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Theater Freiburg

The Freiburg Theatre, sometimes also referred to as ‘Stadttheater Freiburg’ (Freiburg City Theatre), formerly called ‘Städtische Bühnen (urban stages) Freiburg’, is the oldest and biggest theatre in Freiburg im Breisgau. It is located on Bertoldstraße, a street at the edge of Freiburg's historic city centre. It unites four stages under one roof: The ‘Große Haus’ (main stage), the ‘Kleine Haus’ (small stage), the ‘Kammerbühne’ (chamber stage) and the ‘Werkraum’ (workshop). Additionally, the ‘Winterer Foyer’ hosts author readings, such as the ‘Litera-Tour’, chamber music concerts and evening lectures on current affairs, like the Dream School series. Since September 2005 the theatre is a publicly funded municipal organization (Eigentbetrieb) History Up until the first decades of the 19th century the theatre performances in Freiburg were mainly staged in the ‘Kornhaus’ on the cathedral square (‘Münsterplatz’), which later proved to be increasingly unsuitable for a “modern“ theatre. Thus the theater was later relocated to the church of the unoccupied monastery of the Augustinian hermits. The architect Christoph Arnold was instructed to redesign the building accordingly. In 1823 the new theatre was opened and the actors returned to the stage. In 1866 it was taken over by the town following a decision by the district council. The first season of the now called “Städtische Theater” opened with Lessing's ‘Emilia Galotti‘. The construction of today’s theatre building was started in 1905 under Otto Winterer, Lord Mayor of Freiburg.

It was designed by Berlin architect Heinrich Seeling and built in the neo-barock style on the grounds of the former ‘Dauphin’ bastion, part of Vauban's town fortifications. The architectural sculptures were modeled out of plaster by Hermann Feuerhahn and built by six sculptors from Freiburg: Julius Seitz, his students Louis Granget, Theodor Hengst and August Muessle, along with Ludwig Kubanek and colleague from Berlin, Albert Mayer. The building opened to the public on October 8th 1910 with performances of both ‘Wallenstein's Camp’ by Friedrich Schiller and ‘Festwiese’ from Richard Wagner's ‘Meistersinger von Nürnberg’. During World War I the number of performances were first reduced and then stopped completely on 14th of September 1915. 

On April 14th 1917 the south side of the theatre was damaged during an air raid. Performances started again in January of 1919. In 1936 a new stage, the ‘Kammerspiele’ (chamber plays), opened with the performance of ‘Der Brandner Kaspar schaut ins Paradies’ by Joseph Maria Lutz. In the summer of 1939, the auditorium was completely redesigned to fit the style of the time by Joseph Schlippe, head of the city’s department. In order to achieve a more simple style, most of the Art Nouveau stucco was removed. On September 1st 1944, the Freiburg Theatre, like all German theatres, was shut down. A few months later, in November, Freiburg was bombed and the theatre was damaged badly. Performances were resumed in October 1945 with ‘Nathan der Weise (Nathan the Wise)’ by Gotthold Ephraim Lessing. The plays were performed in any undamaged halls left in the city centre and in the Wiehre district. In 1946, the Chamber Theatre was relocated to the Wiehre district. Soon after the Second World War the original building was rebuilt by the Lord mayor Hoffmann. 120,000 German marks were raised through piano concerts hosted by the mayor himself, which were used to enable the fast reconstruction of the theater. The ‘Große Haus’ was able to reopen with the performance of Richard Wagner’s ‘Meistersingern von Nürnberg’ in December of 1949. The two cinemas ‘Kamera’ (today ‘Winterer-Foyer) and the ‘Kurbel’ (today ‘Kleines Haus’) were opened on the lower levels of the now simply rebuilt theater building.

The whole theatre was reconstructed in a relatively simple style compared to its pre-war appearance. Its lower levels played host to two new cinemas: the ‘Kamera’ (nowadays the ‘Winterer-Foyer’) and the ‘Kurbel’ (today’ Kleines Haus’). This new commercialized use was intended as a means to finance its renovation. The ‘Kammerspiele’ in the Wiehre district ended in 1958 and therefore the ‘Kammertheater’ opened in the Theater building on the Berthold street with Max Frisch’ ‘Biedermann und die Brandstifter’.

