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User:Timothy2b/sandbox GSC Southern Europe

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Turkey

[edit]

Istanbul

[edit]
Istanbul
Climate chart (explanation)
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
 
 
100
 
 
1
−5
 
 
82
 
 
1
−5
 
 
69
 
 
5
−2
 
 
43
 
 
14
6
 
 
32
 
 
21
13
 
 
41
 
 
28
20
 
 
40
 
 
30
23
 
 
42
 
 
30
23
 
 
64
 
 
25
18
 
 
102
 
 
17
11
 
 
110
 
 
8
3
 
 
125
 
 
2
−3
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
█ Precipitation totals in mm
Source: NOAA[1]
Imperial conversion
JFMAMJJASOND
 
 
3.9
 
 
33
24
 
 
3.2
 
 
33
23
 
 
2.7
 
 
41
29
 
 
1.7
 
 
56
42
 
 
1.2
 
 
70
56
 
 
1.6
 
 
82
67
 
 
1.6
 
 
86
73
 
 
1.6
 
 
86
74
 
 
2.5
 
 
77
64
 
 
4
 
 
63
52
 
 
4.3
 
 
47
37
 
 
4.9
 
 
36
28
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█ Precipitation totals in inches
Climate data for Kireçburnu, Istanbul (normals 1981–2010, extremes 1929–2018, snowy days 1996-2011)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 14.4
(57.9) 		18.6
(65.5) 		23.3
(73.9) 		31.6
(88.9) 		37.4
(99.3) 		43.2
(109.8) 		44.5
(112.1) 		43.5
(110.3) 		40.6
(105.1) 		32.2
(90.0) 		21.8
(71.2) 		17.5
(63.5) 		41.5
(106.7)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 0.5
(32.9) 		0.7
(33.3) 		4.9
(40.8) 		13.5
(56.3) 		21.1
(70.0) 		28.0
(82.4) 		29.9
(85.8) 		30.2
(86.4) 		24.8
(76.6) 		17.2
(63.0) 		8.2
(46.8) 		2.4
(36.3) 		15.1
(59.2)
Daily mean °C (°F) −2.2
(28.0) 		−2.5
(27.5) 		1.3
(34.3) 		9.2
(48.6) 		16.7
(62.1) 		23.5
(74.3) 		25.9
(78.6) 		26.4
(79.5) 		20.9
(69.6) 		13.8
(56.8) 		5.0
(41.0) 		−0.2
(31.6) 		11.5
(52.7)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −4.5
(23.9) 		−5.1
(22.8) 		−1.6
(29.1) 		5.8
(42.4) 		13.2
(55.8) 		19.7
(67.5) 		22.7
(72.9) 		23.4
(74.1) 		17.8
(64.0) 		11.2
(52.2) 		2.5
(36.5) 		−2.5
(27.5) 		8.5
(47.4)
Record low °C (°F) −21.9
(−7.4) 		−24.1
(−11.4) 		−17.1
(1.2) 		−4.0
(24.8) 		2.4
(36.3) 		10.1
(50.2) 		13.5
(56.3) 		13.2
(55.8) 		7.0
(44.6) 		−1.4
(29.5) 		−13.2
(8.2) 		−19.5
(−3.1) 		−24.1
(−11.4)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 99.5
(3.92) 		82.1
(3.23) 		69.2
(2.72) 		43.1
(1.70) 		31.5
(1.24) 		40.6
(1.60) 		39.6
(1.56) 		41.9
(1.65) 		64.4
(2.54) 		102.3
(4.03) 		110.3
(4.34) 		125.1
(4.93) 		849.6
(33.45)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 58.4
(23.0) 		59.1
(23.3) 		19.9
(7.8) 		trace 0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		2.8
(1.1) 		34.1
(13.4) 		174.3
(68.6)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 16.9 15.2 13.2 10.0 7.4 7.0 4.7 5.1 8.1 12.3 13.9 17.5 131.3
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 cm) 12.5 12.7 5.9 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.3 10.7 43.4
Mean monthly sunshine hours 68.2 89.6 142.6 180.0 248.0 297.6 319.3 288.3 234.0 158.1 93.0 62.0 2,180.7
Mean daily sunshine hours 2.2 3.2 4.6 6.0 8.0 9.6 10.3 9.3 7.8 5.1 3.1 2.0 5.9
Mean daily daylight hours 10 11 12 13 14 15 15 14 12 11 10 9 12
Percent possible sunshine 22 29 38 46 57 64 69 66 65 46 31 22 46
Average ultraviolet index 2 2 4 5 7 8 9 8 6 4 2 1 5
Source: [2][3][4]

Serbia

[edit]

Belgrade - Humid continental (Dfa)

[edit]
Belgrade
Climate chart (explanation)
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
 
