Jump to content

User:Stolengood/sandbox

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
John Quincy Adams
7th President of the United States
In office
September 18, 1823 – March 4, 1837
Preceded byWilliam Crawford
Succeeded byWilliam Wirt
Vice Presidents
6th Vice President of the United States
In office
March 4, 1821 – September 18, 1823
PresidentWilliam Crawford
Preceded byJared Ingersoll
Succeeded byAlbert Gallatin
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
In office
April 9, 1812 – March 4, 1821
Nominated byJames Madison
Preceded byWilliam Cushing
Succeeded byJohn Davis
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Massachusetts's 8th district
In office
March 4, 1843 – March 15, 1853
Preceded byWilliam Calhoun
Succeeded byHorace Mann
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Massachusetts's 12th district
In office
March 4, 1841 – March 3, 1843
Preceded byFrancis Baylies
Succeeded byGeorge Robinson
United States Minister to Russia
In office
November 5, 1809 – January 1, 1812
PresidentJames Madison
Preceded byWilliam Short
Succeeded byJames Bayard
United States Senator
from Massachusetts
In office
March 4, 1803 – June 8, 1808
Preceded byJonathan Mason
Succeeded byJames Lloyd
United States Minister to Prussia
In office
December 5, 1797 – May 5, 1801
PresidentJohn Adams
Thomas Jefferson
Preceded byPosition established
Succeeded byHenry Wheaton (1835)
United States Minister to the Netherlands
In office
November 6, 1794 – June 20, 1797
PresidentGeorge Washington
Preceded byWilliam Short
Succeeded byWilliam Vans Murray
Personal details
Born(1767-07-11)July 11, 1767
Braintree, Massachusetts Bay, British America
(now Quincy, Massachusetts, U.S.)
DiedMarch 15, 1853(1853-03-15) (aged 85)
Washington, D.C., U.S.
Resting placeUnited First Parish Church
Political partyFederalist (1792–1808)
Democratic-Republican (1808–1838)
Whig (1838–1853)
SpouseLouisa Johnson (1797–1853)
Children4, including George, John, Charles
Alma materHarvard University
SignatureCursive signature in ink

This template's initial visibility currently defaults to autocollapse, meaning that if there is another collapsible item on the page (a navbox, sidebar, or table with the collapsible attribute), it is hidden apart from its title bar; if not, it is fully visible.

To change this template's initial visibility, the |state= parameter may be used:

  • {{Stolengood|state=collapsed}} will show the template collapsed, i.e. hidden apart from its title bar.
  • {{Stolengood|state=expanded}} will show the template expanded, i.e. fully visible.


  Nonpartisan  Federalist  Democratic-Republican  Democratic  Whig  Republican  National Union
Presidency[a] President Previous service Party Election Vice President
1 [b]
April 30, 1789

March 4, 1797
George Washington
1732–1799
(Lived: 67 years)
[1][2][3]
Commander-in-Chief
of the
Continental Army

(1775–1783)
  Nonpartisan
[4]
1
(1788–89)
John Adams
[c][d]
2
(1792)
2 March 4, 1797

March 4, 1801
John Adams
1735–1826
(Lived: 90 years)
[5][6][7]
1st
Vice President of the United States
Federalist 3
(1796)
Thomas Jefferson
[e]
3 March 4, 1801

March 4, 1809
Thomas Jefferson
1743–1826
(Lived: 83 years)
[8][9][10]
2nd
Vice President of the United States
Democratic-
Republican
4
(1800)
Aaron Burr
March 4, 1801March 4, 1805
5
(1804)
George Clinton
March 4, 1805March 4, 1809
4 March 4, 1809

March 4, 1817
James Madison
1751–1836
(Lived: 85 years)
[11][12][13]
5th
United States Secretary of State

(1801–1809)
Democratic-
Republican
6
(1808)
George Clinton
March 4, 1809April 20, 1812
(Died in office)
Office vacant
(Balance of Clinton's term)
7
(1812)
Elbridge Gerry
March 4, 1813November 23, 1814
(Died in office)
Office vacant
(Balance of Gerry's term)
5 March 4, 1817

