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Historical timeline of Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and related states

[edit]
Year Cambodia Laos Myanmar Thailand
8000 - 3000 BCE Mesolithic period, as per the the archaeology sites in Kanchanaburi, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Rai, Lopburi, and Ratchaburi.[1]
4000 BCE ตัวอย่าง ตัวอย่าง ตัวอย่าง Beginning of Indianization, as per the archaeology evidence founded in Ban Don Ta Phet [th] and Khao Sam Kaeo in the present-day west central Thailand.[2]
3000 BCE - 1st century CE ตัวอย่าง ตัวอย่าง ตัวอย่าง Evidences related to Neolithic age founded in Kanchanaburi, Lopburi, Ratchaburi, Khon Kaen, Nakhon Ratchasima, etc.[1][3][4]
2000 - 1000 BCE Northeastern Thailand entered the Bronze Age.[5][6][7][8][9]
500 BCE Southwest Isan entered the Iron Age. See also: Ban Non Wat[10]
100 BCE Chi Tu kingdom was established in deep southern Thailand and East Northern Malaysia by kit mow (Mon-Khmer) peoples who sailed from the east coast of the present Gulf of Thailand.[11]
1st century CE Early: Funan was established by an Indian Brahmin merchant from ancient Kalinga,[12][13] which was support by the genetic study published in 2022.[14]

68 CE: Soma of Nāga clan enthroned as the first ruler of Funan.
Late: Kaundinya I became the second ruler of Funan.

ตัวอย่าง ตัวอย่าง Present-day western Thailand entered the Bronze Age.[1]
2nd century 225–250: Su-Wu became an King Fan Chan of Funan representative in Kalinga during the reign of King Dhamadamadhara of Murunda dynasty.[15][16] ตัวอย่าง ตัวอย่าง ตัวอย่าง
3rd century ตัวอย่าง ตัวอย่าง ตัวอย่าง Pan Pan Kingdom was established in southern Thailand and Northeastern peninsular Malaysia.[17][18]
4th century 410: King Kaundinya II of Funan's Varman dynasty married to Queen Kulaprabhavati, the son was born to her later became King Jayavarman Kaundinya.[19]

434: King Kaundinya II died.[19]
484: King Jayavarman Kaundinya enthroned.[20]

ตัวอย่าง ตัวอย่าง ตัวอย่าง
5th century 514: King Jayavarman Kaundinya of Funan was murded by his eldest son, Rudravarman.[21] ตัวอย่าง ตัวอย่าง ตัวอย่าง
7th century The legendary couple, Kambu and Mera, established a new Ankorian lineage, the Suryavarman.[22] And the former ruler families of Funan were banished and fled to Pan Pan.[23] ตัวอย่าง ตัวอย่าง
8th century Pan Pan was conquered by Srivijaya under the leadership of Dharmasetu.[24]
Chi Tu and Tan-tan kingdoms was merged to create Srivijaya.[23]
Befo