Evolutionary Aspects

(by Ragna and Adriano)

In the course of evolution a tendency to develop incrementally more complex brain structures and cortical densification can be observed. Cortical densification describes the increased shifting of control processes into the cerebral cortex.The motor cortex is a relatively young development and occurs only in mammals.The execution of movement in fish, amphibian, reptiles and also birds is regulated by a core part of the brain called Archistriatum, in mammals the corresponding part of the brain is called Striatum, which is also involved in the execution of movement.

Especially primates have a highly developed motor cortex. In addition, separating them from all other mammals, they have many monosynaptic, thus direct connections from the motor cortex to the motor neurons in the brain stem and spinal cord. This leads to the derivation, that only primates have a conscious, planned and finely graduated movement of single muscles, whereas the execution of movement for most other animals is probably more automatic and without the possibility of deliberate interference. In comparison to primates, ungulates have a relatively weakly developed pyramidal tract, which ends in the neck region of the spinal cord (Intumescencia cervicalis) and plays an important part in the production of facial expressions. As for dogs, while about 30% of the pyramidal fibres reach the loin region of the spinal cord (Intumescencia lumbalis), those fibres always end on interneurons, never directly on anterior horn cells.

Consequently, a complete impairment of the motor cortex in one hemisphere of the brain never leads to hemiplegia in non-primates, but rather to contralateral disorders concerning postural reflexes. Humans particularly increased control over their hands and articulatory muscles in their evolutionary development. Furthermore, humans have a uniquely high potential to learn new sequences of movement throughout their life.

Goethe-Nationalmuseum

(by Julia, Julie and Marcella)

The Goethe-Nationalmuseum is a museum devoted to the German author Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, in the town of Weimar in Germany. It was founded on 8 August 1885 as a result of the will of Goethe's last living heir, his grandson Walther von Goethe, who left the Goethe House to the state.

After the Land of Thuringia was formed, the Goethe-Nationalmuseum, along with several buildings that were erected during the classical age as well as the Weimar palaces, became the property of Thuringia. In the 1920s, more Weimar buildings were assigned to the Goethe-Nationalmuseum. In 1953, these buildings became the property of the “Nationale Forschungs- und Gedenkstätten der klassischen deutschen Literatur in Weimar, NFG” (national research establishments and memorials of the German classical literature in Weimar). Since October 1991, the Goethe-Nationalmuseum belongs to the “Klassik Stiftung Weimar” (foundation of Weimar classicism) which succeeded the NFG. It administers not only the main house but altogether 22 historical houses and museums throughout the entire Weimar municipal area and around it.

In Goethe's residential building, situated at the Weimar place "Frauenplan", visitors can have a look at the rooms in which he and his wife Christiane were living, at his study and library, the reception room, the rooms where the art collection was stored and the garden. In this house, there are also research facilities, including the so-called “Studiensaal”, an institution used during the age of Goethe which is similar to a congress or conference centre today and was also used as such.

The Goethe-Nationalmuseum consists of Goethe's residential building and the "Goethe-Museum". This museum is situated in an extension that was built in 1935 next to the house. The exhibits largely consist of Goethe's collections in the domains of arts and natural science as well as his library and about 2,000 drawings he did himself. Today, the stock comprises about 100,000 exhibits and focuses on the period of Weimar classicism.

