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Gut Brain Axis
The gut brain axis is a biochemical signaling pathway that occurs between microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system (CNS). This brain-body connection has implications in regulating homeostasis in the brain and body. The microbiome contains millions of microorgranisms whose composition and mechanisms can alter brain signaling involved in behavioral and emotional response. The presence of certain microbiota can be altered by what individuals consume. Commonly, the consumption of probiotics has been shown to alter microbiome makeup and reduce anxiety, stress response and reduce the cortisol release. Preliminary evidence has shown the beneficial effects of probiotics on microbiota, and consequently, behavior. More research however needs to be done to show the strength of this relationship and extend the study of food groups that can alter microbiota composition.
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