User:Universal Life/Prabhata Samgiita
Prabháta Saḿgiita or Prabhát Saḿgiit (Bengali: প্রভাত সঙ্গীত Probhat Shongit, Bengali pronunciation: [pɾɔbhat̪ ʃɔŋɡit̪]), also known as Songs of a New Dawn or Prabhat's Songs, are the collection of songs composed by Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar.[1] Sarkar composed a total of 5,018 songs, including the lyrics and the melody, over a period of eight years from 1982 until his death in 1990.[2] While most songs are in the Bengali language, some are in Hindi, English, Sanskrit, Urdu, Magahi, Maithili and Angika. Prabhát Saḿgiit is also sometimes considered to be a post-Tagore gharana (school of music). The poetry of lyrics expresses elements of love, mysticism, devotion, neohumanism and revolution and the songs present a wide spectrum of both Eastern and Western melodic styles.[3]
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Etymology, Name and Variants
[edit]As Prabhát(a) is the name of the composer, Prabháta Saḿgiita literally means "songs of Prabhat".[3][4] In Bengali, the word prabhát(a) (প্রভাত - Bengali pronunciation: [pɾɔbhat̪]) means dawn, morning or daybreak.[5] The word sauṋgiit(a) (সঙ্গীত - Bengali pronunciation: [ʃɔŋɡit̪])[6] also spelled saḿgiit(a) (সংগীত - Bengali pronunciation: [ʃɔŋɡɡit̪]) means song and music.[7] Thus, prabhát(a) sauṋgiit(a) or prabhát(a) saḿgiit(a) etymologically means "morning song"[5] or "songs of dawn".[8] It has also been interpreted as "songs of a new dawn".[1][9]
It has many spelling variants, with the following reasons: the word saḿgiit has two different spellings in Bengali, there is no fix transliteration rule for most Indian languages, there are also different transcription conventions used in English for Indian languages, the Sanskrit pronunciation has an "a" at the end of both words, which is normally silent in Bengali and Hindi.
Thus we have the word prabhat that can be spelled as:
- Prabhat, Prabhát, Prabhāt, Prabhata, Prabháta, Prabhāta
And we have the word samgiit that can be spelled as:
- Sangit, Sangeet, Sangiit, Samgiit, Saḿgiit, Saṃgīt, Sauṋgiit, Saŋgīt and all of these with "a" at the end:
- Sangita, Sangeeta, Sangiita, Samgiita, Saḿgiita, Saṃgīta, Sauṋgiita and Saŋgīta
If combined, all these variations could create a huge number of spelling variants for Prabhat Samgiit, however not all combinations are used. Subhas Sarkar mainly prefers the variant Prabháta Saḿgiita and sometimes uses Prabhāta saṃgīta.[3] There is no consistency of spelling, even within the same newspapers. The Hindu often spells Prabhat Samgiita[4][8][10] however also spells Prabhat Sangit[11] and also Prabhat Sangeet.[12] The Times of India uses both Prabhat Samgiita[9] and Prabhat Sangeet.[13] Most other newspapers spell Prabhat Sangeet, though some articles prefer Prabhat Sangit and Prabhata Samgiita. Publications of Ananda Marga usually goes by the spelling Prabháta Saḿgiita and also often by Prabhát Saḿgiita and Prabhát Saḿgiit.[14] Older publications, however, tend to use the variant Prabhát Sauṋgiit or Prabháta Sauṋgiita.[6] Finally there are instances of unusual spellings as well, such as Prabhat Sangeeth[1] and Prabhat Samhitta.[15]
History
[edit]Composition, Collection and Releases
[edit]Regular programmes of Prabhata Samgiita
[edit]Notable Singers of Prabhata Samgiita
[edit]Themes
[edit]Examples
[edit]Comparison
[edit]Influences
[edit]Prabhata Samgiita as a school of music
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c Subramanya, Mysore V (2008-03-17). "Dance / Music Review". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 22 July 2015.
- ^ "Homage to spiritual guru". Calcutta, India: The Telegraph (Calcutta). 2004-09-20. Retrieved 1 February 2013.
- ^ a b c Sarkar, Subhas (2010-12-31). Prabháta Samgiita: A Literary and Philosophical Appreciation (First ed.). Ananda Marga Publications. ISBN 978-81-7252-260-5. OCLC 704229361.
- ^ a b "Friday Review Bangalore - Music for humanity". Bangalore, India: The Hindu. 2008-03-21. Retrieved 5 February 2013.
- ^ a b Biswas, Sailendra. "Samsad Bengali-English Dictionary" (in Bengali and English). Digital Dictionaries of South Asia. Retrieved 7 February 2013.
{{cite web}}: External link in|publisher= - ^ a b Sarkár, Shrii Prabhát Raiṋjan (2007-10-21). Prabhát Sauṋgiit (First Volume) (in Bengali) (Third ed.). Kolkata, India: Ananda Marga Publications. p. 1. ISBN 81-7252-255-X.
{{cite book}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help) - ^ Biswas, Sailendra. "Samsad Bengali-English Dictionary" (in Bengali and English). Digital Dictionaries of South Asia. Retrieved 7 February 2013.
{{cite web}}: External link in|publisher= - ^ a b Avadhuta, Acharya Divyachetananda (2009-06-19). "Friday Review Delhi - Songs of dawn". The Hindu. Retrieved 5 February 2013.
- ^ a b Sarkar, Subhas (2011-09-12). "Songs of a new dawn". The Times of India. Retrieved 2013-02-06.
- ^ "Prabhat Samgiita Divas celebrated". The Hindu. New Delhi. 2009-09-15. Retrieved 13 February 2013.
- ^ "Music and memories". The Hindu. 2007-06-15. Retrieved 1 February 2013.
- ^ "Metro cultural round-up". The Hindu. 2004-09-20. Retrieved 1 February 2013.
- ^ "Divine music that evokes blissful experience". The Times of India. 2009-09-27. Retrieved 1 February 2013.
- ^ Sarkar, Shrii Prabhat Ranjan (1987). Saḿgiita: Song, Dance and Instrumental Music (1st ed.). Kolkata, India: Ananda Marga Publications. ISBN 81-7252-250-9.
{{cite book}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help) - ^ "Top cultural icon feted". Afternoon (newspaper). 2011-06-07. Retrieved 5 February 2013.