March 4, 1825
James Monroe
1758–1831
(Lived: 73 years)
[14][15][16]
7th
United States Secretary of State

(1811–1817)
Democratic-
Republican
8
(1816)
Daniel D. Tompkins
9
(1820)
6 March 4, 1825

March 4, 1829
John Quincy Adams
1767–1848
(Lived: 80 years)
[17][18][19]
8th
United States Secretary of State

(1817–1825)
Democratic-
Republican
10
(1824)
John C. Calhoun
7 March 4, 1829

March 4, 1837
Andrew Jackson
1767–1845
(Lived: 78 years)
[20][21][22]
U.S. Senator from Tennessee
(1823–1825)
Democratic 11
(1828)
John C. Calhoun
[f]
March 4, 1829December 28, 1832
(Resigned from office)
Office vacant
(Balance of Calhoun's term)
12
(1832)
Martin Van Buren
March 4, 1833March 4, 1837
8 March 4, 1837

March 4, 1841
Martin Van Buren
1782–1862
(Lived: 79 years)
[23][24][25]
8th
Vice President of the United States
Democratic 13
(1836)
Richard Mentor Johnson
9 March 4, 1841

April 4, 1841
(Died in office)
William Henry Harrison
1773–1841
(Lived: 68 years)
[26][27][28]
United States Minister to Colombia
(1828–1829)
Whig 14
(1840)
John Tyler
(Succeeded to presidency)
10 April 4, 1841

March 4, 1845
John Tyler
1790–1862
(Lived: 71 years)
[29][30][31]
10th
Vice President of the United States
Whig
April 4, 1841September 13, 1841
Office vacant
Unaffiliated
September 13, 1841March 4, 1845
[g]
11 March 4, 1845

March 4, 1849
James K. Polk
1795–1849
(Lived: 53 years)
[32][33][34]
9th
Governor of Tennessee

(1839–1841)
Democratic 15
(1844)
George M. Dallas
12 March 4, 1849

July 9, 1850
(Died in office)
Zachary Taylor
1784–1850
(Lived: 65 years)
[35][36][37]
Major General of the 1st Infantry Regiment
United States Army
(1846–1849)
(No prior elected office)
Whig 16
(1848)
Millard Fillmore
(Succeeded to presidency)
13 July 9, 1850

March 4, 1853
Millard Fillmore
1800–1874
(Lived: 74 years)
[38][39][40]
12th
Vice President of the United States
Whig Office vacant
14 March 4, 1853

March 4, 1857
Franklin Pierce
1804–1869
(Lived: 64 years)
[41][42][43]
Brigadier General of the 9th Infantry
United States Army
(1847–1848)
Democratic 17
(1852)
William R. King
March 4April 18, 1853
(Died in office)
Office vacant
(Balance of King's term)
15 March 4, 1857

March 4, 1861
James Buchanan
1791–1868
(Lived: 77 years)
[44][45][46]
United States Minister to the
Court of St James's
(1853–1856)
Democratic 18
(1856)
John C. Breckinridge
16 March 4, 1861

April 15, 1865
(Died in office)
Abraham Lincoln
1809–1865
(Lived: 56 years)
[47][48][49]
U.S. Representative for Illinois' 7th District
(1847–1849)
Republican
(National Union)
[h]
19
(1860)
Hannibal Hamlin
March 4, 1861March 4, 1865
20
(1864)
Andrew Johnson
March 4April 15, 1865
(Succeeded to presidency)
17 April 15, 1865

May 16, 1868
(Removed from office)
Andrew Johnson
1808–1875
(Lived: 66 years)
[50][51][52]
16th
Vice President of the United States
National Union
[h]
(Democratic)
[i]
Office vacant
18 May 16, 1868

March 4, 1873
Benjamin Wade
1800–1875
(Lived: 74 years)
[53][54][55]
President pro tempore of the United States Senate
(1867–1868)
Republican Office vacant
May 16, 1868March 4, 1869
21
(1868)
Reuben Fenton
March 4, 1869March 4, 1873
19 March 4, 1873

