User:Vaticidalprophet/Autism and schizophrenia

[begin collating links here]
https://academic.oup.com/schizbullopen/article/1/1/sgaa046/5899822
https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2008-07906-006
https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/autism-and-schizophrenia

Autism and schizophrenia are common neurodevelopmental conditions with a shared history, and the similarities and differences between them have been the subject of extensive research. For much of the 20th century, autism was generally considered a particularly early-onset form of childhood schizophrenia; the two categories would not be diagnostically separated until the DSM-III was published in 1980. Since the distinction, the link between autism spectrum and schizophrenia spectrum disorders have been a popular topic for investigation and debate, with varying opinions amongst medical, general, and consumer communities as to their relationships.

Current evidence suggests that autism and schizophrenia are highly comorbid, with approximately 8-10% of autistic adults fitting the full criteria for schizophrenia and perhaps a quarter having psychotic experiences. The two conditions share a number of genetic, cognitive, and neurological associations. However, both autism spectrum and schizophrenia spectrum disorders are highly heterogeneous, and individual phenotypes for one disorder can be extremely unlike the other. Critics of the proposal that the two spectra are closely related have proposed that autism spectrum disorders are overdiagnosed in neurodivergent children who are better defined as schizotypal, and that the presumed associations are a matter of poor diagnostic specificity. A cluster of people who fit both autistic and schizotypal criteria appears to exist, which has led to the creation of research categories such as multiple complex developmental disorder.

History

Autism would first be used as an independent diagnostic label in 1943, when psychiatrist Leo Kanner used the term to describe Donald Gray Triplett and ten other children who he was unable to describe using any previously conceptualized diagnostic category. However, the use of the term to describe an aspect of schizophrenia predated Triplett's diagnosis.