User:TabbyLadrona/sandbox/Horse Racing in Latin America
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Horse racing in Latin America is a major sport? (find something to put here as an introduction)
Organized racing in Latin America consists almost solely of Thoroughbred flat racing,[1] but Quarter Horse racing is also conducted in Mexico,[2] Brazil,[2] Argentina,[3] and Uruguay.[4]
includes racing in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Uruguay, and Venezuela. Columbia doesn't have organized racing, but breeds Thoroughbred racehorses. Together, the region breeds 14% of Thoroughbreds worldwide and conducts 13% of global flat races.[5]
Argentina is easily the most important racing country in South America,[6] and serves as the principal authority for the South America Area of the International Stud Book Committee, run under OSAF and consisting of Argentina, Ecuador, Bolivia, Paraguay, Brazil, Peru, Chile, Uruguay, Columbia and Venezuela.[7] The USA is the principal authority for the North America, Central America & Caribbean Area, consisting of Barbados, Mexico, Costa Rica, Panama, Dominican Republic, Trinidad & Tobago, Guatemala, USA, and Jamaica.[7]
An OSAF representative to the ICSC was added in 1995. In 1985, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Peru, and Uruguay were added to Part 1 of the ICSC, denoting them as being among the world's major racing countries. In 1992, Uruguay was demoted to Part 2, where it has remained since, although it runs several races listed under Part 1.[8]
The only Latin American member of the Society of International Thoroughbred Auctioneers (SITA) is Antonio Bullrich S.A., in Argentina.[8][9]
Longrigg gives order of importance as: Argentina, Brazil, Venezuela,Columbia,Chile, Peru, Uruguay, Panama
Breeds in South America include Standardbred, Arabian, Thoroughbred, and Quarter Horse.[10]
https://www.paulickreport.com/news/ray-s-paddock/competition-collaboration-latin-america/
Caribbean adds Jamaica and Trinidad & Tobago
Flat TB only
Argentina
Brazil
Chile
Peru
Mexico
Uruguay
Columbia, Ecuador do some breeding.
% of global TB breeding (https://www.ifhaonline.org/resources/Annual_Report_2019.pdf)
Argentina: 7.08%
Chile: 1.82%
Brazil: 1.67%
Columbia: 0.01%
Ecuador: 0.08%
Mexico: 0.17%
Panama: 0.21%
Paraguay: 0.07%
Peru: 0.52%
Puerto Rico: 0.25%
Uruguay: 1.96%
Venezuela: 0.51%
Total: 14.35%
Number of races (2019):
Argentina: 5613
Chile: 4978
Brazil: 3039
Columbia: -
Ecuador: -
Mexico: 474
Panama: 1250
Paraguay: -
Peru: 1763
Puerto Rico: -
Uruguay: 1640
Venezuela: -
Total: 18757 or 13.39% of 140094
Prize Money (in Euros)
Argentina: 25,558,402
Chile: 24,295,804
Brazil: 13,024,200
Columbia: -
Ecuador: -
Mexico: 1,620,729
Panama: 7,152,275
Paraguay: -
Peru: 5,054,458
Puerto Rico: -
Uruguay: 10,039,718
Venezuela: -
Total: €86,745,586 or 2.59% of 3,348,854,616
Betting Turnover (in Euros)
Argentina: 80,106,969
Chile: 234,923,199
Brazil: 58,755,090
Columbia: -
Ecuador: -
Mexico: -
Panama: 36,518,578
Paraguay: -
Peru: 18,682,048
Puerto Rico: -
Uruguay: 19,215,838
Venezuela: -
Total: 448201722 or 0.39% of 115,444,767,582
History
[edit]Horses were first brought over to the Americas at the end of the 15th century
When Hernán Cortés went to Mexico, he brought with him several horses noted for being fast, including "a very good sorrel mare, turning out excellent both for tilting and racing." Based upon racing in Mexico and Peru, it is probable that horses were raced throughout Spanish America in the 16th century.[11]
By the 19th century, a tradition of horse racing had been founded across Spanish America, namely of native breeds such as the Costeña in Peru, the caballo Chileno in Chile, and the Criollo in Argentina and Brazil. Racing of short distance matches (600 to 1000 meters), in a manner similar to American Quarter Horse racing, was particularly widespread in Argentina. The first known thoroughbred importation was to Chile in 1835 by the American Balie Peyton, who had two horses imported as he was disappointed with the native Chilean horse. He himself rode a widely attended and heavily bet-upon match on one of them, a son of Leviathan, at Valparaiso against a prominent Chilean racing secretary, and won easily. The first thoroughbred stallion to stand at stud was imported from Australia in 1845 but was largely rejected by Chilean breeders.[12]
