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The Olympic Games is a major international multi-sport event. Over the course of its history the Olympics have been boycotted on six occasions for a number of political reasons. Only Summer Olympics have been boycotted; no Winter Olympics have ever faced a boycott. The first boycott occurred at the 1956 Games and the most recent was at the 1988 Games.

Rhodesia was prevented from entering when its invitation to the 1972 Summer Olympics was withdrawn by the International Olympic Committee, following protests by other African countries. South Africa was not invited to the 1964 games, and its invitation to the 1968 games was withdrawn when numerous other teams threatened to withdraw. South Africawas not permitted to return to the Olympics until the 1992 Summer Olympics.

Canada and Australia indicated they would boycott the 2020 Summer Olympics over the Coronavirus epidemic, unless the games were postponed until 2021.[1] The games were subsequently postponed until 2021 the following day.[2]

Overview

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The following table presents an overview of the six Olympic Games where at least one National Olympic Committee (NOC) boycotted the event. Olympics where boycotts were discussed but not actually executed are not included.

Olympiad Year Host Country Host City Boycotting NOCs Participating NOCs Reason(s)
XVI 1956  Australia Melbourne 72 Israeli invasion of Egypt, Soviet invasion of Hungary, Participation of the Republic of China
XVIII 1964  Japan Tokyo 93
XXI 1976  Canada Montreal 22 92 1976 New Zealand rugby union tour of South Africa
XXII 1980  Soviet Union Moscow 80 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan
XXIII 1984  United States Los Angeles 14 140 1980 Summer Olympics boycott
XXIV 1988  South Korea Seoul 159
Olympiad Year Host Country Host City Boycotting and non-attending countries (with map)
XI 1936  Germany Berlin Countries boycotting the 1936 Games are shaded red
  1.  Spain Note: withdrew because of the Civil war
  2.  Soviet Union Note: the USSR did not participate at the Summer Olympics until 1952
XVI 1956  Australia Melbourne Countries boycotting the 1956 Games are shaded blue
  1.  Egypt
  2.  Iraq
  3.  Lebanon
  4.  Netherlands
  5.  Cambodia
  6.  Spain
  7.   Switzerland
  8.  People's Republic of China
XVIII 1964  Japan Tokyo Countries boycotting the 1964 Games are shaded red
  1.  North Korea
  2.  Indonesia
  3.  China
XXI 1976  Canada Montreal Countries boycotting the 1976 Games are shaded blue
  1.  Algeria
  2.  Benin
  3.  Burma
  4.  Cameroon
  5.  Central African Republic
  6.  Chad
  7.  Congo
  8.  Egypt
  9.  Ethiopia
  10.  Gabon
  11.  Gambia
  12.  Ghana
  13.  Guyana
  14.  Iraq
  15.  Kenya
  16.  Libya
  17.  Lesotho
  18.  Madagascar
  19.  Malawi
  20.  Mali
  21.  Morocco
  22.  Niger
  23.  Nigeria
  24.  Republic of China
  25.  Somalia
  26.  Sri Lanka
  27.  Sudan
  28.  Swaziland
  29.  Tanzania
  30.  Togo
  31.  Tunisia
  32.  Uganda
  33.  Upper Volta
  34.  Zambia
XXII 1980  Soviet Union Moscow Countries boycotting the 1980 Games are shaded blue
  1.  Albania (no reason given)
  2.  Antigua and Barbuda
  3.  Argentina
  4.  Bahamas
  5.  Bahrain
  6.  Bangladesh
  7.  Barbados
  8.  Belize
  9.  Bermuda
  10.  Bolivia
  11.  Canada
  12.  Cayman Islands
  13.  Central African Republic
  14.  Chad
  15.  Chile
  16.  China
  17.  Egypt
  18.  El Salvador
  19.  Fiji
  20.  Gabon
  21.  Gambia
  22.  Ghana
  23.  Haiti
  24.  Honduras
  25.  Hong Kong
  26.  Indonesia
  27.  Iran
  28.  Israel
  29.  Ivory Coast
  30.  Japan
  31.  Kenya
  32.  South Korea
  33.  Liberia
  34.  Liechtenstein
  35.  Malawi
  36.  Malaysia
  37.  Mauritania
  38.  Monaco
  39.  Mauritius
  40.  Morocco
  41.  Netherlands Antilles
  42.  Niger
  43.  Norway
  44.  Pakistan
  45.  Panama
  46.  Papua New Guinea
  47.  Paraguay
  48.  Philippines
  49.  Qatar
  50.  Saudi Arabia
  51.  Singapore
  52.  Somalia
  53.  Sudan
  54.  Suriname
  55.  Swaziland
  56.  Chinese Taipei / Taiwan (protesting the Nagoya Resolution designating it as "Chinese Taipei")
  57.  Thailand
  58.  Togo
  59.  Tunisia
  60.  Turkey
  61.  United Arab Emirates
  62.  United States
  63.  Uruguay
  64.  United States Virgin Islands
  65.  West Germany
  66.  Zaire
XXIII 1984  United States Los Angeles Countries boycotting the 1984 Games are shaded blue
  1.  Soviet Union
  2.  Bulgaria
  3.  East Germany
  4.  Mongolia
  5.  Vietnam
  6.  Laos
  7.  Czechoslovakia
  8.  Afghanistan
  9.  Hungary
  10.  Poland
  11.  Cuba
  12.  South Yemen
  13.  North Korea
  14.  Ethiopia
  15.  Angola
  16.  Albania (no reason given)
  17.  Iran
  18.  Libya
XXIV 1988  South Korea Seoul Countries boycotting the 1988 Games are shaded blue
  1.  Ethiopia (did not respond to invitation)
  2.  Nicaragua (financial)
  3.  Madagascar (financial)
  4.  Cuba
  5.  Albania (did not respond to invitation)
  6.  North Korea
  7.  Seychelles (did not respond to invitation)
XXXII 2020  Japan Tokyo
  1.  Canada (due to COVID-19 pandemic)
  2.  Australia (due to COVID-19 pandemic)

Boycotts by year

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1956

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Countries boycotting the 1956 Games are shaded blue.

1964

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1976

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1980

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Main article: 1980 Summer Olympics boycott

1984

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Main article: 1984 Summer Olympics boycott

1988

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Other incidents

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In addition to the six Games where boycotts were organized, NOCs have threatened to boycott other events in the past.

2020

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In March 2020, the Canadian Olympic Committee stated that it would boycott the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo if it was not postponed to 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Canada, Australia withdraw from Tokyo 2020 as organizers ponder postponement". cnbc.com. 2020-03-23. Retrieved 2020-04-18.
  2. ^ https://www.espn.com/olympics/story/_/id/28946033/tokyo-olympics-officially-postponed-2021
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