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Common name Binomial name Order Date of extinction Former range Picture
Broad-faced potoroo Potorous platyops

Gould, 1844

Diprotodontia 1875 IUCN Australia
Eastern hare wallaby Lagorchestes leporides

Gould, 1841

Diprotodontia 1890 IUCN

Australia

Lake Mackay hare-wallaby Lagorchestes asomatus

Finlayson, 1943

Diprotodontia 1932 IUCN Australia
Desert rat-kangaroo Caloprymnus campestris

Gould, 1843

Diprotodontia 1935 IUCN

Australia

Tasmanian tiger, or Tasmanian wolf Thylacinus cynocephalus

Harris, 1808

Dasyuromorphia 1936 IUCN

Australia, Tasmania

Toolache wallaby Macropus greyi

Waterhouse, 1846

Diprotodontia 1943 IUCN Australia
Desert bandicoot Perameles eremiana

Spencer, 1837

Peramelemorphia 1943 IUCN Australia
Lesser bilby, or yallara Macrotis leucura

Thomas, 1887

Peramelemorphia 1931 IUCN

Australia

Pig-footed bandicoot Chaeropus ecaudatus

Ogilby, 1838

Peramelemorphia 1950s IUCN

Australia

Crescent nailtail wallaby Onychogalea lunata

Gould, 1841

Diprotodontia 1956 IUCN Australia (western and central)
Red-bellied gracile opossum, or Red-bellied gracile mouse opossum Cryptonanus ignitus

Díaz, Flores and Barquez, 2002

Didelphimorphia 1962 IUCN Argentina
Nullarbor dwarf bettong Bettongia pusilla

McNamara, 1997

Diprotodontia 1500
early 1500s IUCN
Australia, Nullarbor Plain
Steller's sea cow Hydrodamalis gigas

von Zimmermann, 1780

Sirenia 1768 IUCN Commander Islands
Bramble Cay melomys Melomys rubicola

Thomas, 1924

Rodentia
2016 IUCN
Australia, Bramble Cay
Oriente cave rat Boromys offella

Miller, 1916

Rodentia 1500
early 1500s IUCN
Cuba
Torre's cave rat Boromys torrei

Allen, 1917

Rodentia 1500
early 1500s IUCN
Cuba
Imposter hutia Hexolobodon phenax

Miller, 1929

Rodentia 1500
early 1500s IUCN
Hispaniola
Montane hutia Isolobodon montanus

Miller, 1922

Rodentia 1500
early 1500s IUCN
Hispaniola
Lagostomus crassus

Thomas, 1910

Rodentia 1900
early 1900s IUCN
Peru
Galápagos giant rat Megaoryzomys curioi

Niethammer, 1964

Rodentia 1500s IUCN Santa Cruz Island, Galápagos
Cuban coney Geocapromys columbianus

Chapman, 1892

Rodentia 1500
early 1500s IUCN
Cuba
Hispaniolan edible rat Brotomys voratus

Miller, 1916

Rodentia 1536–1546 IUCN Hispaniola
Puerto Rican hutia Isolobodon portoricensis

Allen, 1916

Rodentia 1900
early 1900s IUCN
Hispaniola and introduced to Puerto Rico, Saint Thomas Island, Saint Croix Island and Mona Island
Big-eared hopping mouse Notomys macrotis

Thomas, 1921

Rodentia 1843 IUCN Australia (central Western Australia)
Darling Downs hopping mouse Notomys mordax

Thomas, 1921

Rodentia 1846 IUCN Australia (Darling Downs, Queensland)
White-footed rabbit-rat Conilurus albipes

Lichtenstein, 1829

Rodentia 1860
early 1860s IUCN
Australia, eastern coast
Capricorn rabbit rat Conilurus capricornensis

Cramb and Hocknull, 2010

Rodentia 1500
early 1500s IUCN
Australia, Queensland
St Lucy giant rice rat, or Santa Lucian pilorie Megalomys luciae