In contrast, Argentina and Brazil imported large numbers of Thoroughbred horses for the purposes of racing and crossing upon their native horses to produce better racehorses. They were imported in such numbers that in 1880 at least one English thoroughbred horse was aboard nearly every ship that came into Buenos Aires. The first modern racing institution in Latin America was the Argentine Jockey Club, founded in 1881 with rules copied from English and French racing. Many notable European racehorses were imported to serve as studs during this period, including Orbit, Ormonde, Diamond Jubilee, and Dollar.[12]
When the Boer War prevented the importation of English racehorses to South Africa, Argentinian racehorses were imported instead and won "nearly every big race from June 1899 to September 1905."[13]
Prize money in Latin America was high in the 1970's,[6] but in the modern day has greatly decreased in comparison to other prominent racing countries, with Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Peru being among the five important racing countries with the lowest average 1st place money for graded and black type stakes races in 2019 and 2020.[8]
Organisation
[edit]OSAF, Caribé
Principal Races
[edit]The Gran Premio Carlos Pellegrini is the premier race in Latin America. In 2020, it was tied for the 93rd highest rated Group/Grade 1 Race for three-year-olds and upwards in the Longines World Rankings, with an rating of 115.75.[14]
Major Racecourses
[edit]Hipódromo Argentino de Palermo in Buenos Aires, Argentina
Hipódromo de San Isidro in San Isidro, Argentina
Hipódromo de La Plata in La Plata, Argentina
Hipódromo Cidade Jardim in São Paulo, Brazil
Hipódromo da Gávea in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Club Hípico de Santiago in Santiago, Chile
Hipódromo Chile, in Independencia, Chile
Valparaiso Sporting Club, in Viña del Mar, Chile
Hipódromo de Monterrico, in Lima, Peru
Hipódromo Nacional de Maroñas, in Montevideo, Uruguay
Hipódromo de las Américas, in Mexico City, Mexico
Hipódromo Presidente Remón, in Panama City, Panama
Hipódromo La Rinconada, in Caracas, Venezuela
Hipódromo Camarero, Canóvanas, Puerto Rico
Principal Figures
[edit]Authorities (better title?)
[edit]Breeders
[edit]Owners
[edit]Trainers
[edit]Jockeys
[edit]Personalities
[edit]Racehorses
[edit]Sires
[edit]Broodmares
[edit]Argentina
[edit]History
[edit]In the 17th, 18th, and early 19th century, Argentinian racing consisted of short races along a straight line called carreras cuadreras, often run over 600 to 1000 meters, reminiscent of American Quarter Horse racing.[12][15] The first English-style races were conducted in 1852, but they were much less popular than the enthusiastically supported local style of races. A racecourse began operations in Belgrano in 1849 under the name of the Foreign Amateur Racing Society, using native criollo and mixed breed horses. The racecourse was officially inaugurated in 1857, and followed in 1869 by a racecourse in Morón, the Hipódromo Santa Teresa in Lanus in 1871, and the Hipódromo Argentino in Palermo in 1876.[15] The Hipódromo Santa Teresa ran races until 1904, with the politician Alberto Barceló running illegal gambling to fund his Partido Conservador.[16]
The first thoroughbred imported to Argentina was Bonnie Dundee in 1850.[12] Bonnie Dundee was sired by Ascot Gold Cup winner Lanercost and out of St Leger Stakes winner Blue Bonnet. He had finished second in the Ham Produce Stakes at Goodwood and stood at stud at Cabaña Los Blanqueadas in Buenos Aires. Bonnie Dundee's sole lasting impact was as the sire of a mare known as Bonnie Dundee Mare, out of a native non-thoroughbred mare, who became the foundation of the Ar1 family.[17]
The second imported thoroughbred was Elcho,[6] imported by Wilfredo Latham[17] and arriving in 1853.[18] Elcho was sired by two-time Goodwood Cup winner Harkaway, and stood at stud at Cabaña Los Alamos, also in Buenos Aires. Bonnie Dundee Mare was repeatedly bred to Elcho, producing Bella Donna and Bridesmaid, who helped establish the family.[17]
Thoroughbred mares were first imported into Argentina in 1865, but the native lines of Bonnie Dundee Mare as well as Eve, a bay mare of unknown parentage foaled in 1872, continued, eventually becoming the two Argentinian thoroughbred families.[18]
