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The station opened on 28 February 1932, although originally only four of the platforms were in use: platforms 1, 2 and 3 on the upper level and platform 6, served by escalators, on the lower level.[1] The other two platforms were built in preparation for a yet to be constructed western suburbs line from the city to Gladesville, as envisaged under the Bradfield scheme.[1] When this plan fell through, the platforms (4 and 5) became disused, and were later utilised as platforms for the Eastern Suburbs line when it was constructed in the 1970s.

  1. ^ a b "The St James Railway Tunnels". Retrieved 5 November 2010.

[1]

The Phoenician Club is a former entertainment venue in Sydney, Australia. It was located in Ultimo, New South Wales at the corner of Broadway and Mountain Street, opposite St Barnabas Church. The venue itself had gone through various uses and had had different names before it became the Phoenician Club, a meeting place for Sydney's Maltese community, in 1980. Before then, the building and the club had existed separately (the Phoenician Club had existed as a social organisation since 1963; before being taken over by this organisation, the building had been a cinema and television studio, among other functions).[1] The Phoenician Club became well known for hosting rock concerts, which provided its organisers with a steady source of income for running community activities. It was a popular venue for both Australian and overseas groups and many concerts took place at the club during its history. Following the death of Anna Wood at the premises, significant restrictions were imposed on the club, eventually leading to its closure in 1998.

History

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Plaque erected on former site of the Phoenician Club, commemorating its history and its earlier functions

The premises opened as a cinema in 1911 where silent films were initially screened. It was later rewired for sound when talking movies became widespread. Until its redevelopment in 2001, the building had been one of the oldest surviving purpose-built cinemas in Sydney. The building operated as a cinema until 1960.

The premises were run as a discothèque called Jonathan's Disco in the early 1970s and is notable in the history of the Australian pop band Sherbet, who played a formative eight-month residency there during 1970; it was here that they were first seen by their future manager Roger Davies.[citation needed] Sherbet shared residency at the venue with the group Fraternity. AC/DC also played at the venue during this period.[1] Following a fire at the premises, the building was re-opened as a ballroom for a short period in 1976. In 1980, Sydney City Council granted consent for the Maltese community to take over the premises as the Phoenician Club. By becoming a licensed venue, the premises' role as a major music venue in Sydney significantly expanded.[1] This gave the club a reliable source of revenue for its community activities.

The Phoenician Club became a popular rock venue in the 1980s, hosting many concerts by both local and overseas groups. Simulations of Manchester techno dance parties were held at the club in 1991.[1] In January 1992, Nirvana played their first Australian show there.[2] It became the focus of a major public controversy in 1995 following the death of Sydney teenager Anna Wood, who died from a cerebral oedema after taking the drug ecstasy while attending a rave dance party at the venue. The club survived calls for it to be closed down in the ensuing public fall–out over Wood's death. Fines and restrictions imposed on it by the courts significantly reduced its role as a major music venue, however.[3] The club eventually closed down in 1998,[4] and it has since been redeveloped into residential and commercial premises.

References

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  1. ^ a b c d Homan, Shane (1998). "After the Law: The Phoenician Club, the Premier, and the Death of Anna Wood" (PDF). pp. 4–5. Retrieved 28 October 2008.
  2. ^ http://www.livenirvana.com/tourhistory/
  3. ^ Homan, After the Law: The Phoenician Club, the Premier, and the Death of Anna Wood, pp. 24–25
  4. ^ Mark Caruana (2008). "Maltese". Dictionary of Sydney. Retrieved 5 November 2010.
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All-time records

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Opponent Played Won Drawn Lost % Won Year/s
Total 72 41 0 30 57% 1986-
 American Samoa 1 1 0 0 100% 1994
 Australia 2 0 0 2 0% 2000-2014
Australian Aborigines 3 3 0 0 100% 1990-1994
 Cook Islands 7 5 0 2 71% 1986-2009
 England 1 0 0 1 0% 2014
England England Knights 1 0 0 1 0% 2013
 Fiji 10 4 0 6 44% 1992-2016
 France 4 3 0 1 75% 1995-2013
 Ireland 2 0 0 2 0% 2000-2008
 Lebanon 1 1 0 0 100% 2007
 New Caledonia 1 1 0 0 100% 2004
 New Zealand 3 0 0 3 0% 2010-2014
 Māori 6 2 0 4 33% 1986-2004
 Niue 4 4 0 0 100% 1990-2004
 Papua New Guinea 1 1 0 0 100% 2013
 Rotuma 1 1 0 0 100% 1994
 Scotland 1 1 0 0 100% 2000
 Tokelau 36 36 0 0 100% 1986-2006
 Tonga 18 11 0 8 61% 1986-2016
 United States 1 1 0 0 100% 2007
 Wales 1 1 0 0 100% 1995