Carolin, Julia, Jan

Großstadtrevier

Factsheet

Original Title Großstadtrevier Country of production Germany Original language German Original Run First aired 1986-present

                        December 16th, 1986 on Das Erste

Production company Studio Hamburg Running time 48 minutes Number of episodes 328+ in 26+ seasons Genre Crime Opening theme Großstadtrevier – Truck Stop Producer Wolfgang Henningsen Created by Jürgen Roland†

Großstadtrevier is a German television series, broadcast on Das Erste of the ARD. First aired on December 16th 1986, the show is one of the most popular television series in Germany. The latest season (25) has been aired since October 24th 2011. The show is produced by Studio Hamburg which has just finished shooting season 26. In 2005 the series has been awarded the Goldene Kamera in the people´s choice category. The series portrays the fictional daily life of the police officers from the so-called 14th police department in the Hamburg Kiez district of St. Pauli. Audience measurements have been decreasing lately.

Filming locations The building that represents the station of the 14th department in the series is located in Hamburg-Bahrenfeld at the intersection of Mendelsshohnstreet and Paul-Dessau-Street. Outside film shooting time, the offices of Studio Hamburg Produktion GmbH which produces Großstadtrevier are situated in the red brick building. Other main sites of the series are the Reeperbahn, Sankt Michaelis as well as St.Pauli-Landungsbrücke. Some episodes are set outside of Hamburg. Episode 300, for example, which aired on January, 10, 2011, was set in Bad Segewerk. In the wings of the open-air theatre at Kalkberg, where the Karl May Festival usually takes place, the episode was designed as a Western. Furthermore, some episodes were filmed in the inn Weißer Hirsch (en.: white stag) at Gut Rundhof (the estate “Rundhof”).

Trivia • The rough-and-ready chief detective Richard Block (played by Arthur Brauss), the first service associate of Ellen Wegener, has let himself transfer to Schwerin in episode 36, where he was promoted to the status of a commissioner. • Ellen Wegener (played by Mareike Carrière) was the first female police officer in Großstadtrevier. At the beginning of season 8 she accepted a marriage proposal from colleague Dirk Matthies (Jan Fedder), but dies in episode 62 (Ellens Abschied 2). In episode 61 (Ellens Abschied 1) a pharmacist, the lover of a suspect, has handed her a poisoned tea. • In the series, Jan Fedder initially appeared as police reporter, until he became Wegeners new service associate Dirk Matthies in episode 37. He also had cameo-appearances as noisy tenant Holger Pohl in episode 3 and as an accident victim in episode 34. In episode 243 (season 21) he unwillingly assumed Bernd Voss (Wilfried Dziallas) as head of the department, after Voss retired. Before, Matthies has become ineligible for the work in the field as he suffered from a stiff leg which was caused by a bullet wound. In season 23, he voluntarily leaves his executive chair for Ms. Küppers (Saskia Fischer), who has thus become the new chief of police department 14; Matthies is now back in the beloved field (and receives more attention in the Großstadtrevier-episodes, corresponding to the will of the viewers) • After 17 years in service Dietmar Steiner (Edgar Hoppe) and the head of the department Rolf Bogner (Peter Neusser) left the series in May 2003. The latter wanted to devote to the nurture of his injured spouse; Bernd Voss (Wilfried Dziallas) succeeded his position in episode 193 (season 18). • Kay Sabban, playing motorcycle office Neidhardt Köhler died of pulmonary embolism during the shooting of episode 55 (Zapfenstreich) • The role of Lothar Krüger has been performed interruptedly by two different actors (1986-1993 by Mischa Neutze, since 1995 by Peter Heinrich Brix (episode 85: Der Funkspruch). However, Lothar Krüger´s role has only been relevant in episodes 1 to 36 and when it was adapted by Brix. Between episodes 37 and 48, Neutze rather served as an extra; while in episode 49 Brix had a cameo as cab driver and in episode 50 as store detective. • Peter Heinrich Brix, Wilfried Dziallas, Till Demtrøder and Maria Ketikidou also had cameos in Großstadtrevier, before they belonged to the permanent staff. The same goes for Wilfried Dziallas, after he was discarded from the permanent staff. • Director Jürgen Roland and the band Truck Stop, who perform the title song, can also be seen in cameo-appearances. • Often recurring characters are the arrogant detective superintendent Iversen, played by Lutz Mackensy, as well as the Kiez-Bartender „Big Harry“, played by Harry Schmidt. The sporadically occurring chief Ms. Küppers has had more continuous appearances since season 23 as chief of the police department. • Norbert Eberlein, who has written some of the episodes, has also written the stories of the NDR-series Neues aus Büttenwarder, in which Peter Heinrich Brix and Jan Fedder also play the main characters. Those were also directed by Guido Pieters. • Several policemen who play a character in the TV series are real police officers in Hamburg. • The police cars of the TV series are mostly models of the BMW 5 Series. In the course of time, they additionally used models of the series E28, E34, E39 and E60. Throughout the first episodes Ford models have also been used.Lutz Mackensy was firstly seen in the 3rd episode. He used to be the criminal investigation officer Christian “Chris” Lang until episode 32. Only starting at episode 36, he played the detective inspector (later criminal counselor) Iversen. However, his character was the same from its very first appearance. He left the series in episode 219 and played a total of 86 episodes. • The police officers of the 14th district are wearing new (blue) uniforms and have new patrol cars (also blue) since the beginning of the 21st Season (2007). • The first name of Mrs. Küppers is never mentioned in any of the episodes. However, there was a best-of-summary of former episodes, between season 22 and 23, entitled: “News from the Großstadtrevier”. The table of content of the mentioned episodes lists the name of Mrs. Küppers as Regina. • Großmaulrevier is a parody of the Großstadtrevier, which is presented regularly in episodes of the comedy show “Dennis und Jesko”. • In 2009, the Großstadtrevier was sold to the Italian TV channel RAI UNO. The series was broadcasted under the title “14° Distretto” every morning for some time. • Jan Fedder and Anja Nejarri are the only actors that had a double role yet, each in one episode. Jan Fedder additionally plays an unsuccessful actor in the episode “The double Matthies”, who creates chaos. Anja Nejarri mimed the corpse of a woman in “Fallen angel” in addition to her role as Katja Metz, who had lost her life in a car accident.