Major, 1901

Rodentia 1881 IUCN Saint Lucia
Short-tailed hopping mouse Notomys amplus

Brazenor, 1936

Rodentia 1896 IUCN Australia, Great Sandy Desert
Nelson's rice rat Oryzomys nelsoni

Merriam, 1889

Rodentia 1897 IUCN Islas Marías
Long-tailed hopping mouse Notomys longicaudatus

Gould, 1844

Rodentia 1901 IUCN Australia
Great hopping mouse Notomys robustus

Mahoney, Smith and Medlin, 2008

Rodentia 1500
early 1500s IUCN
Australia, Flinders and Davenport Ranges
Desmarest's pilorie, or Antillean giant rice rat Megalomys desmarestii

Fischer, 1829

Rodentia 1902 IUCN Martinique
Bulldog rat Rattus nativitatis

Thomas, 1888

Rodentia 1903 IUCN Christmas Island
Maclear's rat Rattus macleari

Thomas, 1887

Rodentia 1903 IUCN Christmas Island
Darwin's Galapagos mouse Nesoryzomys darwini

Osgood, 1929

Rodentia 1930 IUCN Galapagos Islands
Gould's mouse Pseudomys gouldii

Waterhouse, 1839

Rodentia 1930 IUCN Australia, southern half
Long-eared mouse Pseudomys auritus

Thomas, 1910

Rodentia 1800
early 1800s IUCN
Australia, Kangaroo Island and the Younghusband Peninsula
Pemberton's deer mouse Peromyscus pembertoni

Burt, 1932

Rodentia 1931 IUCN San Pedro Nolasco Island
Samana hutia Plagiodontia ipnaeum

Johnson, 1948

Rodentia 1500
early 1500s [a] IUCN
Hispaniola
Lesser stick-nest rat, or white-tipped stick-nest rat Leporillus apicalis

John Gould, 1854

Rodentia 1933 IUCN Australia, west-central
Indefatigable Galapagos mouse Nesoryzomys indefessus

Thomas, 1899

Rodentia 1934 IUCN Galapagos Islands
Little Swan Island hutia Geocapromys thoracatus

True, 1888

Rodentia 1955 IUCN Swan Islands
Blue-gray mouse Pseudomys glaucus

Thomas, 1910

Rodentia 1956 IUCN Australia, Queensland and New South Wales
Buhler's coryphomys, or Buhler's rat Coryphomys buehleri

Schaub, 1937

Rodentia 1500
early 1500s IUCN
Timor
Machu Picchu arboreal chinchilla rat Cuscomys oblativa

Eaton, 1916

Rodentia 1500
early 1500s [b] IUCN
Machu Picchu
Insular cave rat Heteropsomys insulans

Anthony, 1916

Rodentia 1500
early 1500s IUCN
Puerto Rico and the Vieques Island
Candango mouse Juscelinomys candango

Moojen, 1965

Rodentia 1960 IUCN Central Brazil
Anthony's woodrat Neotoma anthonyi

Allen, 1898

Rodentia 1926 IUCN Isla Todos Santos
Bunker's woodrat Neotoma bunkeri

Burt, 1932

Rodentia 1931 IUCN Coronado Islands
San Martín Island woodrat Neotoma martinensis

Goldman, 1905

Rodentia 1950s San Martín Island, Baja California
Vespucci's rodent Noronhomys vespuccii

Carleton and Olson, 1999

Rodentia 1500 IUCN Fernando de Noronha
St. Vincent colilargo, or St. Vincent pygmy rice rat Oligoryzomys victus

Thomas, 1898

Rodentia 1892 IUCN Saint Vincent
Jamaican rice rat Oryzomys antillarum

Thomas, 1898

Rodentia 1877 IUCN Jamaica
Nevis Rice Rat, or St. Eustatius rice rat, St. Kitts rice rat Pennatomys nivalis

Turvey, Weksler, Morris, and Nokkert, 2010

Rodentia 1500
early 1500s [c] IUCN
Christmas Island pipistrelle Pipistrellus murrayi

