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Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Tetraodontiformes |
| Family: | Molidae |
| Genus: | Mola |
| Species: | M. tecta
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| Binomial name | |
| Mola tecta Nyegaard et al., 2017
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Mola tecta
[edit]
Mola tecta, common name Hoodwinked sunfish and Japanese name Kakure Manbo(カクレマ ンボ)[1], belongs to the family Molidae and Genus ''Mola''. Similar to the Japanese words “Kakure”, the Latin word “tecta” also means hidden. The word “ hidden” was adopted for the name because the fish has blended in among other species of sunfish for a long time and has only been discovered recently. (In 2017)[2]. Mola tecta are mostly discovered in the temperate region of Southern Hemisphere in the water near Australia, Newzealand Southern Chile and Southern Africa.[3] It was first described by Marianne Nyegaard, a marine scientist who studied ocean sunfish for her PhD.[4]
Anatomy and Morphology
[edit]
Mola tecta, like other Mola species, has a flat, almost symmetrical oval shape. It has a smooth body shape, no bump and has a maximum length of 242cm (about 7.9 feet).[5] It does not have spines in its fins nor real caudal fin (tail fin).[5] Its scales has evolved into small spines like other cartilaginous fish, Mola tecta has counter shading which means that it has a darker color on the dorsal side than the ventral side.[5] Parasites are found in all the dissected Mola tecta. Their diet consists of salps and nectonic siphonophore because these two organisms are found in the digestive tract of Mola tecta.[5]
History
[edit]There are three species under the family Molidae: ''Mola Mola'', ''Mola Alexandrini'', and Mola tecta.[6]
Mola mola is the most common known ocean sunfish and was found in 1758 and Mola alexandrini (also called Mola ramsayi) was found 81 years afterward.[6] In 1883, Mola alexandrini was found.[7] In comparison to its two relatives, Mola tecta was found recently in 2017. Ten years before Mola Tecta was officially named in 2017, the Japanese researchers found out that there is a new Mola species based on the genetic information they obtained from the Australian water. However, they were not able to obtain more information about this new Mola species and they did not know exactly what does this Mola species looked like.[8] According to Nyegaard, the first person who described Mola tecta, the Mola teca are hard to study because they are hard to find and their huge size makes them difficult to store. [9]
Distribution and habitat
[edit]Mola tecta had only been found in the Southern hemisphere until recently one of the Mola tecta carcasses was found in the northern hemisphere.[10] Mola ramsayi has been found in the Southern Pacific. Mola mola, in comparison, is the most widespread species and has been found in all the major ocean except for the polar area.[10]
Recent News about Mola Tecta
[edit]On February 27, 2019, a carcass of Mola tecta is found on the beach near UC Santa Barbra This is significant because Mola tecta has only been found in Southern hemisphere before.[11]
- ^ fish base https://www.fishbase.se/ComNames/CommonNamesList.php?ID=68302&GenusName=Mola&SpeciesName=tecta&StockCode=59853. Retrieved 24 March 2019.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ "new giant sunfish species discovered". museum of new zealand te papa. Retrieved 22 March 2019.
- ^ Zdanowicz, Christina (March4, 2019). "a huge, strange-looking fish washed up on a California beach. Scientist say it is a first". Retrieved 22 March 2019.
{{cite news}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ Leachman, Shelly (fubruary 27, 2019). "Hoodwinked". Retrieved 22 March 2019.
{{cite news}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ a b c d Nyegaard, Marianne. "Hiding in broad daylight: molecular and morphological data reveal a new ocean sunfish species (Tetraodontiformes: Molidae) that has eluded recognition". oxford academic. The Linnean Society of London, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
- ^ a b Sawai, Etsuro. "Redescription of the bump-head sunfish Mola alexandrini (Ranzani 1839), senior synonym of Mola ramsayi (Giglioli 1883), with designation of a neotype for Mola mola (Linnaeus 1758) (Tetraodontiformes: Molidae)". Springer Link. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
- ^ "fish identification : find species". fish identification : find species. Retrieved 22 March 2019.
- ^ "new giant sunfish species discovered". museum of new zealand te papa. Retrieved 22 March 2019.
- ^ "new giant sunfish species discovered". museum of new zealand te papa. Retrieved 22 March 2019.
- ^ a b fish base https://www.fishbase.se/identification/SpeciesList.php?genus=Mola. Retrieved 24 March 2019.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ Zdanowicz, Christina (March4, 2019). "a huge, strange-looking fish washed up on a California beach. Scientist say it is a first". Retrieved 22 March 2019.
{{cite news}}: Check date values in:|date=(help)