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Coordinates: 47°31′11″N 14°57′05″E / 47.51972°N 14.95139°E / 47.51972; 14.95139
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Erzberg Railway
Two steam locomotives in steam, face-on
197.301 und 97.208 at Eisenerz station
Overview
Native nameErzbergbahn
StatusPartially closed; partially re-opened as heritage railway
Coordinates47°31′11″N 14°57′05″E / 47.51972°N 14.95139°E / 47.51972; 14.95139
Termini
Service
TypeHeavy rail
SystemÖBB
Route number61 (until 2001)
Technical
Line length49 km (30 mi)
Rack systemAbt (until 1978)
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Minimum radius182 metres (597 ft)
Electrification15 kV 16+2⁄3Hz (partial)
Operating speed80 km/h (50 mph)
Highest elevation1,204 m (3,950 ft)
Route map

Legend
from Bruck an der Mur
-0.500
 Leoben Hbf
540 m (AA)
Rudolf Railway
to St Michael
2.636
 Leoben-Donawitz
596 m above sea level (AA)
5.131
 Sankt Peter-Freienstein
5.786
 Sankt Peter-Freienstein Ort
7.047
 Gmeingrube
(closed 02 June 1996)
8.798
 Trofaiach
10.186
 Gladen
11.357
 Hafning
13.245
 Friedauwerk
14.924
19.700
 Vordernberg
768 m above sea level (AA)
18.087
 Vordernberg Markt [Note 1]
846 m above sea level (AA)
14.700
 Glaslbremse [Note 1]
1,042 m above sea level (AA)
12.000
 Präbichl
1,204 m above sea level (AA)
Präbichler tunnel (591 m)
9.300
 Feistawiese
1,100 m above sea level (AA)
Platten tunnel (1394 m)
6.800
 Erzberg
1,070 m above sea level (AA)
Kressenberg tunnel (154 m)
Klammwald tunnel (262 m)
1.500
 Krumpental
722 m above sea level (AA)
1.200
Voestalpine siding
0.712
Schichtturm tunnel (132 m)
0.000
14.480
 Eisenerz
692 m above sea level (AA)
12.000
 Münichtal
5.700
 Jassingau
0.847
 Hieflau yard
Rudolf Railway
to Kleinreifling
0.173
Waag tunnel (93 m)
0.000
 Hieflau
489 m above sea level (AA)
Rudolf Railway
to Selzthal

The Erzberg Railway[1] is an Austrian railway in the Land of Styria. It links the Southern Railway at Leoben with the Rudolf Railway at Hieflau, crossing the Präbichl pass. Until 1978 the middle section was worked as a rack railway.

The line (especially the section over the Präbichl pass) was originally built to transport iron ore from the Styrian Erzberg mountains to Leoben-Donawitz and Linz for smelting. Later development of the Präbichl area as a skiing and hiking resort brought tourist traffic. As passenger traffic switched to buses and cars on the road which runs parallel to the line, and ore transport switched to a less technically-challenging (and thus cheaper, though longer) route through Selzthal, the line became less commercially viable in the 1980s. Today only the two outer sections (between Leoben and Trofaiach, and between Eisenerz-Krumpental and Hieflau) are in commercial use, carrying goods traffic. The mountain section is now a heritage railway.

History

[edit]

Construction

[edit]
A steam locomotive mounted on a platform as a monument
Locomotive 97.217 is now a monument in Vordernberg's main square
Wooden warehouse buildings over a railway track
Iron ore loading facility at Erzberg station

The line was planned as far back as 1864, when it was one of a list of "important approved projects".[2] The original plan only included the two end sections: from Leoben to Vordernberg (opened on 18 May 1872)[Note 2] and from Hieflau to Eisenerz (opened on 6 January 1873). Following the takeover of the Innerberger Hauptgewerkschaft by the Austrian Alpine Mining Society in 1881, planning and construction of the middle section over the Präbichl pass was started in 1888. The concession was granted on 10 October;[3] construction was completed by the new Eisenerz-Vordenberg Local Railway Company, which was incorporated on 8 May 1889 as a subsidiary of the Austrian Alpine Mining Society.[4]

The first section built was an evaluation section through Vordernberg. The section from Vordernberg to the summit at Präbichl opened on 25 May 1891. At first trains only operated to Glaslbremse, which was as far as the steam locomotives' water supply could take them. Trains could only continue to Präbichl station from June, when a water crane was completed at Glaslbremse. The northern section from Präbichl to Eisenerz went into service on 18 August; the official opening was on 15 September, though at first the railway only carried goods traffic. Passenger service was introduced during the following summer.

