User:Tiffanyzhang98/sandbox

Contents

• 1Examples
  • 1.1Abbasid gardens
  • 1.2Mughal Gardens (see other page)
  • 1.3Hammadid gardens
  • 1.4Ottoman gardens
  • 1.5Modern gardens
  • 1.6Iran
  • 1.7Egypt
  • 1.8Spain
  • 1.9India
  • 1.10Pakistan
  • 1.11Algeria
  • 1.12Albania
• 2Surviving gardens[edit]
  • 2.1Albania[edit]
  • 2.2Algeria[edit]
  • 2.3The Shalimar gardens[edit]
    • 2.3.1Shalimar Gardens, Lahore[edit]
  • 2.4Andalusian Spain[edit]
  • 2.5Al-Azhar park, Cairo[edit]

Examples[edit source]

search images of these examples to be added later to the article

by time

Abbasid gardens[edit source]

Generalife, Granada

Alcazaba, Malaga

Mughal Gardens (see other page)[edit source]

Shalimar Gardens, Lahore

Hammadid gardens[edit source]

Dar al-Bahr, Qal'a Bani Hammad

Beni Hammad, Algeria: Dar al-Bahr, the Lake Palace, is situated on the southern end of Beni Hammad Fort, a ruined fortified city which was built by the Hammadid dynasty and has remained uninhabited for 800 years. Artifacts recovered from the site attest to a high degree of civilization. During its time, it was remarked upon by visitors for the nautical spectacles enacted in its large pool (67x 47m). Surrounding the pool and the palace were terraces, courtyards and gardens. Little is known of the details of these gardens, other than the lion motifs carved in their stone fountains. The terrace built above the pool and gardens allows spectators to gain an enjoyable experience looking at scene of gardens and lake simultaneously. Beni Hammad Fort is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, noted as an "authentic picture of a fortified Muslim city."

Ottoman gardens[edit source]

Berat and Elbasan, Albania

Evliya Çelebi's 17th century CE Seyahatname (travel book) contains descriptions of Paradise Gardens around the towns of Berat and Elbasan, Albania. According to Dr. Robert Elsie, an expert on Albanian culture, very few traces of the refined oriental culture of the Ottoman era remain here today. Çelebi describes the town of Berat as an open town with "well built and attractive houses with gardens", "spread over seven verdant hills and valleys. Among them are over 100 splendid mansions with cisterns and fountains".  Çelebi similarly describes the town of Elbasan as having "prosperous and cheerful-looking mansions ... adorned with beautiful vineyards, paradisiacal gardens and parks with their pavilions and galleries ... Each of them has a source of pure flowing water, a pool and a fountain with water spurting from jets. They are luxurious dwellings like those in the gardens of paradise.

Modern gardens[edit source]

Al-Azhar Park, Cairo

or by place

Iran[edit source]

Chihil Situn, Isfahan

Shah-Gul Garden, Tabriz

This garden, also called the "Royal Basin," is built by one of the wealth families or ruling class in Iran during the Qajar period. It was built in 1785, a period when Tabriz became a popular location for upper class in Iran to build their own country estates. The whole place is centered around a square lake about 11acres. On the south side of the lake, fruit trees surround it, and seven risen stepped terraces originate from these rows of trees. A modern pavilion was built on an eighteenth-century platform at the center of the lake. This garden is one of the few gardens still surviving in Tabriz.

(adding more information later from more sources)

Egypt[edit source]

Al-Azhar Park, Cairo

Morocco [edit source]

Chella Necropolis, Rabat

Al-Badi' Palace, Marrakesh

Spain[edit source]

Generalife, Granada

Alcazaba, Malaga

Turkey[edit source]

Karabali Garden, Istanbul

India[edit source]

Bagh-i Jud, Delhi (Lodi Gardens)

Red Fort, Delhi

Pakistan[edit source]

Shalimar Gardens, Lahore

Algeria[edit source]

Dar al-Bahr, Qal'a Bani Hammad

Beni Hammad, Algeria: Dar al-Bahr, the Lake Palace, is situated on the southern end of Beni Hammad Fort, a ruined fortified city which was built by the Hammadid dynasty and has remained uninhabited for 800 years. Artifacts recovered from the site attest to a high degree of civilization. During its time, it was remarked upon by visitors for the nautical spectacles enacted in its large pool (67x 47m). Surrounding the pool and the palace were terraces, courtyards and gardens. Little is known of the details of these gardens, other than the lion motifs carved in their stone fountains. The terrace built above the pool and gardens allows spectators to gain an enjoyable experience looking at scene of gardens and lake simultaneously. Beni Hammad Fort is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, noted as an "authentic picture of a fortified Muslim city."