 
48
 
 
−3
−9
 
 
42
 
 
0
−7
 
 
49
 
 
7
−2
 
 
51
 
 
17
7
 
 
72
 
 
24
13
 
 
94
 
 
28
18
 
 
66
 
 
31
20
 
 
59
 
 
31
20
 
 
56
 
 
25
14
 
 
56
 
 
17
8
 
 
48
 
 
6
−1
 
 
53
 
 
−2
−7
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
█ Precipitation totals in mm
Source: NOAA[5]
Imperial conversion
JFMAMJJASOND
 
 
1.9
 
 
27
17
 
 
1.7
 
 
31
19
 
 
1.9
 
 
45
29
 
 
2
 
 
62
44
 
 
2.8
 
 
75
56
 
 
3.7
 
 
83
64
 
 
2.6
 
 
87
67
 
 
2.3
 
 
87
67
 
 
2.2
 
 
76
58
 
 
2.2
 
 
62
46
 
 
1.9
 
 
43
31
 
 
2.1
 
 
28
19
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█ Precipitation totals in inches
Climate data for Belgrade (1991–2020, extremes 1936–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 12.7
(54.9) 		15.9
(60.6) 		24.0
(75.2) 		30.4
(86.7) 		34.9
(94.8) 		38.4
(101.1) 		44.6
(112.3) 		41.0
(105.8) 		41.8
(107.2) 		31.7
(89.1) 		22.4
(72.3) 		14.6
(58.3) 		44.6
(112.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −2.8
(27.0) 		−0.3
(31.5) 		7.1
(44.8) 		16.9
(62.4) 		23.8
(74.8) 		28.4
(83.1) 		30.7
(87.3) 		30.8
(87.4) 		24.5
(76.1) 		16.8
(62.2) 		6.2
(43.2) 		−2.0
(28.4) 		15.0
(59.0)
Daily mean °C (°F) −6.1
(21.0) 		−4.2
(24.4) 		2.2
(36.0) 		11.5
(52.7) 		18.1
(64.6) 		22.8
(73.0) 		25.7
(78.3) 		25.7
(78.3) 		18.6
(65.5) 		11.3
(52.3) 		2.1
(35.8) 		−5.1
(22.8) 		10.2
(50.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −8.5
(16.7) 		−7.3
(18.9) 		−1.7
(28.9) 		6.9
(44.4) 		13.4
(56.1) 		18.0
(64.4) 		19.6
(67.3) 		19.6
(67.3) 		14.3
(57.7) 		7.7
(45.9) 		−0.7
(30.7) 		−7.4
(18.7) 		6.2
(43.1)
Record low °C (°F) −32.5
(−26.5) 		−28.5
(−19.3) 		−18.4
(−1.1) 		−5.4
(22.3) 		1.4
(34.5) 		7.6
(45.7) 		11.3
(52.3) 		9.7
(49.5) 		1.6
(34.9) 		−8.9
(16.0) 		−14.3
(6.3) 		−23.8
(−10.8) 		−32.5
(−26.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 48
(1.9) 		42
(1.7) 		49
(1.9) 		51
(2.0) 		72
(2.8) 		94
(3.7) 		66
(2.6) 		59
(2.3) 		56
(2.2) 		56
(2.2) 		48
(1.9) 		53
(2.1) 		694
(27.3)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 13 12 11 13 13 13 10 9 10 10 12 14 139
Average snowy days 12 9 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 12 41
Average relative humidity (%) 78 71 63 61 61 63 61 61 67 71 75 79 68
Mean monthly sunshine hours 86.6 122.0 183.8 225.7 290.6 313.1 349.0 328.8 245.2 195.7 116.4 77.4 2,534.3
Average ultraviolet index 1 2 3 5 7 8 8 7 5 3 2 1 4
Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net,[6] Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia[7]
Source 2: Weather Atlas (UV),[8] Meteo Climat (record highs and lows)[9]
  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference Istanbul Weatherbox NOAA txt was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference mgm2020 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ "Rivista Ligure di Meteorologia 44 - La neve sulle coste del Mediterraneo". www.nimbus.it. Retrieved 2021-06-03.
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference WeatherAtlas was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference Belgrade Weatherbox NOAA txt was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ "Belgrade Climate". pogoda.ru.net. Retrieved 9 November 2021.
  7. ^ "Monthly and annual means, maximum and minimum values of meteorological elements for the period 1981–2010" (in Serbian). Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia. Retrieved February 25, 2017.
  8. ^ d.o.o, Yu Media Group. "Belgrade, Serbia – Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast". Weather Atlas. Retrieved 3 July 2019.
  9. ^ "Station Belgrade–Triche" (in French). Meteo Climat. Retrieved 18 December 2019.
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