. ISSN 0014-3820. DIAMOND, JARED (1987-01-12). "Bower Building and Decoration by the Bowerbird Amblyornis inornatus". Ethology. 74 (3): 177–204. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1987.tb00932.x. ISSN 1439-0310. Borgia, Gerald (1995). "Why Do Bowerbirds Build Bowers?". American Scientist. 83 (6): 542–547 – via JSTOR. Kelley, Laura A.; Endler, John A. (2012-01-20). "Illusions Promote Mating Success in Great Bowerbirds". Science. 335 (6066): 335–338. doi:10.1126/science.1212443. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 22267812. Endler, John A.; Gaburro, Julie; Kelley, Laura A. (2014-05-22). "Visual effects in great bowerbird sexual displays and their implications for signal design". Proc. R. Soc. B. 281 (1783): 20140235. doi:10.1098/rspb.2014.0235. ISSN 0962-8452. PMID 24695430. "Complex male display and female choice in the spotted bowerbird: specialized functions for different bower decorations". Animal Behaviour. 49 (5): 1291–1301. 1995-05-01. doi:10.1006/anbe.1995.0161. ISSN 0003-3472. Hunter, Chadden P.; Dwyer, Peter D. (1997). "The Value of Objects to Satin Bowerbirds Ptilonorhynchus violaceus". Emu. 97 (3): 200–206. doi:10.1071/mu97027. ISSN 1448-5540. Loffredo, Christopher A.; Borgia, Gerald (1986). "Male Courtship Vocalizations as Cues for Mate Choice in the Satin Bowerbird (Ptilonorhynchus violaceus)". The Auk. 103 (1): 189–195.
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Speedy deletion nomination of Bowers made by Bowerbirds
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A tag has been placed on Bowers made by Bowerbirds requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section G12 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the page appears to be an unambiguous copyright infringement. This page appears to be a direct copy from {{{value1}}}. For legal reasons, we cannot accept copyrighted text or images taken from other web sites or printed material, and as a consequence, your addition will most likely be deleted. You may use external websites or other printed material as a source of information, but not as a source of sentences. This part is crucial: say it in your own words. Wikipedia takes copyright violations very seriously and persistent violators will be blocked from editing.
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If you think this page should not be deleted for this reason, you may contest the nomination by visiting the page and clicking the button labelled "Contest this speedy deletion". This will give you the opportunity to explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. However, be aware that once a page is tagged for speedy deletion, it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag from the page yourself, but do not hesitate to add information in line with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. power~enwiki (π, ν) 17:56, 27 March 2018 (UTC)
- Actually, I'm not sure "copyright infringement" is accurate, and have instead moved the page to Draft:Bowers made by Bowerbirds. You need to include whatever references [1] through [8] refer to before moving the page back.