The Argentine Jockey Club, the first modern racing body in Latin America, was founded in 1881 under its first president Carlos Pellegrini, and organized races at Palermo, in Buenos Aires.[12] The Argentinian Stud Book was founded a year later, in 1882.[15] Argentinian horse racing developed under a largely French model, with an emphasis on breeding tough middle-distance horses.[6]
From the 1930s to 1950s, tangos with lyrics about horse racing were popular, with over fifty recorded, including "Leguisamo solo", "Bajo Belgrano", "Palermo", and "Por una cabeza".[19][20]
Brazil
[edit]Chile
[edit]Peru
[edit]Uruguay
[edit]Ur1 is a family number to an Uruguayan family of thoroughbreds descended from a chestnut half-bred mare foaled in 1884 named Pipe-En-Bois. The family was identified in 2001 from Snow Foss, winner of the 1996 G1 Gran Premio Nacional and 1997 G1 Gran Premio José Ramríez.[21]
Panama
[edit]Puerto Rico
[edit]Puerto Rico's single official racecourse opened in San Juan in January of 1957, under the name of El Commandante. Many of its races were limited to locally bred horses.[22]
Info on shipping horses to PR: https://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/256130/puerto-rico-sets-new-rules-for-shipping-horses-by-boat
Venezuela
[edit]Mexico
[edit]During the racing blackout in the United States in the 1910's (NOTE: check dates), the racetrack at Tijuana flourished as Californians looking to watch and bet on horse races travelled south across the border. In 1929, the Tijuana racecourse was replaced by the nearby one at Agua Caliente, which remained the only racetrack in the country until 1943, when the Hipódromo de las Américas opened in Mexico City. In 1965, the Juarez racecourse opened, bringing the total number of racetracks in the country up to three.[6]
Other South American Countries
[edit]Mostly just breeding
Central America and the Caribbean
[edit]Add Jamaica and Trinidad & Tobago (since would be the closest, unless there's a Horse Racing in the Caribbean)
Facts and Figures - EDIT
[edit]Data is from 2020 and 2019.[5][8]
| Argentina | Brazil | Chile | Peru | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Foals Born | 4,047 | 1,651 | 1,754 | 491 |
| % of Global Foals Born | ||||
| Races Run | 2,475 | 2,410 | 3,815 | 1,232 |
| % of Global Races Run | ||||
| Black-type Races | 125 | 135 | 60 | 39 |
| % of Black-type | 5.1% | 5.6% | 1.6% | 3.2% |
| Horses Racing | 8,825 | 3,315 | 4,070 | 1,566 |
| % of Global Horses Racing | ||||
| Average Runners per Race | 9.98 | 11.72 | 9.81 | |
| Average Starts per Horse Year | 5.04 | 13.44 | 10.09 | |
| Purses Awarded | €23,558,402 | €13,024,200 | €24,295,804 | €5,054,458 |
| Average Prize Money per Race | €4,197 | €4,286 | €4,881 | €2,867 |
| Average First Place Money per Graded Stakes Race | US$11,025 | US$15,406 | US$20,488 | US$12,474 |
| Betting Turnover | €80,106,969 | €58,755,090 | €234,923,199 | €18,682,048 |
| Panama | Puerto Rico | Uruguay | Venezuela | Ecuador | Mexico | Jamaica | Trinidad & Tobago | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thoroughbred Breeding | 197 | 200 | 1,330 | 330 | 75 | 163 | 254 | 36 |
| Races Run | 636 | 1,126 | 1,265 | 666 | 319 | 474 | 604 | 151 |
| Black-type Races | 31 | 16 | 56 | 110 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Horses Racing | 950 | 1,267 | 2,287 | 1,532 | 213 | 1,331 | 871 | 246 |
| Average Runners per Race | 9 | 10.26 | 8.18 | |||||
| Average Starts per Horse Year | 11.44 | 4.38 | 2.91 | |||||
| Purses Awarded | €7,152,275 | €10,039,718 | €1,620,729 | |||||
| Average Prize Money per Race | €5,722 | €6,122 | €3,419 | |||||
| Betting Turnover | €36,518,578 | €19,215,838 |
References
[edit]- ^
- "International Federation of Horseracing Authorities: Argentina 2019 Numerical Statistics". www.ifhaonline.org. Archived from the original on 2022-01-12. Retrieved 2022-01-12.
- "International Federation of Horseracing Authorities: Brazil 2019 Numerical Statistics". www.ifhaonline.org. Archived from the original on 2022-01-12. Retrieved 2022-01-12.
- "International Federation of Horseracing Authorities: Chile 2019 Numerical Statistics". www.ifhaonline.org. Archived from the original on 2022-01-12. Retrieved 2022-01-12.