Albania[edit source]

Berat and Elbasan, Albania

Evliya Çelebi's 17th century CE Seyahatname (travel book) contains descriptions of Paradise Gardens around the towns of Berat and Elbasan, Albania. According to Dr. Robert Elsie, an expert on Albanian culture, very few traces of the refined oriental culture of the Ottoman era remain here today. Çelebi describes the town of Berat as an open town with "well built and attractive houses with gardens", "spread over seven verdant hills and valleys. Among them are over 100 splendid mansions with cisterns and fountains".  Çelebi similarly describes the town of Elbasan as having "prosperous and cheerful-looking mansions ... adorned with beautiful vineyards, paradisiacal gardens and parks with their pavilions and galleries ... Each of them has a source of pure flowing water, a pool and a fountain with water spurting from jets. They are luxurious dwellings like those in the gardens of paradise.

Surviving gardens[edit][edit source]

Many of the gardens of Islamic civilization no longer exist today. While most others may retain their forms, the original plantings have been replaced with modern ones. The garden is a transient form of architectural art dependent upon the climate and the resources available to those who care for it. As previously mentioned, there was a lack of botanical accuracy on written text to properly replenish the agriculture exactly as it was from previous gardens.

Albania[edit][edit source]

Evliya Çelebi's 17th century CE Seyahatname (travel book) contains descriptions of Paradise Gardens around the towns of Berat and Elbasan, Albania. According to Dr. Robert Elsie, an expert on Albanian culture, very few traces of the refined oriental culture of the Ottoman era remain here today. Çelebi describes the town of Berat as an open town with "well built and attractive houses with gardens", "spread over seven verdant hills and valleys. Among them are over 100 splendid mansions with cisterns and fountains".  Çelebi similarly describes the town of Elbasan as having "prosperous and cheerful-looking mansions ... adorned with beautiful vineyards, paradisiacal gardens and parks with their pavilions and galleries ... Each of them has a source of pure flowing water, a pool and a fountain with water spurting from jets. They are luxurious dwellings like those in the gardens of paradise.

The source for this section is ok, but it needs to be edited and more materials added. Maybe it should go under a larger heading of Ottoman gardens?

Algeria[edit][edit source]

Dar al-Bahr, the Lake Palace, is situated on the southern end of Beni Hammad Fort, a ruined fortified city which has remained uninhabited for 800 years. Artifacts recovered from the site attest to a high degree of civilization. During its time, it was remarked upon by visitors for the nautical spectacles enacted in its large pool. Surrounding the pool and the palace were terraces, courtyards and gardens. Little is known of the details of these gardens, other than the lion motifs carved in their stone fountains. Beni Hammad Fort is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, noted as an "authentic picture of a fortified Muslim city."

The source is good and could be used to expand on a lot of the examples, but the Algeria subheading has more information than is in the cited source.

The Shalimar gardens[edit][edit source]

The name Shalimar is thought to mean, among other things, "abode of bliss" or "light of the moon". There were originally three gardens with the name Shalimar: one in Lahore, Pakistan, another in Jammu Kashmir, India and finally one, located in Delhi, India which has completely disappeared.

This heading makes no sense since the similarity of the gardens' names is apparently coincidental (?).

Shalimar Gardens, Lahore[edit][edit source]

Shalimar Gardens, Lahore, was built by the governor of Lahore, with funds supplied by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan, beginning in 1641 CE. The water is supplied by a canal dug from the nearby Ravi river. Built in the Mughal style, it is surrounded by high walls with towers in the corners. The inner face of the walls have traces of frescoes done in floral patterns. The canal passes through the gardens, which are constructed on three separate terraces at different elevations. The garden terraces are laid out in the traditional "paradise" motif of four channels converging on a central fountain, and cover a total of forty acres.

Andalusian Spain[edit][edit source]

Gardens found in Andalusia were common found in homes. Andalusian designs emphasized privacy and coolness, with rooms opening onto a roofed, open corridor. Next to this corridor, one would typically find a verdant patio garden complete with central fountain. Examples of these gardens include the Generalife gardens and the Alcazaba gardens.

Al-Azhar park, Cairo[edit][edit source]

Al-Azhar Park is a modern-day landmark in Cairo, Egypt. It is laid out along a central series of terraced, formal Islamic gardens. Multicolored Mamluk stonework, fountains and Islamic geometric patterns are the predominating stylistic theme of the park.

This garden is modern, so the title "surviving" is inaccurate.