Test Matches

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2010-2019

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Test# Date Competition Result Stadium City Crowd
74 6 May 2017 2017 Pacific Rugby League Tests Tonga def. Fiji 26-24 Campbelltown Stadium Sydney
73 8 October 2016 International Test Match Fiji def. Samoa 20-18 Apia Park Apia
72 20 August 2016 International Test Match Fiji def. Canada 26-12 Aloha Stadium Honolulu
71 7 May 2016 2016 Melanesian Cup Papua New Guinea def. Fiji 24-22 Pirtek Stadium Sydney
70 2 May 2015 2015 Melanesian Cup Fiji def. Papua New Guinea 22-10 CBus Super Stadium Robina
69 19 October 2014 Hayne Mannah Cup Fiji def. Lebanon 40-28 Southern Cross Group Stadium Sydney
68 3 May 2014 2014 Four Nations Qualifier Samoa def. Fiji]] 32-16 Penrith Stadium Penrith 9,063
23 November 2013 2013 World Cup (semi-final) Australia def. Fiji 64-0 Wembley Stadium London 67,545
67 17 November 2013 2013 World Cup (Q.-Final) Fiji def. Samoa 22-4 Halliwell Jones Stadium Warrington 12,766
66 9 November 2013 2013 World Cup England def. Fiji 34-12 KC Stadium Kingston upon Hull 25,114
65 2 November 2013 2013 World Cup Australia def. Fiji 34-2 Langtree Park St Helens 14,137
64 28 October 2013 2013 World Cup Fiji def. Ireland 32-14 Spotland Stadium Rochdale 8,872
63 12 October 2012 International Test Match Fiji def. Italy 22-18
62 6 November 2011 International Test Match Papua New Guinea def. Fiji 26-0
61 30 October 2011 International Test Match Fiji def. Papua New Guinea 26-12

2000-2009

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Test# Date Competition Result Stadium City Crowd
59 17 October 2009 2009 Pacific Cup Qualifier Cook Islands def. Samoa 22-20 Barlow Park Cairns 4,261
58 9 November 2008 2008 World Cup Samoa def. France 42-10 Penrith Stadium Penrith 8,028
57 5 November 2008 2008 World Cup Ireland def. Samoa 34-16 Parramatta Stadium Parramatta 8,602
56 31 October 2008 2008 World Cup Samoa def.Tonga 20-12 Penrith Stadium Penrith 11,787
55 14 November 2007 2008 World Cup Qualifying (Final) Samoa def.Lebanon 38-16 Post Office Road Featherstone 1,323
54 9 November 2007 2008 World Cup Qualifying (Semi-Final) Samoa def.United States 42-10 Halton Stadium Widnes 753
53 5 November 2006 Federation Cup England def. Samoa 38-14 Kingston Communications Stadium Hull 5,698
52 29 October 2006 Federation Cup France def. Samoa 28-6 Stade Bénichou Colomiers 2,700
51 22 October 2006 2008 World Cup Qualifying Tonga def. Samoa 18-10 Headingley Rugby Stadium, Leeds 5,547
50 4 October 2006 2008 World Cup Qualifying Samoa def. Cook Islands 46-6 Western Weekender Stadium Sydney 3,813
49 19 September 2006 2008 World Cup Qualifying Samoa def. Fiji 30-28 Campebelltown Stadium Sydney 3,013
48 5 March 2006 2006 Pacific Cup Tokelau def. Samoa 34-28 Waitemata Stadium Henderson 2,000
47 2 March 2006 2006 Pacific Cup Cook Islands def. Samoa 44-0 Ericsson Stadium No.2 Auckland 2,000
46 23 February 2006 2006 Pacific Cup Fiji def. Samoa 26-4 Ericsson Stadium No.2 Auckland 2,000
45 7 October 2005 Tonga def. Samoa 34-20 Campbelltown Stadium Leumeah
44 23 October 2004 2004 Pacific Cup (Final) Samoa def. Tonga 52-18 North Harbour Stadium Auckland
43 21 October 2004 Pacific Rim Championship New Zealand Māori def. Samoa 70-10 Ericsson Stadium Auckland
42 20 October 2004 2004 Pacific Cup Samoa def. New Caledonia 76-10 North Harbour Stadium Auckland
41 19 October 2004 Pacific Rim Championship Samoa def. Niue 36-18 North Harbour Stadium Auckland
40 11 November 2000 2000 World Cup (Q.-Final) Australia def. Samoa 66-10 Vicarage Road Watford 5,404
39 5 November 2000 2000 World Cup Samoa def. Scotland 20-12 Tynecastle Stadium Edinburgh 1,579
38 1 November 2000 2000 World Cup Samoa def. Aotearoa Māori 21-16 Derwent Park Workington 4,107
37 28 October 2000 2000 World Cup Ireland def. Samoa 30-16 Windsor Park Belfast 3,207