Reference

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  1. ^ a b c "กว่าจะมาเป็นไทย" (in Thai). 28 June 2013. Retrieved 30 October 2023 – via Archive Today.
  2. ^ Glover, I. C.; Bellina, B. (2011). "Ban Don Ta Phet and Khao Sam Kaeo: The Earliest Indian Contacts Re-assessed". Early Interactions between South and Southeast Asia. Vol. 2. pp. 17–45. doi:10.1355/9789814311175-005. ISBN 978-981-4345-10-1.
  3. ^ Horton, Helena (6 June 2022). "Chickens were first tempted down from trees by rice, research suggests". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 6 June 2022. Retrieved 6 June 2022.
  4. ^ "New evidence about when, where, and how chickens were domesticated". phys.org. 6 June 2022. Archived from the original on 6 June 2022. Retrieved 6 June 2022.
  5. ^ Higham, Charles F.W.; Douka, Katerina.; Higham, Thomas F.G. (2015). "A New Chronology for the Bronze Age of Northeastern Thailand and Its Implications for Southeast Asian Prehistory" (PDF). PLOS ONE. 10 (9): e0137542. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0137542. PMC 4575132. PMID 26384011.
  6. ^ "White, J.C. 2008 Dating Early Bronze at Ban Chiang, Thailand. In From Homo erectus to the Living Traditions. Pautreau, J.-P.; Coupey, A.-S.; Zeitoun, V.; Rambault, E., editors. European Association of Southeast Asian Archaeologists, Chiang Mai, pp. 91-104" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-08. Retrieved 2012-04-24.
  7. ^ White, J.C. (1986). A Revision of the Chronology of Ban Chiang and Its Implications for the Prehistory of Northeast Thailand. Dissertation: University of Pennsylvania.
  8. ^ Dating early bronze at Ban Chiang, Thailand (PDF). Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228348482_Dating_early_bronze_at_Ban_Chiang_Thailand [accessed May 2, 2017]
  9. ^ Higham, Charles (2011). "The Bronze Age of Southeast Asia: New Insight on Social Change from Ban Non Wat". Cambridge Archaeological Journal. 21 (3): 365–389. doi:10.1017/S0959774311000424. ISSN 0959-7743. S2CID 162729367.
  10. ^ Higham, Charles; Higham, Thomas (2009-03-01). "A new chronological framework for prehistoric Southeast Asia, based on a Bayesian model from Ban Non Wat". Antiquity. 83 (319): 125–144. doi:10.1017/s0003598x00098136. ISSN 0003-598X. S2CID 162486392.
  11. ^ Abu Talib Ahmad (2014). Museums, History and Culture in Malaysia. NUS Press. pp. 61–62. ISBN 978-99-716-9819-5.
  12. ^ Coedès, George (1968). Walter F. Vella (ed.). The Indianized States of Southeast Asia. trans.Susan Brown Cowing. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-0368-1.
  13. ^ Chad Raymond (2005), "Regional Geographic Influence on Two Khmer Polities", Journal of Third World Studies, 22 (1), University Press of Florida: 135–150, JSTOR 45194224, retrieved 31 March 2021
  14. ^ Changmai, Piya; Pinhasi, Ron; Pietrusewsky, Michael; Stark, Miriam T.; Ikehara-Quebral, Rona Michi; Reich, David; Flegontov, Pavel (2022-12-29). "Ancient DNA from Protohistoric Period Cambodia indicates that South Asians admixed with local populations as early as 1st–3rd centuries CE". Scientific Reports. 12 (1): 22507. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-26799-3. ISSN 2045-2322.
  15. ^ Pelliot, Paul (1903). "Le Fou-nan". Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient (in French). 3: 292. doi:10.3406/befeo.1903.1216. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
  16. ^ Coedès, George (1968). Walter F. Vella (ed.). The Indianized States of Southeast Asia (PDF). trans.Susan Brown Cowing. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 46–47. ISBN 978-0-8248-0368-1.
  17. ^ Dougald J. W. O'Reilly (2007). Early Civilizations of Southeast Asia. Rowman Altamira. ISBN 978-0-7591-0279-8.
  18. ^ Joachim Schliesinger (2016). Origin of Man in Southeast Asia 3 Volume 3: Indianization and the Temples of the Mainland; Part 3 Pre-Modern Thailand, Laos and Burma. Booksmango. ISBN 978-1633237278.
  19. ^ a b Kenneth T. So. "Preah Khan Reach and The Genealogy of Khmer Kings" (PDF). Cambosastra. Retrieved March 2, 2017.
  20. ^ DAGENS 2003 lK P24-25. The Khmer Country. The story. pp. 24–25.
  21. ^ Jacobsen, Trudy, Lost goddesses: the denial of female power in Cambodian history, NIAS Press, Copenhagen, 2008
  22. ^ Kak, Subhash (2001). "Time, Space, and Astronomy in Angkor Wat". www.researchgate.net. Archived from the original on 12 October 2022. Retrieved 31 August 2023.
  23. ^ a b Takashi Suzuki (25 December 2012). "Śrīvijaya―towards ChaiyaーThe History of Srivijaya". www7.plala.or.jp. Archived from the original on 13 April 2013. Retrieved 31 October 2023.
  24. ^ Munoz, Paul Michel (2006). Early Kingdoms of the Indonesian Archipelago and the Malay Peninsula. Singapore: Editions Didier Millet. pp. 130–131. ISBN 981-4155-67-5.
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