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The Discipline of Organizing is a textbook coordinated by Robert J. Glushko. It is used as a manual in many of the academic centers of the international network of iSchools. First published by MIT Press in 2013 and revised until its fourth edition in 2016, it has been republished by other recognised orgnizations as O'Reilly or Berkeley University Press. It provides a proposal for information science as a cross-domain discipline about organizing any kind of stuff, specially those containing information that allows purposed interactions. It is well known also as "TDO Book", and was named the ASIS&T "information science book of the year" in 2014[1].

Overview

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The Discipline of Organizing is widely adopted as a learning resource in the studies of information science. It tries, in a forward-looking effort, to reframe insights from library science, information science, computer science, cognitive science, systems analysis, business, and other disciplines to create an Organizing System for understanding organizing. It discusses principles and methodologies for organizing any types of information and data. The book was developed through collaboration with experts and provides a systematic approach to organizational strategies in different contexts. Its principal authors are Robert J. Glushko, Jess Hemerly, Murray Maloney, Kimra McPherson, Robyn Perry, Vivien Petras, Ryan Shaw, and Erik Wilde, including also a broad group of minor collaborators. It is employed as either a primary or supplemental text in iSchools for courses such as Information Organization, Knowledge Management, Digital Collections, Information Architecture, Information Systems Design, Data Science, and other related disciplines. A key concept introduced in the book is that of an organization system, defined as "an intentionally arranged collection of resources and the interactions they support."[2] The key concepts used to frame the so-called discipline of organizint are: Organizing System, Resource, Collection, Intentional Arrangement, Organizing Principle, Agent, Interactions and, finally, Interaction Resource.

The 4th edition adds content to bridge between the foundations of organizing systems and the new statistical and computational techniques of data science because, as the authors states "at its core, data science is about how resources are described and organized". The last edition reframes many chapters, expanding the treatment of classification to include computational methods, and incorporates many new examples of data-driven resource selection, organization, maintenance, and personalization.

Editions and versions

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The work is released under the Creative Commons Non-Commercial license, which aligns with open access principles. This licensing choice allows for free distribution and use of the text under non-commercial conditions, promoting broader accessibility and knowledge sharing. Institutions such as the University of Berkeley, the Center for Open Education at the University of Minnesota, and the MIT have recognized the value of this open access approach, offering their own online full text editions.

Table of Contents

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It is a lengthy book (between 550-750 pages according to its different versions) organized into 12 chapters, which are as follows: I. Foundations for Organizing Systems II. Design Decisions in Organizing Systems III. Activities in Organizing Systems IV. Resources in Organizing Systems V. Resource Description and Metadata VI. Describing Relationships and Structures VII. Categorization: Describing Resource Classes and Types VIII. Classification: Assigning Resources to Categories IX. The Forms of Resource Descriptions X. Interactions with Resources XI. The Organizing System Roadmap XII. Case Studies

Along its first introductory chapter, each of its headings starts citing Elaine Svenonius classic monograph The Intellectual Foundation of Information Organization, as a way of recognition of it as a source of inspiration, specially its formulation of that "The effectiveness of a system for accessing information is a direct function of the intelligence put into organizing it".

Core Edition

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This edition encapsulates essential content, focusing on key principles and strategies for organizing information. It serves as a concise yet comprehensive guide for individuals seeking a foundational understanding of the discipline.

Professional Edition

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The professional edition expands upon the core content, providing additional depth and context through extensive bibliographic apparatus. It is tailored for professionals and researchers of different domains related with information management and organization.

Information Technology Edition

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Tailored specifically for professionals and students within the realm of information technology and computer science, this edition emphasizes the application of organizing principles within technological contexts. It addresses contemporary challenges and opportunities related to information management in digital environments, aligning its focus with data science and infomation systems.

TDO for kids

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In addition to these primary version, in 2023, The Discipline of Organizing has been adapted to cater to younger audiences with the development of a version for children (10-12 year aged). This adaptation aims to introduce foundational concepts of organization of information and other kind of useful stuffs in an accessible and engaging manner, fostering early literacy and awareness in the field.