Soft cover book In September 2007 a soft cover book based on the series with the title Chefsache (en.: matter of the boss) was published. The book was written by Jan Michaelis and a production photograph of the TV series was used as cover picture. Initially, the book should have been published yearly, but the production was stopped after the first book. Remaining copies that hadn’t been sold were available until 2009. Two years later, in September of 2009, another soft cover book was released, entitled Das 14. Revier (en.: the 14th department). The thin book was written by Matthias Röhe and contained photos of the set and actors. The entrance of the 14th department was used as cover photo. Since October, 2010 the book Peter 14/2 auf Streife (en.: Peter 14/2 on the beat) is available. It is the updated edition of the book Das 14. Revier. The patrol car with the paging name Peter 14/2 is placed on the cover. In July, 2011 “Die Kultbullen aus Hamburg” (en.: The iconic cops from Hamburg) was published when the Großstadtrevier celebrated its 25th anniversary as a reference book about Germany’s oldest police series. All leading actors since 1986 are introduced, deaths during the last 25 years are sketched and an extensive photo gallery is added. The entrance of the 14th department can be seen on the cover.

Hardcover The first novel entitled Wachgeküsst (en.: Kissed awake) was published in 2003 and is based on episode 184 Auf schmalem Grat (en.: On the fine line). It was written by Jan Schröter who also wrote Schattengeister (en.: Shadow ghosts), which was published in 2004. The latter is based on episode 194 entitled Eiskalt erwischt (en.: Caught off guard). Both novels contain an additional framework plot.

Awards 2005: Golden Camera as best iconic series 2011: Polizeistern Hamburg

(Sonja, Nina, Leonie)

Translation: Karlheinz Böhm

Karlheinz Böhm (born 16 March 1928 in Darmstadt), sometimes referred to as Carl Boehm or Karl Boehm, is an Austrian actor and the only child of (the) soprano Thea Linhard and conductor Karl Böhm. Böhm took part in 45 films and became famous in Germany for his role as Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria in the three Sissi movies and internationally for his role as Mark, the psychopathic protagonist of Peeping Tom, directed by Michael Powell. He is the founder of the trust Menschen für Menschen (“Humans for Humans”), which helps people in need in Ethiopia. He also received the Ethiopian honorary citizenship in 2003.