Andrews, 1900

Chiroptera 2009 IUCN Christmas Island
Sardinian pika Prolagus sardus

Wagner, 1832

Lagomorpha 1774 IUCN Corsica, Sardinia and nearby islands
Marcano's solenodon Solenodon marcanoi

Patterson, 1962

Soricomorpha 1500s IUCN Dominican Republic
Puerto Rican nesophontes Nesophontes edithae

Anthony, 1916

Eulipotyphla 1500
early 1500s IUCN
Puerto Rico, Vieques Island, St. John, and St. Thomas
Atalaye nesophontes Nesophontes hypomicrus

Miller, 1929

Eulipotyphla 1500
early 1500s IUCN
Hispaniola
Greater Cuban nesophontes Nesophontes major

Arredondo, 1970

Eulipotyphla 1500
early 1500s IUCN
Cuba
Western Cuban nesophontes Nesophontes micrus

Allen, 1917

Eulipotyphla 1500
early 1500s IUCN
Cuba and the Isla de la Juventud
St. Michel nesophontes Nesophontes paramicrus

Miller, 1929

Eulipotyphla 1500
early 1500s IUCN
Haiti
Haitian nesophontes Nesophontes zamicrus

Miller, 1929

Eulipotyphla 1500
early 1500s IUCN
Haiti
Lesser Mascarene flying fox, or dark flying fox Pteropus subniger

kerr, 1792

Chiroptera 1864 IUCN Réunion and Mauritius
Guam flying fox, or Guam fruit bat Pteropus tokudae

Tate, 1934

Chiroptera 1968 IUCN Guam
Dusky flying fox, or Percy Island flying fox Pteropus brunneus

Dobson, 1878

Chiroptera 1870 IUCN Percy Island
Large Palau flying fox Pteropus pilosus

Andersen, 1908

Chiroptera 1874 IUCN Palau
Large sloth lemur Palaeopropithecus ingens

Grandidier, 1899

Primate 1620 IUCN

In green

Jamaican monkey Xenothrix mcgregori

Williams and Koopman, 1952

Primate 1700
early 1700s IUCN
Jamaica, Long Mile Cave
Aurochs Bos primigenius

Bojanus, 1827

Artiodactyla 1627 IUCN
Bluebuck Hippotragus leucophaeus

Pallas, 1766

Artiodactyla 1800 IUCN
Red gazelle Eudorcas rufina

Thomas, 1894

Artiodactyla 1800
late 1800s IUCN
Algeria
Schomburgk's deer Rucervus schomburgki

Blyth, 1863

Artiodactyla 1932 IUCN Thailand
Queen of Sheba's gazelle, or Yemen gazelle Gazella bilkis

Grover and Lay, 1985

Artiodactyla 1951 IUCN Yemen
Saudi gazelle Gazella saudiya

Carruthers and Schwarz, 1935

Artiodactyla 2008 IUCN [d] Arabian Peninsula
Madagascan dwarf hippopotamus, or Malagasy hippo Hippopotamus lemerlei

Milne-Edwards, 1868

Artiodactyla 1500
early 1500s [e] IUCN
Madagascar
Madagascan dwarf hippopotamus, or Madagascan pygmy Hippo, Malagasy hippo Hippopotamus madagascariensis

Guldberg, 1883

Artiodactyla 1500
early 1500s [f] IUCN
Madagascar
Falkland Islands wolf, or warrah Dusicyon australis

Kerr, 1792

Carnivora 1876 IUCN Falkland Islands
Dusicyon avus

Burmeister, 1866

Carnivora 1500
early 1500s IUCN
Patagonia
Sea mink Neovison macrodon

Prentiss, 1903

Carnivora 1894 IUCN Northeastern North America
Japanese sea lion Zalophus japonicus

Peters, 1866

Carnivora 1970s IUCN Japan
Caribbean monk seal Neomonachus tropicalis

Gray, 1850

Carnivora 1952 IUCN Caribbean Sea
Giant fossa Cryptoprocta spelea

Grandidier, 1902

Carnivora 1500
early 1500s IUCN

Extinct in the wild

[edit]