August 22, 1882
(Died in office)
Ulysses S. Grant
1822–1882
(Lived: 60 years)
[56][57][58]
28th
United States Secretary of War

(1869–1873)
Republican 22
(1872)
Reuben Fenton
March 4, 1873March 4, 1877
23
(1876)
William A. Wheeler
March 4, 1877August 22, 1882
(Succeeded to presidency)
24
(1880)
20 August 22, 1882

March 4, 1885
William A. Wheeler
1819–1886
(Lived: 67 years)
[59][60][61]
18th
Vice President of the United States
Republican Office vacant
21 March 4, 1885

March 4, 1889
James G. Blaine
1830–1899
(Lived: 68 years)
[62][63][64]
28th
United States Secretary of State

(1883–1885)
Republican 25
(1884)
William H. West
22 March 4, 1889

March 4, 1897
Grover Cleveland
1837–1908
(Lived: 71 years)
[65][66]
28th
Governor of New York

(1883–1889)
Democratic Thomas A. Hendricks
March 4November 25, 1885
(Died in office)
Office vacant
(Balance of Hendricks' term)
23 March 4, 1889

March 4, 1893
Benjamin Harrison
1833–1901
(Lived: 67 years)
[67][68][69]
U.S. Senator from Indiana
(1881–1887)
Republican 26
(1888)
Levi P. Morton
24 March 4, 1893

March 4, 1897
Grover Cleveland
1837–1908
(Lived: 71 years)
[65][66]
22nd
President of the United States

(1885–1889)
Democratic 27
(1892)
Adlai Stevenson
25 March 4, 1897

September 14, 1901
(Died in office)
William McKinley
1843–1901
(Lived: 58 years)
[70][71][72]
39th
Governor of Ohio

(1892–1896)
Republican 28
(1896)
Garret Hobart
March 4, 1897November 21, 1899
(Died in office)
Office vacant
(Balance of Hobart's term)
29
(1900)
Theodore Roosevelt
March 4September 14, 1901
(Succeeded to presidency)
26 September 14, 1901

March 4, 1909
Theodore Roosevelt
1858–1919
(Lived: 60 years)
[73][74][75]
25th
Vice President of the United States
Republican Office vacant
September 14, 1901March 4, 1905
30
(1904)
Charles W. Fairbanks
March 4, 1905March 4, 1909
27 March 4, 1909

March 4, 1913
William Howard Taft
1857–1930
(Lived: 72 years)
[76][77][78]
42nd
United States Secretary of War

(1904–1908)
Republican 31
(1908)
James S. Sherman
March 4, 1909October 30, 1912
(Died in office)
Office vacant
(Balance of Sherman's term)
28 March 4, 1913

March 4, 1921
Woodrow Wilson
1856–1924
(Lived: 67 years)
[79][80][81]
34th
Governor of New Jersey

(1911–1913)
Democratic 32
(1912)
Thomas R. Marshall
33
(1916)
29 March 4, 1921

August 2, 1923
(Died in office)
Warren G. Harding
1865–1923
(Lived: 57 years)
[82][83][84]
U.S. Senator from Ohio
(1915–1921)
Republican 34
(1920)
Calvin Coolidge
(Succeeded to presidency)
30 August 2, 1923

March 4, 1929
Calvin Coolidge
1872–1933
(Lived: 60 years)
[85][86][87]
29th
Vice President of the United States
Republican Office vacant
August 2, 1923March 4, 1925
35
(1924)
Charles G. Dawes
March 4, 1925March 4, 1929
31 March 4, 1929

March 4, 1933
Herbert Hoover
1874–1964
(Lived: 90 years)
[88][89][90]
3rd
United States Secretary of Commerce

(1921–1928)
(No prior elected office)
Republican 36
(1928)
Charles Curtis
32 March 4, 1933

April 12, 1945
(Died in office)
Franklin D. Roosevelt
1882–1945
(Lived: 63 years)
[91][92][93]
44th
Governor of New York

(1929–1932)
Democratic 37
(1932)
John Nance Garner
March 4, 1933January 20, 1941
[j]
38
(1936)
39
(1940)
Henry A. Wallace
January 20, 1941January 20, 1945
40
(1944)
Harry S. Truman
January 20April 12, 1945
(Succeeded to presidency)
33 April 12, 1945