Life

Although having two citizenships, he sees himself as world citizen: His father was born in Graz, his mother in Munich and today he lives in Grödig near Salzburg. He spent his youth in Damstadt, Hamburg and Dresden. In Hamburg he attended (the) elementary school and the Kepler-Gymnasium (a grammar school). A false medical certificate enabled him to emigrate to Switzerland in 1939, where he attendet the Lyceum Alpinum Zuoz, a boarding school.

In 1946 he moved to Graz with his parents, where he graduated from high school the same year. He originally intended to become a pianist but got poor feedback when he auditioned. Forced by his father, he studied English and German language and literature studies. After the following study of history of arts for one semester in Rome, he quit and returned to Vienna to take acting lessons (with/by??) Prof. Helmut Krauss.

From 1948 to 1976 he worked as a successful actor and participated in about 45 films and also in the theater. With Romy Schneider, he starred in the three Sissi films as the Emperor Franz Joseph which limited him to one specific genre as an actor.

Anja, Ken, Tanja

Adolf Hitler Schools

Selection of pupils

Each Gauleiter had to take into account the following criteria for the selection of suitable pupils:

• The Hitler Youth assessed the boys for leadership qualities: The boys had to prove that they had already excelled as leaders among their peers.

• The boys had to prove the racial purity of their ancestors: The certificate of family lineage had to reach back to January 1st, 1800.

• The boys had to be absolutely healthy.

• The family lineage of the boys had to be free of any genetic diseases.

• The parents of the boys had to be active members of the NSDAP or one of the party´s sub-organizations.

In 1938, these criteria were specified by Kurt Petter, the inspector of the AHS. He defined the technical and qualitative procedure for the assessments. Besides cognitive skills, emphasis was now put on social competences (e.g. team work, companionship and cooperativeness).

Eichstetten am Kaiserstuhl

Geography

Eichstetten is a town in South Baden that produces wine. It is located in the Upper Rhine Plain on the eastern edge of the Kaiserstuhl. It can be found in the warmest area of Germany embedded in a valley, which stretches from the wooded Eichelspitze (the second highest hill in the Kaiserstuhl) along sunny vineyards and vegetable fields right down to the lowland. The Alte Dreisam River flows through the town on the edge of the Kaiserstuhl. As the crow flies Eichstetten is located about 3.5 kilometres from the Bundesautobahn 5 (motorway connecting Karlsruhe and Basel). There is also a regular train connection to the Kaiserstuhl Railway which calls at the village every half an hour on workdays. With this train it is a 15 minute journey into Freiburg city center. The two farms Au(stucken)mühle and Herrenmühle also belong to the Eichstetten area. [2]

History

There is evidence of people living in the Eichstetten area as early as the Stone Age. Remains of a Villa rustica from the roman era (3rd century) as well as finds from Allemannic burial sites (around 600 AD) prove that people settled here a very long time ago. Eichstetten is mentioned for the first time in the year 737 in a document relating to the Murbach Abbey. The settlement was established by the Alemanni, which is alluded to by the suffix “stetten” (place), and the existence of the Lords of Eichstetten was first documented in the 12th century. In the year 1446 Eichstetten became part of Margraviate of Baden, and as a result of the Reformation in 1556 became protestant. The Thirty Years´ War caused an enormous decline in population: by about 1659 there were only 110 people living here. Around 1850 the population had reached 2,860, but decreased considerably over the following years due to emigration to America. As are result of immigration in the 18th century a significant Jewish community emerged. In 1828 a synagogue was built, which was later burnt down and then demolished during the Kristalnacht by non-residential members of the SA and SS. The remaining Jews were deported in 1940 to the Gurs internment camp. The addition of am Kaiserstuhl in the town’s name was adopted on 1st October 1997.