A species that is extinct in the wild is one which has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as only known by living members kept in captivity or as a naturalized population outside its historic range due to massive habitat loss. A species is declared extinct in the wild after thorough surveys have inspected its historic range and failed to find evidence of a surviving individual.[4]

Common name Binomial name Order Date of extinction Former range Picture
Père David's deer Elaphurus davidianus

Milne-Edwards, 1866

Artiodactyla 1939 IUCN China
Scimitar oryx Oryx dammah

Cretzschmar, 1827

Artiodactyla 2000 IUCN Sahara desert

Possibly extinct

[edit]

Extinction of taxa is difficult to detect as long gaps without a sighting is not definitive. Some mammals declared as extinct may very well reappear.[5] For example, a study found that 36% of purported mammalian extinction had been resolved, while the rest either had validity issues (insufficient evidence) or had been rediscovered.[6] As of December 2015, the IUCN lists 30 mammalian species as "critically endangered (possibly extinct)".[7]

Common name Binomial name Order Last confirmed sighting Range Picture
Kouprey, or gray ox Bos sauveli

Urbain, 1937

Artiodactyla 1988 IUCN
Garrido's hutia Capromys garridoi

Varona, 1970

Rodentia 1989 IUCN[dead link] Cayo Maja
Dinagat bushy-tailed cloud rat, or Dinagat hairy-tailed cloud rat, Dinagat crateromys, Dinagat Island cloud rat Crateromys australis

Musser, Heaney, and Rabor, 1985

Rodentia 2012[8] IUCN

In magenta

Christmas Island shrew Crocidura trichura

Dobson, 1889

Rodentia 1985 IUCN
Wimmer's shrew Crocidura wimmeri

de Balsac and Aellen, 1958

Rodentia 1976 IUCN
De Winton's golden mole Cryptochloris wintoni

Broom, 1907

Rodentia 1937 IUCN
Wondiwoi tree-kangaroo Dendrolagus mayri

Rothschild and Dollman, 1933

Diprotodontia 1928 IUCN Papua New Guinea, Wondiwoi Peninsula
Baiji, or Yangtze river dolphin, whitefin dolphin, white flag dolphin, Chinese lake dolphin, Changjiang dolphin Lipotes vexillifer

Miller, 1918

Cetacea 2002 [g] IUCN
Zuniga's dark rice rat Melanomys zunigae

Sanborn

Rodentia 1949 IUCN Peru, Lomas de Atocongo (hills near Lima)
Dwarf hutia Mesocapromys nanus

Allen, 1917

Rodentia 1937 IUCN Ciénaga de Zapata
San Felipe hutia, or little Earth hutia Mesocapromys sanfelipensis

Varona & Garrido, 1970

Rodentia 1978 IUCN Cuba
One-striped opossum Monodelphis unistriata

Wagner, 1842

Didelphimorphia 1899 IUCN
Gloomy tube-nosed bat Murina tenebrosa

Yoshiyuki, 1970

Chiroptera 1962 IUCN Tsushima Island and possibly Yaku Island
New Zealand greater short-tailed bat Mystacina robusta

Dwyer, 1962

Chiroptera 1967 IUCN Big South Cape Island
Ethiopian amphibious rat, or Ethiopian water mouse Nilopegamys plumbeus

Osgood, 1928

Rodentia 1920s IUCN Mouth of the Lesser Abay River
Lord Howe long-eared bat Nyctophilus howensis

McKean, 1975

Chiroptera 1972 IUCN Lord Howe Island
Angel Island mouse Peromyscus guardia

Townsend, 1912

Rodentia 1991 IUCN Isla Ángel de la Guarda
Puebla deer mouse Peromyscus mekisturus

Merriam, 1898

Rodentia 1950s IUCN Ciudad Serdan and Tehuacán
Telefomin cuscus Phalanger matanim

