User:Sidhu.24/sandbox

Sandeep Sidhu Recitation: Thursday 3:00 pm

Topic: How does stress from pregnant mother, affect the infant's lifetime?

1. Abubakar, A., Holding, P., Fons J. R. Van de Vijver, Newton, C., & Baar, A. (2009, November 27). Children at risk for developmental delay can be recognized by stunting, being underweight, ill health, little maternal schooling or high gravidity. Retrieved September 14, 2014, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2919164/

Article talks about children that are born into poverty are at developmental disadvantages from the beginning. During pregnancy, the poverty stricken mother has very little to offer the fetus in terms of nutrition. The infant is born with abnormalities such as ill health and malnourishment.

2. Cho, J., Holditch-Davis, D., & Miles, M. (5, June 28). Effects of Maternal Depressive Symptoms and Infant Gender on the Interactions Between Mothers and Their Medically At-Risk Infants. Retrieved September 14, 2014, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2718685/

The mothers that were diagnosed with clinical depression, often demonstrated less positive parenting to premature infants than compared to mothers with full term infants.

3.DiPietro, J. (2004). The Role Of Prenatal Maternal Stress In Child Development. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 13(2), 71-74. (2004, April 1). Retrieved September 14, 2014.

It's commonly believed that stress during pregnancy affects infants negatively. This study examined maternal stress in rodents and primates, which stated that long-term learning, motor development, and behavior into the following lineage is affected. The applicability of these results are correlated to human pregnancy and infancy.

4. Shonkoff, J., Garner, A., Siegel, B., Dobbins, M., Earls, M., Garner, A., ... Wood, D. (2011). The Lifelong Effects of Early Childhood Adversity and Toxic Stress. Pediatrics, E232-E246. (2011, December 26). Retrieved September 14, 2014.

Although it does not discuss maternal stress as the main focus point, it does mention that real world tensions such as socio economic backgrounds can play an effect on child behavior and toxicity. Children who are maltreated, born into poverty, and /or discriminated will also have more toxic stress.

5. Mulder, E., Robles de Medina, P., Huizink, A., Van Dden Bergh, B., Buitelaar, J., & GH, V. (2002, December 1). Result Filters. Retrieved September 15, 2014, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12441200

Previous testing in animals concluded that offspring have permanent changes in neuroendocrine in offspring. Study discussed that pregnant women with high stress and anxiety are increased risk for spontaneous abortion and malformed infants.

6.Klinnert, M., Nelson, H., Price, M., Adinoff, A., Leung, D., & Mrazek, D. (2001). Onset and persistence of childhood asthma: Predictors from infancy. US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health

If asthma runs in the family, then the children can start showing symptoms starting at age three.

7.Stress & Pregnancy, Fetal Affects, on MedicineNet.com. (n.d.). Retrieved September 15, 2014, from http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=51730

8. Freeman, S. (n.d.). HowStuffWorks "5 Ways Stress Can Affect a Pregnancy" Retrieved September 15, 2014, from http://health.howstuffworks.com/pregnancy-and-parenting/pregnancy/issues/5-ways-stress-can-affect-pregnancy.htm#page=1

3 Suggestions 9/30/2014

Wiki page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gestational_hypertension

I put some suggestions together to the best of my knowledge. The article could use some further editing to provide better information of Gestational Hypertension.

1.)When talking about treatment, there should be some more information made available to readers. A patient can ask their doctor on what precautions to take. Here is a commendable article explaining Gestational hypertension and some treatment options: [3] — Preceding unsigned comment added by Sidhu.24 (talk • contribs) 23:58, 30 September 2014 (UTC) Gestational Hypertension: Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH) | APA. (2014, January 1). Retrieved September 30, 2014, from http://americanpregnancy.org/pregnancy-complications/pregnancy-induced-hypertension/

2.) The effects that pregnancy induced hypertension has on the fetus should also be discussed. This article outlines the effects on the mother and fetus. [1] Sidhu.24 (talk) 00:09, 1 October 2014 (UTC) Lapidus, A. (2011, July 11). Effects of preeclampsia on the mother, fetus and child. Retrieved October 1, 2014. http://www.obgyn.net/fetal-monitoring/effects-preeclampsia-mother-fetus-and-child

3.) Any sudden symptoms could also be a good factor of discussion. [2] Sidhu.24 (talk) 00:19, 1 October 2014 (UTC) Pregnancy induced hypertension. (n.d.). Retrieved September 30, 2014, from http://www.chw.org/medical-care/fetal-concerns-center/programs/conditions/pregnancy-complications/pregnancy-induced-hypertension/