The Eisenerz-Vordernberg Local Railway Company was already facing bankruptcy while the line was being built: on 31 October 1893 the line was finally absorbed into the state railway network.[2]

Decline

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The Weinzettelgraben viaduct in 2015

From 1971 onwards rack railway operations were gradually replaced with a completely adhesion-based service using railbuses and diesel locomotives. Conversion to adhesion operation was set back by an incident on 5 November 1976: a class 2067 shunting engine went out of control, ran downhill unbraked, covering about half the distance from Präbichl to Vordernberg, and finally derailed and fell down an embankment. Conversion to adhesion went ahead in spite of this incident: the Class 2043 locomotives intended for use on ore trains were fitted with additional safety systems (rail brakes and speed governors), forming class 2043.5xx. The last steam train ran on 30 September 1978, the last rack diesel locomotive service in December 1978. In spite of protests by rail enthusiasts the rack rails were removed from entire rack section.

The withdrawal of goods services (predominantly iron ore trains from Erzberg to Leoben) over the Präbichl pass in 1986 marked the end of the line as a continuous route. In 1988 an avalanche displaced the track, and was stated as the reason to suspend operations on the section between Vordernberg Markt and Eisenerz. In 1999 operations were also suspended on the outer northern section between Hieflau and Eisenerz. This section is now only used by iron ore trains carrying ore to Linz or to Leoben Donawitz: although Donawitz is on the Erzberg line, ore trains now take a longer route through Selzthal and over the Schober Pass. Passenger traffic on this northern section was made unviable by the reduction of services on the connecting Rudolf Railway to a minimum, making it highly unlikely that passenger service will be re-introduced.

Passenger services were finally completely withdrawn from the Leoben-Vordernberg Markt section in 2001; this section now only carries minimal goods traffic as far as Trofaiach. In 2005 the Graz/Styria passengers' organisation began campaigning to to re-introduce passenger service between Leoben and Trofaiach, as part of an S-Bahn network covering the Mur and Mürz river valleys.[5]

As a heritage railway

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A railbus on the heritage railway in 2004

The Erzberg Railway Association was founded in 1975, and has operated the mountain section of the line between Vordernberg Markt and Eisenerz as a heritage railway since 23 June 1990. The association leased the section between Vordernberg Markt and the Voestalpine siding in Krumpental from 1 January 1990, buying it outright on 25 June 2005 (backdated to 1 January).[6] The line operates on weekends from July to mid-September; special excursions are also possible between June and October. Because two of the Präbichl ski-resort's pistes cross the track, no winter service is possible. On 17 July 2010 part of the railway close to Erzberg station was buried by a mudflow, and the section between Eisenerz and Erzberg was closed for the foreseeable future.

On 1 June 2013 ÖBB withdrew from the contract which had allowed the association to use the still ÖBB-owned section of the line between Vordernberg and Vordernberg Markt. As a result the association couldn't move their own trains from their depot at Vordernberg onto their own track.[7] Operations were suspended and only resumed in the 2015 season, following an agreement reached at the end of 2014 whereby the association bought the section from ÖBB Infrastructure. As part of the agreement the purchase price remains confidential.[8]

In 2011 Österreichische Post issued a commemorative stamp on the occasion of the line's 120th anniversary.[9]

Technical details

[edit]
Technical drawing of a steam rack railway locomotive
Abt system rack railway locomotive, 1891
  • Until 1978, just under 20km of the line was fitted with the Abt rack system.
  • The line has a maximum gradient of 7.1% (1 in 14.08), and is thus the steepest standard-gauge railway operated by adhesion in the EU.[8]
  • The line crosses eight masonry viaducts (up to 32m high and 117m long) and passes through five tunnels.[10]

Rolling stock

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Rack operation

[edit]

Class 97, 197 and 297 steam locomotives, and class 2085.01 diesel rack locomotives were used.

