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Communication barriers are anything that hinders someone from receiving and sending messages successfully. Communication is a crucial system used to convey information to one or more groups. Within the process of communication, communication barriers although often unwanted, can arise that interfere with one's way of communicating effectively. When barriers arise within communication, problems arise due to the occurrence of these barriers.

Barriers in the Workplace

Communication is key when it comes to the success of an organization or business. Individuals may have to collaborate in groups, conduct meetings, and other forms of activities in order for an organization or business to be successful. Within an organization or business, barriers can occur that can hurt the productivity.

Physical Barriers

Physical Barriers occur when messages are blocked by factors of the environment. Physical barriers tend to be a factor that people can not control. These can be factors like telephone ringing, lighting, room temperature, and talking.

Noise - Noise is a random disturbance that hinders the clarity of a message that is sent to the receiver. Noise contributes to physical barriers as it can be a factor of the physical environment which can obstruct the communication process. These noises can be background noises, interruption from technology like a telephone ringing, or external noise from outside of the environment like car honking, traffic lights, and billboard advertisements. Also, noise can occur inside the environment from viewing pictures on the wall or people moving around the room. Internal factors, like one's hunger, thirst, or wandering thoughts, can become distractions that can hinder the receiving of messages.

In order to deal with noise in the workplace, it is best to identify the source of the noise. Once the source of the noise is identified, there can be steps taken to stop the noise. Some suggests are going into a different room, muting the technology noise, or closing the window or door. In order to overcome the physical barrier of noise, one must take the appropriate steps to ensure that messages are received effectively.

Time -Time is a factor in communication in which it acts as a way to give information in a timely manner. When a meeting is held, the quickest communication for a meeting is face to face instead of email or text communication. Railway Authorities and Airlines offer computer programmed voice announcements for times of arrivals or departures. Buses and subways also use this mode of communication as another way to communicate to the riders the current stop location and the location of the next stop so they will know when to get off. In order for the communication to be delivered in a timely manner, one must choose the right communication median that can contribute to the success of receiving the median in a timely fashion.

TrafficLight Noise

Workplace Layout -The workplace layout is another way that contributes to communication. When employees seating arrangements are farther distances away or in separate rooms, this can hinder communication. This can lead to non face to face communication and more email or phone conversations. This can cause a message to be sent to many receivers before finally reaching the main receiver of the organization. With more technology being used, this can allow for further noise. Zappos CEO, Tony Hsieh, in order to create an environment with open communication and honest relationships, sits at the same desk and space as the other employees at the company call center. It allows for an open door policy and for open communication instead of increased time of getting information to the main receiver of the organization.

Information Overload - Information overload is a term that was coined by Bertram Gross. He described Information overload to occur when the amount of input exceeds the capacity. In other words, when a person is given too much information at one time, the message is not received effectively. This can be caused from feelings of fear, being overwhelmed or receiving new concepts or information to the sender.

When information overload has occurred, there are ways to prevent the loss of information. If a supervisor was holding a meeting and caused information overload:

• Allow note-taking - note taking can allow for the person receiving the message to listen and be able to reflect back on what was discussed.
• The supervisor could give details in order - the speaker should discuss one topic at a time before moving on to the next topic.
• Play back the information - recording meetings could help the receivers be able to play back information in order to better retain.
• Slow down - the speaker could slow down so people would have time to process information.
• Use Visual Aids- powerpoints, graphs, charts, and diagrams could better help the receiver visualize the information being discussed.

Perceptual Barriers

Perceptual Barriers are differences between people with opinions or viewpoints that can cause a barrier to communication. Someone's values, opinions, and attitudes can create a filter that interferes with our experiences and interactions with people. When someone has a differing opinion or belief, there can be assumptions, stereotyping, and misunderstandings. Also, there are triggers and cues that someone may use that can be misinterpreted, by nonverbal cues of tone, volume, facial expression, and movement, which allows for perceiving a situation differently when someone uses these cues. To lessen the affects of perceptual barriers, a person can support their claims with evidence. Also, nonverbal cues can be improved so not to cause misinterpretation.

Emotional Barriers

Emotional Barriers are mental walls that affect openly communicating thoughts and feelings to another person. These thoughts and feelings could be feelings of fear, anger, or mistrust with a person. In the workplace, this could be hazardous to the success of the business if there is mistrust or tension between the employees. It is best to handle these feelings and figure out how to move forward in the situation to allow for more open communication.

Language Barriers

Language Barriers occur when people do not speak the same language or have the same ability in the language. Sometimes language can be misinterpreted due to jargon, the use of semantic language or because of the connotation and denotation of words.

Jargon - Jargon is special words or expressions used only to be known in a particular context or group. This can affect how a message is received due to it not being understood by someone new to a group.

Semantic Language - Semantic language is the study of meanings and words. Using semantics involves the receiver to understand vocabulary of synonyms and antonyms along with the meaning of words, phrases, and sentences. Sentences can confuse the person, especially if that person is not in the native language or from a different educational background. Messages should be more direct and clear in order to better understand the message.

Connotation and Denotation

Connotation refers to an idea or feelings that a word invokes while denotation refers to the literal definition meaning. Confusion can arise from the use of this language due to culture, educational level, and dialect.

In order to reduce confusion with language barriers, there needs to be an understanding of who the person is communicating with and what language they primary utilize. Also, using visuals can reduce the confusion along with knowing what nonverbal behavior is appropriate for that specific language.

Cultural Barriers

Cultural barriers is communicating with someone from a different background or culture in which a person should understand beliefs and values in order to better handle communication. One should value empathy so they can sense the feelings and attitudes of another, as if they have experienced it personally in order to better harbor relationships. Creating empathy of respecting the other's feelings and attitudes will result in positive communication.

Psychological Barriers

Communication is an ongoing process and can involve communicating with family members, employees, neighbors, relatives, and friends. Communication is always being used and one must be competent in their ability to send and receive messages. Psychological Barriers occur when communication is distorted due to a humans emotions, opinions, values, preconceived notion, presumption, and closed mind. It is very complex as it relates to the human mind, but it can have an affect on other barriers.

Martial Barriers

Having effective communication in a marriage is vital and is an important part of a marriage. Spouses can have psychological barriers when fear, insecurity, and misunderstanding arise in the relationship. This can contribute to martial barriers which could ultimately lead to separation or divorce from a lack of communication.

Education Barriers

In academic classrooms, there are varied viewpoints, opinions, cultures, subcultures, traditions, and values. Some topics discussed by a professor can be controversial and lead to varied views. Psychological barriers can arise in education when topics or concepts are hard to understand from a different perspective of a logical viewpoint.

Barriers in Context

Nursing

In Nursing, patient satisfaction is the ultimate goal for the health care professional. In the health field, communication plays a vital role in order to determine symptoms, pain and other important information needed from the patient in order to give the best care. In 2016, a study was produced in 2 hospitals which studied 50 nurses and 50 patients, in which they were given a questionnaire to determine communication barriers in the health care setting. The study found that language barriers, environmental barriers, cultural barriers, along with the overload of work schedule for nurses affected the care given to patients.