Reception

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Many keynotes has been presented about the central proposal of this books from its first release[3]. ALA's Library Journal considers it " ambitious and well-written book", and states that it is "highly recommended to library and information science academics who incorporate the concept of organizing or organization into their courses"[4]. Computer scientist Jonathan Grudin praised that "this book arrives at the right time. It is more than a textbook — it defines and creates the field for which it is a text"[5]. Although its attempt to merge thw two domains of information organization and retrieval, it ends up more pronned to information retrieval, reflecting author's considerable expertise in information systems and service design[6].

Since its initial publication, The Discipline of Organizing has garnered widespread recognition and adoption within the academic and professional communities, but its intention of coin a new approach to information studies it's not fullfilled. Principles of organization and their conceptual components area included in many other research papers or learning resources, but without a change in the main focus of the information studies discourse. It may be recognised tha the book, as an innovative an ambitous work underscores the interdisciplinary nature of information science and reinforces the importance of systematic approaches to information organization in an increasingly complex and interconnected world. There is a partial translation to Spanish promoted by FESABID in 2021, that conver only three chapters[7], and also there is a full translation of the core version in Basque language (Spanish co-official language)[8]. It's a specialized work still referenced in the publications of its academic field, included as "highly influential" citation source[9]. It's also reviewed at mainstream social readings communities[10].

The Discipline of Organizing is a noble effort, but "it attempted to do a very difficult thing, and it did not succeed. It has not invented a new discipline" as some authors, as Marcia Bates, states. She has concerns to this work, based in the idea that a too generic scope in which "it has renamed and reorganized parts of several previous disciplines, without succeeding in conceptualizing information work in a powerful new way".[11]. Near ten years from its first release, theoretical authors of Information Science consider the scope of this work as a text book with a wide coverage of the topic of "Information organization"[12] and the focus in "resources" as manifested or registered information[13].

References

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  1. ^ Best Information Science Book Award Recipients ASIS&T website
  2. ^ Glushko, R.J. (2013), The discipline of organizing. Bul. Am. Soc. Info. Sci. Tech., 40: 21-27.
  3. ^ Glushko, Robert J.; Petras, Vivien; Shaw, Ryan. "The Discipline of Organizing in iSchools – Collaborative and Digitally Enhanced Teaching of a Core Subject". iConference 2014. iSchools. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
  4. ^ Ketcham, Susan E. (2013-10-01). "The discipline of organizing". Library Journal.
  5. ^ Grudin, Jonathan. "Foreword to The Discipline of Organizing". Microsoft Research. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
  6. ^ Sriborisutsakul, Somsak (2014). "Book Review: The Discipline of Organizing". Library Science Journal.
  7. ^ Saorin, Tomás (2022-04-20). "Organización de información: campo, técnica, disciplina… un manual de acogida interdisciplinar". Blok de BID. Universidad de Barcelona.
  8. ^ "ALDEE publica la traducción al euskera del libro de Robert J. Glushko: 'The discipline of organizing'". ALDEE. 2021-11-20.
  9. ^ "The discipline of organizing". Semantic Scholar. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
  10. ^ "The discipline of organizing". GoodReads. Retrieved 22 April 2024. Score 3.28, 141 ratings and 13 reviews
  11. ^ Bates, Marcia J. (2015), Book Review. J Assn Inf Sci Tec, 66: 432-436
  12. ^ Bawden, David; Robinson, Lyn (2022). "8". Introduction to Information Science (2th ed.). Facet Publishing. p. 134. ISBN 978-1-78330-496-7. IO is an extensive and complex subject in its own right, but fortunately it is covered by a wide range of textbooks, articles and web resources. Wide coverage of the whole topic is given by Gnoli (2020a), Joudrey and Taylor (2017) and Glushko (2013); also valuable are the articles in the growing online encyclopedia of knowledge organisation created by the International Society for Knowledge Organization (ISKO)
  13. ^ Petras, Vivien (2023). "The identity of information science". Journal of Documentation. ahead-of-print. doi:10.1108/JD-04-2023-0074.

See also

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