Adhesion operation

[edit]

Specially modified class 2043.5 diesel locomotives came into service after rack operation was abandoned.

Following successful trials of the class 5081 railbuses in 1971, four units were assigned to the Vordernberg area. Two additional examples were purchased when service was extended to the Vordernberg-Eisenerz section. All railbuses were fitted with exhaust brakes (among other modifications), and re-classified as class 5081.5 (5081.560-565). Four of these railbuses are now used by the Erzberg Railway Association.

In 1972 some train services ran outside the summit section, running all the way from Leoben Hbf to Eisenerz; one train per day in each direction ran to Hieflau, using two railbuses coupled together.

Immediately before the end of scheduled services, the section between Vordernberg and Vordernberg Markt was electrified, to allow access by electric regional services from Leoben. Class 4030 multiple-units were adapted for this service: the middle carriage was removed, leaving a two-car unit (powered car and unpowered driving car). This ended an era of electric passenger service between Leoben and Vordernberg, which had been operated by Class 1245 electric locomotives hauling coaches.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Johannes C. Klossek: Von Vordernberg nach Eisenerz. Die Erzbergbahn in Stereo. 10 Hörszenen (…). Begleittext mit 20 Fotos. 1 Schallplatte, 1 Begleitheft. Franckh, Stuttgart 1973, ISBN 3-440-03954-4.
  • Peter Pospischil: Die steirische Erzbergbahn. Dieser Band behandelt die Bundesbahnstrecke Vordernberg–Eisenerz. 1. Auflage. Bahn im Bild, Band 2. Pospischil, Wien, 1978, ZDB-ID 52827-4. (Überarbeitete Auflage 1996).
  • Wolfgang Bleiweis: Die Zahnradbahn Eisenerz–Vordernberg. 1. Auflage. Arbeitsgemeinschaft Lokrundschau, Hamburg 1981, ISBN 3-923238-00-2.
  • Carl Asmus, Johann Stockklausner, Albert Ditterich: Volldampf auf der Erzbergbahn. Neuauflage. Eisenbahn-Journal, Special-Ausgabe, Band 1993,9. Hermann-Merker-Verlag, Fürstenfeldbruck 1883, ISBN 3-922404-52-9.
  • 100 Jahre Erzbergbahn Eisenerz–Vordernberg. 1891–1991. (Zahnradbahn-Verein Erzbergbahn), Vordernberg 1991, OBV.
  • Gerold Stadlober: Die Eisenbahnlinie Vordernberg–Eisenerz unter Berücksichtigung ihrer wirtschaftlichen Bedeutung. Diplomarbeit. Universität Graz, Graz 1991, OBV.
  • Josef Högemann: Erzberg adé. Dampf bis in den Himmel. In: Lok-Magazin. Aktuelles, Fahrzeuge, Geschichte. Nr. 258, Jahrgang 42/2003. GeraNova Zeitschriftenverlag GmbH, München 2003, ZDB-ID 505096-0, S. 84–89.
  • Manfred Hohn: Eisenbahnen am Steirischen Erzberg. Die Geschichte des Steirischen Erzberges mit seinen 300 Lokomotiven. Zum Jubiläum 200 Jahre Eisenbahnen am Steirischen Erzberg. Verlag Leykam, Graz 2010, ISBN 978-3-7011-7724-0.
  • Arthur Meyer, Josef Pospichal: Zahnradbahnlokomotiven aus Floridsdorf. Verlag bahnmedien.at, Wien 2012, ISBN 978-3-9503304-0-3.
  • Christian Weissensteiner: … Trailstation … Die Revitalisierung der Erzbergbahn. Diplomarbeit. Technische Universität Graz, Graz 2014, OBV.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Eisenbahnatlas Österreich (in German), Köln: Verlag Schweers + Wall, 2005, pp. 49 und 69, ISBN 3-89494-128-6
  2. ^ a b Manfred Wehdorn, Ute Georgeacopol-Winischofer, Paul W. Roth, Elfriede Mejchar (photography): Baudenkmäler der Technik und Industrie in Österreich. Band 2: Steiermark, Kärnten. Böhlau, Wien 1991, ISBN 3-205-05202-1, page 22 ([1], p. 22, at Google Books)
  3. ^ RGBl 1888/178. In: Reichsgesetzblatt für die im Reichsrathe vertretenen Königreiche und Länder, Year 1888, p. 777–782. (Online bei ANNO)Template:ANNO/Maintenance/rgb.
  4. ^ Firma-Protokollirungen (…) Localbahn Eisenerz-Vordernberg (…). In: Wiener Zeitung, 18 May 1889, p. 18 (Online at ANNO)Template:ANNO/Maintenance/wrz.
  5. ^ "Styrian Passengers' Assocation: S-Bahn Leoben-Trofaiach" (in German). Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  6. ^ Verein Erzbergbahn: Geschichte. In: erzbergbahn.at, abgerufen am 5. September 2011.
  7. ^ "Is this the beginning of the end?" (in German). Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  8. ^ a b "The Erzberg Railway and ÖBB secure an important piece of cultural heritage" (in German). Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  9. ^ "Austria Forum" (in German). Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  10. ^ "Line profile" (PDF) (in German). Retrieved 27 September 2016.