- "International Federation of Horseracing Authorities: Peru 2019 Numerical Statistics". www.ifhaonline.org. Archived from the original on 2022-01-12. Retrieved 2022-01-12.
- "International Federation of Horseracing Authorities: Mexico 2019 Numerical Statistics". www.ifhaonline.org. Archived from the original on 2022-01-12. Retrieved 2022-01-12.
- "International Federation of Horseracing Authorities: Uruguay 2019 Numerical Statistics". www.ifhaonline.org. Archived from the original on 2022-01-12. Retrieved 2022-01-12.
- ^ a b "Race and Track Information - AQHA". www.aqha.com. Archived from the original on 2022-01-12. Retrieved 2022-01-12.
- ^ "La Raza". web.caccm.com.ar. Archived from the original on 2022-01-12. Retrieved 2022-01-12.
- ^ "Carreras – SCCM" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2022-01-12. Retrieved 2022-01-12.
- ^ a b IFHA 2019 Annual Report
- ^ a b c d e Longrigg, Roger (1972). The History of Horse Racing. United States of America: Stein and Day. p. 303. ISBN 0-8128-1488-6.
- ^ a b "International Federation of Horseracing Authorities". www.ifhaonline.org. Archived from the original on 2022-01-12. Retrieved 2022-01-12.
- ^ a b c d IFHA Blue Book 2021
- ^ "Acerca de Nosotros". Antonio Bullrich. Archived from the original on 2022-01-12. Retrieved 2022-01-12.
- ^ "Acuerdo de competitividad de la Cadena Equina, Asnal y Mular" (PDF). July 2014. Retrieved 2022-01-20.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Longrigg, Roger (1972). The History of Horse Racing. United States of America: Stein and Day. pp. 37–38. ISBN 0-8128-1488-6.
- ^ a b c d e Longrigg, Roger (1972). The History of Horse Racing. United States of America: Stein and Day. p. 272. ISBN 0-8128-1488-6.
- ^ Longrigg, Roger (1972). The History of Horse Racing. United States of America: Stein and Day. p. 253. ISBN 0-8128-1488-6.
- ^ "The LONGINES World's Top 100 Group/Grade 1 Races for 3yos and upwards - 2020". www.ifhaonline.org. Archived from the original on 2022-01-13. Retrieved 2022-01-13.
- ^ a b c "History of the Argentinian Stud Book". Stud Book Argentino (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2022-01-13. Retrieved 2022-01-13.
- ^ "Lanús tuvo hipódromo antes que Palermo: la historia de "El Circo de Santa Teresa"". www.eldiariosur.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 2022-01-16.
- ^ a b c "Argentine, Polish, Uruguayan Taproot Mares". www.bloodlines.net. Retrieved 2022-01-13.
- ^ a b "Argentinian Foundation Mares". www.tbheritage.com. Retrieved 2022-01-13.
- ^ "Hipódromo Argentino (Palermo racecourse)". Official English Website for the City of Buenos Aires. 2016-07-19. Archived from the original on 2022-01-15. Retrieved 2022-01-15.
- ^ Noticias (2016-05-09). "140º Aniversario Del Hipódromo De Palermo | Palermo Noticias +" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2022-01-16.
- ^ "Pipe-en-Bois - Family Ur1". www.bloodlines.net. Archived from the original on 2022-01-13. Retrieved 2022-01-13.
- ^ Longrigg, Roger (1972). The History of Horse Racing. United States of America: Stein and Day. pp. 283, 285. ISBN 0-8128-1488-6.
External links - Trim
[edit]- OSAF – Organización Sudamericana de Fomento del Sangre Pura de Carrera (South American Organization for the Promotion of the Thoroughbred)
- Confederación Hípica del Caribe (Caribbean Horse Racing Confedertion)
- Jockey Club Argentino (Argentinian Jockey Club)
- Jockey Club Brasileiro (Brazilian Jockey Club)
- Jockey Club de São Paulo (São Paulo Jockey Club)
- Club Hípico de Santiago (Santiago Racing Club)
- Valparaíso Sporting Club
- Jockey Club Mexicano (Mexican Jockey Club)
- Hípica de Panama S.A. (Panamanian Horse Racing)
- Jockey Club del Paraguay
- Jockey Club del Perú (Peruvian Jockey Club) (dead link)
- Asociación Colombiana de Criadores de Caballos Pura Sangre Inglés (Columbian Thoroughbred Breeders' Association)
- HRU S.A. (Uruguay)
- SUNAHIP – Superintendencia Nacional de Actividades Hípicas (Venezuelan National Superintendent of Horse Racing Activities) (dead link)
- Trinidad & Tobago Racing Authority
- Jamaican Racing Commission