Flannery, 1987

Diprotodontia 1997 IUCN
Montane monkey-faced bat Pteralopex pulchra

Flannery, 1991

Chiroptera 1990s IUCN
Aru flying fox Pteropus aruensis

Peter, 1867

Chiroptera 1992 IUCN
Vanikoro flying fox Pteropus tuberculatus

Peters, 1869

Chiroptera 1980
early 1900s IUCN
Emma's giant rat Uromys emmae

Groves and Flannery, 1994

Rodentia 1990s IUCN Owi Island of the Paidaido Islands, Papua Province
Emperor rat Uromys imperator

Thomas, 1888

Rodentia 1888 IUCN Guadalcanal
Guadalcanal rat Uromys porculus

Thomas, 1904

Rodentia 1888 IUCN Guadalcanal
Central rock rat Zyzomys pedunculatus

Waite, 1896

Rodentia 2001 [h] IUCN
Malabar large-spotted civet, or Malabar civet Viverra civettina

Blyth, 1862

Carnivora 1980
late 1900s [i] IUCN
Bouvier's red colobus Piliocolobus bouvieri

Groves, 2007

Primate 2015 IUCN Right bank of the Congo river


Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).

  1. ^ Hance, Jeremy (2014). "In the shadows of Machu Picchu, scientists find 'extinct' cat-sized mammal". Mongabay. Retrieved 29 August 2016.
  2. ^ Turvey, Samuel T.; Weksler, Marcelo; Morris, Elaine L.; Nokkert, Mark (2010). "Taxonomy, phylogeny, and diversity of the extinct Lesser Antillean rice rats (Sigmodontinae: Oryzomyini), with description of a new genus and species". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 160 (4): 748–772. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00628.x.
  3. ^ a b MacPhee, R. D. E.; Burney, David A. (1991). "Dating of modified femora of extinct dwarf Hippopotamus from Southern Madagascar: Implications for constraining human colonization and vertebrate extinction events". Journal of Archaeological Science. 18 (6): 695–706. doi:10.1016/0305-4403(91)90030-S.
  4. ^ IUCN Redlist Categories and Criteria (PDF) (2nd ed.). Gland, Switzerland: IUCN Species Survival Commission. 2012. ISBN 978-2-8317-1435-6.
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference fisher was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference macphee was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference IUCNDATA was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ Řeháková, Milada; Řehák, Václav; Oliver, William L.R. (2015). "Rediscovery of the Dinagat Bushy-tailed Cloud Rat Crateromys australis (Musser, Heaney & Rabor, 1985) (Mammalia: Rodentia: Muridae) from Dinagat Island, Philippines". Journal of Threatened Taxa. 7 (8): 7428–7435. doi:10.11609/JoTT.o4226.7428-35.
  9. ^ Turvey, Samuel T.; Pitman, Robert L.; Taylor, Barbara L.; Barlow, Jay; Akamatsu, Tomonari; Barrett, Leigh A.; Zhao, Xiujiang; Reeves, Randall R.; Stewart, Brent S.; Kexiong, Wang; Zhuo, Wei; Zhang, Xianfeng; Pusser, L. T.; Richlen, Michael; Brandon, John R.; Wang, Ding (2007). "First human-caused extinction of a cetacean species?" (PDF). Biology Letters. 3 (5): 537–540. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2007.0292. PMC 2391192. PMID 17686754.
  10. ^ McDonald, Peters J.; Brittingham, Richie; Nano, C. E. M.; Paltridge, Rachel M. (2015). "A new population of the critically endangered central rock-rat (Zyzomys pedunculatus) discovered in the Northern Territory". Australian Mammalogy. 37: 97–100. doi:10.1071/AM14012.
  11. ^ Rao, S.; Ashraf, N. V. K.; Nixon, A. M. A. (2007). "Search for the Malabar Civet Viverra civettina in Karnataka and Kerala, India, 2006-2007". Small Carnivore Conservation. 37: 6–10.