Notes

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  1. ^ a b In 1891 there was a halt (and later a goods unloading bay) called Schönauhalde at kilometer 17.07 (896m altitude). – see Heinrich Hess: Eine neue Gebirgsbahn: Eisenerz–Vordernberg. In: Mittheilungen des Deutschen und Oesterreichischen Alpenvereins, Nr. 14/1901, Jahrgang 1901 (Band XVII), S. 193 f. (Online at ALO), also: Streckentopographie Erzbergbahn (PDF; 55 KB), Vordernberg 2011, S. 5.
  2. ^ The opening was scheduled for January 1872, including passenger and goods service by means of two mixed trains per day. (see Geschäfts- und Verkehrs-Zeitung. (…) Eisenbahnlinie Leoben–Vordernberg. In: Neues Fremden-Blatt, 19 Jänner 1872, p. 06 (Online at ANNO)Template:ANNO/Maintenance/nfb.) Delaying factors included a workers' protest which broke out in Trofaiach on 19 January, caused by a reduction in hourly wages. (see Kleine Chronik. (…) Ueber einen Arbeitertumult. In: Die Presse (1848–1896), 22 Jänner 1872, p. 04 (Online at ANNO)Template:ANNO/Maintenance/apr.)
    On 19 March 1872 "a machine ran" on the line. On 2 April five ballast trucks carrying 28 workers ran away from "Friedau station"; after running more than 7km down the track they collided with a stationary works wagon at "St Peter station" and derailed, causing significant damage to the line. One worker was killed after jumping out of the moving train. (see Kleine Chronik. (…) Bahnunglück. In: Die Presse (1848–1896), 3 April 1872, p. 23 (Online at ANNO)Template:ANNO/Maintenance/apr.)
    The opening of the Leoben-Vordernberg stretch (operated by the Southern Railway) including the following stations: Leoben, Donawitz, St. Peter-Freyenstein, Gemeindegrub, Trofajoch (sic!) und Vordernberg (all for passenger and goods traffic); and the halt at Hafning, for passengers and baggage. (see Eröffnung der Bahnstrecke Leoben–Vordernberg. In: Wiener Sonn- und Montags-Zeitung, 20 May 1872, p. 06 (Online at ANNO)Template:ANNO/Maintenance/wsz.)
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Erzbergbahn.

Category:Railway lines in Austria Category:Rack railways in Austria Category:Heritage railways in Austria Category:Mountain railways Category:Iron ore railways

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