User:ThefolloweroftheScholar/Indigenous Resistance Day
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The Day of Indigenous Resistance (Spanish: Día de la Resistencia Indígena) is a national holiday celebrated every October 12 in Venezuela and Nicaragua that remembers the struggles initiated in 1492 by indigenous peoples in defence of their culture and integrity against Spanish colonisation, after the Genoese navigator, Christopher Columbus, arrived in the Americas. The Day of Indigenous Resistance is celebrated every October 12 in Venezuela and Nicaragua.[1]
Countries
[edit]Argentina
[edit]In 2004, a project was launched to make the 12th October ‘Indigenous Resistance Day’, although it did not gain widespread traction.[2]
Spain
[edit]In 2017, the Parliament of Navarre (Spain) also celebrated this holiday,[3] but it has not been celebrated since then.
Nicaragua
[edit]On 12 October Nicaragua commemorates the Day of Indigenous, Black and Popular Resistance, a date on which the multi-ethnic country remembers the beginning of the struggle of the original peoples against ‘colonial domination’ and the vindication of their ancestral rights.[4]
The day was previously celebrated as ‘Día de la Hispanidad transl. Hispanic Heritage Day’ and later ‘Día de la Raza lit. 'Race day'’, but in October 2007 the leftist and Sandinista government led by Daniel Ortega agreed to replace it with the Day of Indigenous, Black and Popular Resistance as part of policies of inclusion and restitution of rights.[5]
To commemorate the date, various events are traditionally held, such as musical demonstrations, fairs, dances, declamations and gastronomic tastings, with the aim of keeping alive the cultural heritage of these peoples. In Nicaragua there are ten clearly defined ethnic groups, whose heritage, together with encounters and disagreements, has given rise to the Nicaraguan idiosyncrasy in a broad sense.
Venezuela
[edit]Originally, it commemorated the discovery of America in the voyages of Christopher Columbus, and was declared during the government of Juan Vicente Gómez as a bank holiday under the name ‘Día de la Raza’ (Day of the Race). But this was not to the liking of some politicians and thinkers on the Venezuelan left, who considered that the holiday exalted colonialism to the detriment of the culture and values of the indigenous Americans.
The new holiday was proclaimed to commemorate the resistance of the Native Americans against the conquistadors. It was so decreed by the radical socialist president Hugo Chávez and sanctioned by the Venezuelan National Assembly as a holiday in decree 2018, dated 12 October 2002.[6] Two years after the decree, during the second celebration of the ‘Day of Indigenous Resistance’, a notorious controversy arose involving several organisations close to the government of Hugo Chávez, due to the demolition of a statue of Christopher Columbus in the Plaza Venezuela in Caracas.[7] Even so, it is common in Venezuelan schools to celebrate the day of the race, emphasising its miscegenation from the Spanish influence to the present day.
References
[edit]- ^ "Día de la Resistencia Indígena- Día de la raza –Encuentro de dos culturas | Comisión Nacional de los Derechos Humanos - México". www.cndh.org.mx (in Spanish).
- ^ "De qué raza hablamos" (in Spanish).
- ^ "El Parlamento de Navarra celebra el 'Día de la Resistencia Indígena'" (in Spanish).
- ^ "Nicaragua celebra el Día de la Resistencia Indígena, Negra y Popular" (in Spanish).
- ^ El 12 de octubre y los indígenas (In Spanish)
- ^ https://www.acnur.org/fileadmin/Documentos/BDL/2008/6635.pdf (In Spanish)
- ^ Arrasan en Caracas una estatua de Cristóbal Colón con 100 años de antigüedad (In Spanish)
[[Category:Indigenous nationalism]] [[Category:Bolivarian Revolution]]