User:Zanvit/Olca

Sorry for the delay to the peer review I had it on my sandbox just didn't create this sandbox for editing

Article Evaluation: The article has not much information about the volcano apart from saying it is a stratovolcano. Content wise there is no information about the seismology, volcanic gases, historic eruptions or the edifice different rocks. since there is no really much content of this volcano.This article is characterized as stub-class and there are wikipedia projects associated with this one. On the contrary the Olca-Paruma has a GA rating and is also part of 4 wikipedia projects. For the Olca project, there is no major organization on the structure of the page, very little media and images, therefore, is an incomplete page, but is it worth it to edit having another really similar one with more information and sources? For the Olca-Paruma project there are some broken links, some information is not cited and; Article Modifications Geography on the right side of the page needs a map Altitude 5705 m and 18717 ft Olca is a Stratovolcano, located in the Central volcanic zone (CVZ) of the Andes, on the border of Chile and Bolivia; Geographical and geological context; The CVZ is suggested to be highly metamophosized rocks of at least 1Ga compose the basement of the region (pp.5), with a crust >70km thick (pp.7) with over 44 active volcanic edifices and 18 minor centers (pp.10) (Stern 2004) .Olca lies above Upper Miocene-Pliocene dacitic and andesitic volcanic products that form the Ujina ignimbrite and has grown along with two other volcanoes: Paruma volcano in the West and Michincha volcano in the East. The volcano has Andecitic to dacitic lava composition (worner 2000) and has one well preserved lava flow extending up to 7 km north from the active Olca crater, with several distinguished volcanic featrures. Additionally, there is several evidence of Glaciar activity (Gardeweg 2009).; Rocks and lavas flows (Gardeweg 2009); Navas (2019); Gas emissions and composition
Olca volcanic dome with the fumarole, picture taken from the south looking at the plume.
The gasses emission is comprised by a single warm spring at the base ^[1] and a persistent fumarole field over at the crater´s dome for at least 60 years^[2]. The fumarolic field is about 0.1km² and the emissions measured in situ at the crater show a highly mixed magmatic system between high temperature temperature gasses and hydrothermal fluids (pp.132 ^[2]).; The gas composition indicates low concentration of H₂, CO and acidic gasses, and high concentration of H₂S and hydrocarbons. The stable isotopes values are low and it shows similar values of R/Ra to the ones from the CVZ (fuente). Other authors have measure the amount of SO₂ using a remote sensing techniques called Differential Optical Absorption Spectrometer (DOAS) giving maximum concentration of 35 ppm.m of SO2. The most recent date for SO2 were taken with a UV camera suggesting an average of 18.4 t d^-1^[3].; Satellite observation has shown temperature anomalies compared to the background of 6 K (11 °F) (Jay 2013), potentially caused by the fumarolic activity, Though, through ground temperatures in the fumarole fields, it reaches about 357–364 K (84–91 °C; 183–196 °F) ^[2].; Eruptive history and latest activity; Research claimed that lava flows on the western side of Olca were erupted during the Pleistocene and that others seem to be much older. The appearance of the edifices suggest that volcanic activity migrated east over time, although validation of the proposed older dates would contradict this. Unconfirmed historical eruptions are suspected to have occurred in 1865-1867 (Pritchard 2014) (Gonzalez-Ferrán). The last activity has been reported of low-intensity seismicity accompanied with fumarolic activity on November 1989 and March 1990 intense degassing ^[4] In 2010, there a campaign conducted seismic activity showing 3 potencial swarms in without a clear interpretation ^[5]; Hazard; Geothermal system; Studies show a hydrothermal activity, with low resistivity layers over a hotter interlayer which could produce between 75 and 450 MWe in the vecinicty of the volcano(reyes 2011) Hazard map is available (orozco bertin 2013) bajo peligro afecta a 10 personas, productos volcanicos podrian llegar a lagunas.; Work in progress for the spanish version also.
Sources to add: The regional characteristics have been documented by worner (1992 and 2000), there is also a new detailed work by Sofia Navas (UCN).; Sernageomin considers this volcano active and is permanently monitored.; Geothermal works by Reyes (2011); Pritchard (2014) has compiled evidence of seismology; volcanic hazards map done by Orozco and /bertin (2013); Fumarole Water Tassi 2011; Casertano (1963) mentions the sulfur availability due to the state of the volcano, sulfur activity 1865 and 1867 and that is the reason for being mined 1963; Temperature estimates using satellite is not accurate (Jay 2013), ground base measurements (Aguilera, 2008)