January 20, 1953
Harry S. Truman
1884–1972
(Lived: 88 years)
[94][95][96]
34th
Vice President of the United States
Democratic Office vacant
April 12, 1945January 20, 1949
41
(1948)
Alben W. Barkley
January 20, 1949January 20, 1953
34 January 20, 1953

January 20, 1961
Dwight D. Eisenhower
1890–1969
(Lived: 78 years)
[97][98][99]
Supreme Allied Commander Europe
(1949–1952)
(No prior elected office)
Republican 42
(1952)
Richard Nixon
43
(1956)
35 January 20, 1961

November 22, 1963
(Died in office)
John F. Kennedy
1917–1963
(Lived: 46 years)
[100][101][102]
U.S. Senator from Massachusetts
(1953–1960)
Democratic 44
(1960)
Lyndon B. Johnson
(Succeeded to presidency)
36 November 22, 1963

January 20, 1969
Lyndon B. Johnson
1908–1973
(Lived: 64 years)
[103][104]
37th
Vice President of the United States
Democratic Office vacant
November 22, 1963January 20, 1965
45
(1964)
Hubert Humphrey
January 20, 1965January 20, 1969
37 January 20, 1969

August 9, 1974
(Resigned from office)
Richard Nixon
1913–1994
(Lived: 81 years)
[105][106][107]
36th
Vice President of the United States

(1953–1961)
Republican 46
(1968)
Spiro Agnew
January 20, 1969October 10, 1973
(Resigned from office)
47
(1972)
Office vacant
October 10December 6, 1973
Gerald Ford
December 6, 1973August 9, 1974
(Succeeded to presidency)
38 August 9, 1974

January 20, 1977
Gerald Ford
1913–2006
(Lived: 93 years)
[108][109][110]
40th
Vice President of the United States
Republican Office vacant
August 9December 19, 1974
Nelson Rockefeller
December 19, 1974January 20, 1977
39 January 20, 1977

January 20, 1981
Jimmy Carter
Born 1924
(100 years old)
[111][112][113]
76th
Governor of Georgia

(1971–1975)
Democratic 48
(1976)
Walter Mondale
40 January 20, 1981

January 20, 1989
Ronald Reagan
1911–2004
(Lived: 93 years)
[114][115][116]
33rd
Governor of California

(1967–1975)
Republican 49
(1980)
George H. W. Bush
50
(1984)
41 January 20, 1989

January 20, 1993
George H. W. Bush
Born 1924
(100 years old)
[117][118][119]
43rd
Vice President of the United States
Republican 51
(1988)
Dan Quayle
42 January 20, 1993

January 20, 2001
Bill Clinton
Born 1946
(78 years old)
[120][121][122]
40th & 42nd
Governor of Arkansas

(1979–1981 & 1983–1992)
Democratic 52
(1992)
Al Gore
53
(1996)
43 January 20, 2001

January 20, 2009
George W. Bush
Born 1946
(78 years old)
[123][124]
46th
Governor of Texas

(1995–2000)
Republican 54
(2000)
Dick Cheney
55
(2004)
44 January 20, 2009

Incumbent
Barack Obama
Born 1961
(63 years old)
[125][126]
U.S. Senator from Illinois
(2005–2008)
Democratic 56
(2008)
Joe Biden
57
(2012)
   [top]
Presidency[a] President-elect[k] Previous service Party Election Vice President-elect
45 Beginning
January 20, 2017

(−2,863 days from now)
Donald Trump
Born 1946
(78 years old)
[127][128]
Chairman of
The Trump Organization
(1971–present)
(No prior elected office)
Republican 58
(2016)
Mike Pence