1990-1999

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Test# Date Competition Result Stadium City Crowd
36 5 August 1999 Fiji vs Samoa Series Fiji def. Samoa 30-4
35 29 July 1999 Fiji vs Samoa Series Fiji def. Samoa 22-16 Churchill Park Lautoka
34 30 July 1999 Fiji vs Samoa Series Fiji def Samoa 10-6 Lawaqa Park Sigatoka
33 10 July 1996 1996 Pacific Challenge Series Tonga def. Western Samoa 22-17 Tefuaiwa Stadium Nukuʻalofa
32 1998 Tonga def. Samoa 24-8
31 1998 Tonga def. Samoa 24-22
30 1998 Samoa def. Niue
29 10 July 1996 1996 Pacific Challenge Series Māori def. Western Samoa 39-16 International Stadium Apia
28 15 October 1995 1995 World Cup Wales def. Western Samoa 22-10 Vetch Field Swansea 15,385
27 12 October 1995 1995 World Cup Western Samoa def. France 56-10 Ninian Field Cardiff 2,173
26 11 November 1994 1994 Pacific Cup (3rd Playoff) Western Samoa def. Aborigines 29-22 National Stadium Suva
25 November 1994 1994 Pacific Cup (Semi-Final) Tonga def. Western Samoa 34-16 National Stadium Suva
24 November 1994 1994 Pacific Cup Western Samoa def. Cook Islands 60-0 National Stadium Suva
23 November 1994 1994 Pacific Cup Western Samoa def. Rotuma 50-14 National Stadium Suva
22 October 1994 1994 Pacific Cup Western Samoa def. American Samoa 30-10 National Stadium Suva
21 October 1994 1994 Pacific Cup Western Samoa def. Fiji 16-14 National Stadium Suva
20 31 October 1992 1992 Pacific Cup (Final) Western Samoa def. Tonga 18-14 Carlaw Park Auckland
19 28 October 1992 1992 Pacific Cup (Semi-Final) Western Samoa def. Aborigines 44-26 Carlaw Park Auckland
18 26 October 1992 1992 Pacific Cup Western Samoa def. Niue 41-28 Carlaw Park Auckland
17 24 October 1992 1992 Pacific Cup Western Samoa def. Cook Islands 66-12 Carlaw Park Auckland
16 20 October 1992 1992 Pacific Cup Western Samoa def. Tonga 20-12 Carlaw Park Auckland
15 18 October 1992 1992 Pacific Cup Western Samoa def. Fiji 32-18 Carlaw Park Auckland
14 31 October 1990 1990 Pacific Cup (Final) Western Samoa def. Māori 26-18 Tefuaiwa Stadium Nuku'alofa
13 October 1990 1990 Pacific Cup (Semi-Final) Western Samoa def. Aborigines 22-16 Tefuaiwa Stadium Nuku'alofa
12 October 1990 1990 Pacific Cup Western Samoa def. Niue 52-2 Tefuaiwa Stadium Nuku'alofa
11 October 1990 1990 Pacific Cup Western Samoa def. Tokelau 66-8 Tefuaiwa Stadium Nuku'alofa
10 October 1990 1990 Pacific Cup Western Samoa def. Tonga 42-8 Tefuaiwa Stadium Nuku'alofa

1980-1989

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Test# Date Competition Result Stadium City Crowd
9 1988 1988 Pacific Cup (Final) Māori def. Western Samoa 26-18 Apia Park Apia 4,500
8 1988 1988 Pacific Cup (Semi-Final) Western Samoa def. Tonga 40-30 Apia Park Apia
7 1988 1988 Pacific Cup Western Samoa def. Tokelau 40-18 Apia Park Apia
6 1988 1988 Pacific Cup Western Samoa def. Cook Islands 52-16 Apia Park Apia
5 1986 1986 Pacific Cup (Final) Māori def. Western Samoa 23-16 Avaru National Stadium Rarotonga
4 1986 1986 Pacific Cup (Semi-Final) Western Samoa def. Tonga 46-4 Avaru National Stadium Rarotonga
3 1986 1986 Pacific Cup (Q.-Final) Western Samoa def. Cook Islands 48-0 Avaru National Stadium Rarotonga
2 1986 1986 Pacific Cup Tonga def. Western Samoa 34-16 Avaru National Stadium Rarotonga
1 1986 1986 Pacific Cup Western Samoa def. Tokelau 34-12 Avaru National Stadium Rarotonga

Six O'Clock Swill

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Recent research has indicated that early hotel closing times did indeed reduce alcohol consumption levels initially with consequent improvements in national health indicators. The Great Depression and the Second World War contributed to these trends by lowering disposable income levels, which reduced demand for alcohol. After the Second World War, with the rise in disposable income and expansion in eating at restaurants and purchases of takeaway liquor, the effects of early hotel closing became less clear-cut. By the 1950s, Australia's alcohol consumption levels had returned to pre-First Word War levels.

Sigmund Freud's views on religion

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Sigmund Freud's views on religion are described in several of his books and essays. Freud considered God a fantasy, based on the infantile need for a dominant father figure. During the development of early civilisation, God and religion were necessities to help restrain our violent impulses, which in modern times can now be discarded in favour of science and reason.[1]

Category:Sydney culture Category:Defunct nightclubs Category:Defunct clubs and societies of Australia Category:Community-based organizations Category:Buildings and structures in Sydney Category:Organisations based in Sydney Category:Nightclubs in Australia Category:Drinking establishments in Australia Category:Pubs in Sydney

  1. ^ Armstrong, Karen. A History of God (New York: Ballantine Books 1993) p. 357 ISBN 0-345-38456-3
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