References

^ Reyes, Nicolas (2011). "Geothermal Exploration at Irruputuncu and Olca Volcanoes: Pursuing a Sustainable Mining Development in Chile". Geothermal Resources Council Transactions. 35. Geothermal Resources Council.
^ ^a ^b ^c Franco Tassi; Felipe Aguilera; Orlando Vaselli; Thomas Darrah; Eduardo Medina (2011-06-30). "Gas discharges from four remote volcanoes in northern Chile (Putana, Olca, Irruputuncu and Alitar): a geochemical survey". Annals of Geophysics. 54 (2). doi:10.4401/ag-5173.
^ Aguilera, Felipe; Layana, Susana; Rojas, Felipe; Arratia, Pilar; Wilkes, Thomas C.; González, Cristóbal; Inostroza, Manuel; McGonigle, Andrew J.S.; Pering, Tom D.; Ureta, Gabriel (2020-07-02). "First Measurements of Gas Flux with a Low-Cost Smartphone Sensor-Based UV Camera on the Volcanoes of Northern Chile". Remote Sensing. 12 (13): 2122. doi:10.3390/rs12132122. ISSN 2072-4292.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
^ "Global Volcanism Program | Report on Olca-Paruma (Chile-Bolivia) — March 1990". volcano.si.edu. doi:10.5479/si.gvp.bgvn199003-355050. Retrieved 2021-11-19.
^ Pritchard, M. E.; Henderson, S. T.; Jay, J. A.; Soler, V.; Krzesni, D. A.; Button, N. E.; Welch, M. D.; Semple, A. G.; Glass, B.; Sunagua, M.; Minaya, E. (2014-06-01). "Reconnaissance earthquake studies at nine volcanic areas of the central Andes with coincident satellite thermal and InSAR observations". Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 280: 90–103. doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.05.004. ISSN 0377-0273.

[:0-1] Reyes, Nicolas (2011). "Geothermal Exploration at Irruputuncu and Olca Volcanoes: Pursuing a Sustainable Mining Development in Chile". Geothermal Resources Council Transactions. 35. Geothermal Resources Council.

[:1-2] Franco Tassi; Felipe Aguilera; Orlando Vaselli; Thomas Darrah; Eduardo Medina (2011-06-30). "Gas discharges from four remote volcanoes in northern Chile (Putana, Olca, Irruputuncu and Alitar): a geochemical survey". Annals of Geophysics. 54 (2). doi:10.4401/ag-5173.

[3] Aguilera, Felipe; Layana, Susana; Rojas, Felipe; Arratia, Pilar; Wilkes, Thomas C.; González, Cristóbal; Inostroza, Manuel; McGonigle, Andrew J.S.; Pering, Tom D.; Ureta, Gabriel (2020-07-02). "First Measurements of Gas Flux with a Low-Cost Smartphone Sensor-Based UV Camera on the Volcanoes of Northern Chile". Remote Sensing. 12 (13): 2122. doi:10.3390/rs12132122. ISSN 2072-4292.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

[4] "Global Volcanism Program | Report on Olca-Paruma (Chile-Bolivia) — March 1990". volcano.si.edu. doi:10.5479/si.gvp.bgvn199003-355050. Retrieved 2021-11-19.

[5] Pritchard, M. E.; Henderson, S. T.; Jay, J. A.; Soler, V.; Krzesni, D. A.; Button, N. E.; Welch, M. D.; Semple, A. G.; Glass, B.; Sunagua, M.; Minaya, E. (2014-06-01). "Reconnaissance earthquake studies at nine volcanic areas of the central Andes with coincident satellite thermal and InSAR observations". Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 280: 90–103. doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.05.004. ISSN 0377-0273.

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