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Biography of George Washington". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  2. ^ "George Washington – no Political Party – 1st President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  3. ^ "Life Portrait of George Washington". American Presidents: Life Portraits. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  4. ^ "George Washington's views on political parties in America | Washington Times Communities". Communities.washingtontimes.com. March 9, 2012. Retrieved January 2, 2013.
  5. ^ "Biography of John Adams". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  6. ^ "John Adams - U.S. Presidents". History. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
  7. ^ "Life Portrait of John Adams". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  8. ^ "Biography of Thomas Jefferson". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  9. ^ "Thomas Jefferson – Democratic-Republican Party – 3rd President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  10. ^ "Life Portrait of Thomas Jefferson". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  11. ^ "Biography of James Madison". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  12. ^ "James Madison – Democratic-Republican Party – 4th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  13. ^ "Life Portrait of James Madison". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  14. ^ "Biography of James Madison". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  15. ^ "James Monroe – Democratic-Republican Party – 5th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  16. ^ "Life Portrait of James Monroe". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  17. ^ "Biography of John Quincy Adams". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  18. ^ "John Quincy Adams – Federalist, Democratic-Republican, National Republican, WHIG Party – 6th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  19. ^ "Life Portrait of John Quincy Adams". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  20. ^ "Biography of Andrew Jackson". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  21. ^ "Andrew Jackson – Democratic-Republican Party – 7th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  22. ^ "Life Portrait of Andrew Jackson". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  23. ^ "Biography of Martin Van Buren". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  24. ^ "Martin Van Buren – Democratic-Republican, Democratic, and Free Soil Party – 8th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  25. ^ "Life Portrait of Martin Van Buren". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  26. ^ "Biography of William Henry Harrison". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  27. ^ "William Henry Harrison – WHIG Party – 9th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  28. ^ "Life Portrait of William Henry Harrison". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  29. ^ "Biography of John Tyler". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  30. ^ "John Tyler – No Party – 10th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  31. ^ "Life Portrait of John Tyler". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  32. ^ "Biography of James Polk". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  33. ^ "James Polk – Democratic Party – 11th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  34. ^ "Life Portrait of James K. Polk". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  35. ^ "Biography of Zachary Taylor". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  36. ^ "Zachary Taylor – WHIG Party – 12th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  37. ^ "Life Portrait of Zachary Taylor". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  38. ^ "Biography of Millard Fillmore". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  39. ^ "Millard Fillmore – WHIG Party – 13th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  40. ^ "Life Portrait of Millard Fillmore". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  41. ^ "Biography of Franklin Pierce". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  42. ^ "Franklin Pierce – Democratic Party – 14th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  43. ^ "Life Portrait of Franklin Pierce". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  44. ^ "Biography of James Buchanan". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  45. ^ "James Buchanan – Democratic Party – 15th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  46. ^ "Life Portrait of James Buchanan". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  47. ^ "Biography of Abraham Lincoln". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  48. ^ "Abraham Lincoln – Republic, National Union Party – 16th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  49. ^ "Life Portrait of Abraham Lincoln". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  50. ^ "Biography of Andrew Johnson". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  51. ^ "Andrew Johnson – National Union Party – 17th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  52. ^ "Life Portrait of Andrew Johnson". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  53. ^ "Biography of Ulysses S. Grant". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  54. ^ "Ulysses S. Grant – National Union Party – 18th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  55. ^ "Life Portrait of Ulysses S. Grant". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  56. ^ "Biography of Rutherford B. Hayes". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  57. ^ "Rutherford B. Hayes – Republican Party – 19th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  58. ^ "Life Portrait of Rutherford B. Hayes". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  59. ^ "Biography of James Garfield". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  60. ^ "James Garfield – Republican Party – 20th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  61. ^ "Life Portrait of James Garfield". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  62. ^ "Biography of Chester Arthur". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  63. ^ "Chester A. Arthur – Republican Party – 21st President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  64. ^ "Life Portrait of Chester A. Arthur". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  65. ^ a b "Grover Cleveland – Democratic Party – 22nd and 24th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  66. ^ a b "Life Portrait of Grover Cleveland". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  67. ^ "Biography of Benjamin Harrison". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  68. ^ "William Henry Harrison – Whig Party – 23rd President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  69. ^ "Life Portrait of Benjamin Harrison". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  70. ^ "Biography of William McKinley". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  71. ^ "William McKinley – Republican Party – 25th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  72. ^ "Life Portrait of William McKinley". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  73. ^ "Biography of Theodore Roosevelt". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  74. ^ "Theodore Roosevelt – Republican, Bull Moose Party – 26th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  75. ^ "Life Portrait of Theodore Roosevelt". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  76. ^ "Biography of William Howard Taft". WhiteHouse.gov. March 13, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  77. ^ "William Howard Taft – Republican Party – 27th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  78. ^ "Life Portrait of William Howard Taft". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  79. ^ "Biography of Woodrow Wilson". WhiteHouse.gov. March 13, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  80. ^ "Woodrow Wilson – Democratic Party – 28th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  81. ^ "Life Portrait of Woodrow Wilson". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  82. ^ "Biography of Warren G. Harding". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  83. ^ "Warren Harding – Republican Party – 29th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  84. ^ "Life Portrait of Warren G. Harding". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  85. ^ "Biography of Calvin Coolidge". WhiteHouse.gov. March 13, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  86. ^ "Calvin Coolidge – Republican Party – 30th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  87. ^ "Life Portrait of Calvin Coolidge". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  88. ^ "Biography of Herbert Hoover". WhiteHouse.gov. March 13, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  89. ^ "Herbert Hoover – Republican Party – 31st President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  90. ^ "Life Portrait of Herbert Hoover". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  91. ^ "Biography of Franklin D. Roosevelt". WhiteHouse.gov. March 20, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  92. ^ "Franklin D. Roosevelt – Democratic Party – 32nd President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  93. ^ "Life Portrait of Franklin D. Roosevelt". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  94. ^ "Biography of Harry S Truman". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  95. ^ "Harry S Truman – Democratic Party – 33rd President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  96. ^ "Life Portrait of Harry S. Truman". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  97. ^ "Biography of Dwight D. Eisenhower". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  98. ^ "Dwight D. Eisenhower – Democratic Party – 34th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  99. ^ "Life Portrait of Dwight D. Eisenhower". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  100. ^ "Biography of John F. Kennedy". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  101. ^ "John F. Kennedy – Democratic Party – 35th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  102. ^ "Life Portrait of John F. Kennedy". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  103. ^ "Lyndon B. Johnson – Democratic Party – 36th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  104. ^ "Life Portrait of Lyndon B. Johnson". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  105. ^ "Richard M. Nixon". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  106. ^ "Richard Nixon – Republican Party – 37th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  107. ^ "Life Portrait of Richard M. Nixon". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  108. ^ "Biography of Gerald R. Ford". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  109. ^ "Gerald Ford – Republican Party – 38th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  110. ^ "Life Portrait of Gerald R. Ford". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  111. ^ "Biography of Jimmy Carter". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  112. ^ "Jimmy Carter – Democratic Party – 39th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  113. ^ "Life Portrait of Jimmy Carter". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  114. ^ "Biography of Ronald Reagan". WhiteHouse.gov. June 25, 2008. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  115. ^ "Ronald Reagan – Republican Party – 40th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.[dead link]
  116. ^ "Life Portrait of Ronald Reagan". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  117. ^ "Biography of George Herbert Walker Bush". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  118. ^ "George H. W. Bush – Republican Party – 41st President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  119. ^ "Life Portrait of George H.W. Bush". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  120. ^ "Biography of William J. Clinton". WhiteHouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  121. ^ "Bill Clinton – Democratic Party – 42nd President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  122. ^ "Life Portrait of Bill Clinton". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  123. ^ "Biography of President George W. Bush". WhiteHouse.gov. February 25, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  124. ^ "George W. Bush – Republican Party – 43rd President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  125. ^ "President Barack Obama". WhiteHouse.gov. January 20, 2009. Retrieved January 20, 2009.
  126. ^ "Barack Obama – Democratic Party – 44th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  127. ^ Flegenheimer, Matt; Barbaro, Michael (November 9, 2016). "Donald Trump Is Elected President in Stunning Repudiation of the Establishment". The New York Times. Retrieved November 13, 2016.
  128. ^ Jamaica Hospital (June 14, 1946). "Certificate of Birth: Donald John Trump" (PDF). Fox News Channel. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 9, 2011. Retrieved May 31, 2016.


Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).