The list of the most wealthy historical figures of 2008 is based on research done around the world by Forbes magazine in 2007 and other sources of information, and has been adjusted for 2007 US dollars.[ 1] This is a list of historical figures who lived during the Industrial age ,[ 2] [ 3] [ 4] Information Age , Middle Ages ,[ 5] Ancient world [ 6] and is solely based on net worth accumulated by inheritance or personal earnings. The ranking process is done by the percentage of the total GDP of the nation they live in. The estimated net worth of these people is calculated into inflation-adjusted 2007 dollars, from when historical figures were at the peak of their net worth.[ 7] [ 8] In order to be inflation adjusted for 2007 dollars, the bearer of wealth at time of death or at highest point must be at least 16 years ago. For last year's figures, go to Wealthy Historical Figures 2007 .[ 9] [ 10] [ 11] [ 12]
Rank
Name
Age at peak wealth
Current age, or age at death
Net worth (in billion 2007 US dollars)
Birthplace
Current or final place of residence
Main income source
1.
John D. Rockefeller
74
97
318.3
United States
United States
Standard Oil
2.
Andrew Carnegie
68
83
298.3
Scotland
United States
Carnegie Steel Company
3.
Nicholas II of Russia
49
50
253.5
Russian Empire
Russian Empire
House of Romanov
4.
William Henry Vanderbilt
64
64
231.6
United States
United States
Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad
5.
Osman Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VII
50
80
225.8
British India
India
Monarchy
6.
Andrew W. Mellon
80
82
188.8
United States
United States
Gulf Oil , Mellon Financial
7.
Henry Ford
57
83
188.1
United States
United States
Ford Motor Company
8.
Marcus Licinius Crassus
62
62
169.8
Roman Republic
Roman Republic
Heritage , tenant and mining speculations, slave trade , land ownership acquired by proscriptions
9.
Basil II
67
67
169.4
Byzantine Empire
Byzantine Empire
Monarchy
10.
Cornelius Vanderbilt
82
82
167.4
United States
United States
New York and Harlem Railroad , Steamship Lines
11.
Alanus Rufus
49
49
166.9
Brittany
England
Investments
12.
Amenhotep III
50
50
155.2
Ancient Egypt (New Kingdom )
Ancient Egypt (New Kingdom )
Pharaoh
13.
William de Warenne, 1st Earl of Surrey
38
38
153.6
Normandy
England
Earl of Surrey
14.
William II of England
44
44
151.7
Normandy
England
Monarchy
15.
Elizabeth I
69
69
142.9
England
England
Monarchy , House of Tudor
16.
John D. Rockefeller, Jr.
54
86
141.4
United States
United States
Standard Oil
17.
Sam Walton
74
74
128.0
United States
United States
Wal-Mart
18.
John Jacob Astor
84
84
115.0
Electorate of the Palatinate
United States
American Fur Company
19.
Odo of Bayeux
61
61
110.2
Normandy
England
Monarchy
20.
Bill Gates
44
53
100.0
United States
United States
Microsoft
21.
Stephen Girard
81
81
99.5
France
United States
First Bank of the United States
22.
Cleopatra
39
39
95.8
Hellenistic Egypt
Hellenistic Egypt
Ptolemaic Inheritance
23.
Napoleon Bonaparte
52
52
90.0
Corsica
Saint Helena
French Empire
24.
Stephen Van Rensselaer III
81
81
88.8
United States
United States
Rensselaerswyck Estate
25.
Richard B. Mellon
70
74
86.3
United States
United States
Gulf Oil
26.
Alexander Turney Stewart
72
72
84.7
United Kingdom
United States
Long Island Rail Road
27.
William Backhouse Astor, Jr.
45
61
84.7
United States
United States
Inheritance
28.
Simón Iturri Patiño
69
87
81.2
Bolivia
Bolivia
Huanuni tin mine
29.
Frederick Weyerhaeuser
80
80
80.4
Hesse
United States
Weyerhaeuser Corporation
30.
Moses Taylor
38
76
79.3
United States
United States
Banking , Communications , Transport
31.
Vincent Astor
26
67
73.9
United States
United States
Inheritance
32.
Ingvar Kamprad
61
61
69.2
Sweden
Sweden
Ikea
33.
Lakshmi Mittal
54
54
69.1
India
United Kingdom
Arcelor Mittal
34.
Carlos Slim Helú
67
68
68.6
Mexico
Mexico
Telmex
35.
T.V. Soong
60
77
67.8
China
United States
Central Bank of China
36.
Jay Gould
56
56
67.1
United States
United States
Union Pacific
37.
Marshall Field
74
74
66.3
United States
United States
Marshall Field and Company
38.
George F. Baker
84
91
63.6
United States
United States
Central Railroad of New Jersey
39.
Warren Buffett
76
77
62.0
United States
United States
Berkshire Hathaway
40.
Hetty Green
71
71
58.8
United States
United States
Seaboard National Bank
41.
Lawrence Joseph Ellison
55
61
58.0
United States
United States
Oracle Corporation
42.
Richard Arkwright
59
59
56.2
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Derwent Valley Mills
43.
Mukesh Ambani
50
50
55.8
India
India
Reliance Industries
44.
Yoshiaki Tsutsumi
54
74
51.1
Japan
Japan
Seibu Corporation
45.
J. Paul Getty
83
83
50.1
United States
England
Getty Oil Company
46.
James G. Fair
63
63
47.2
United States
United States
James Graham Fair
47.
William Weightman
91
86
46.1
United States
United States
Merck & Company
48.
Russell Sage
89
89
45.1
United States
United States
Western Union
49.
John Blair
68
68
45.1
United States
United States
Union Pacific
50.
Anil Ambani
48
48
45.0
India
India
Reliance Communications
51.
Leland Stanford
69
69
44.9
United States
United States
Central Pacific Railroad
52.
Howard Robard Hughes Jr.
45
70
43.4
United States
United States
Hughes Tool Company , Hughes Aircraft Company , Summa Corporation , TWA
53.
Cyrus Curtis
82
82
43.2
United States
United States
Curtis Publishing Company
54.
John Insley Blair
97
97
42.4
United States
United States
Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad
55.
Edward Henry Harriman
61
61
40.9
United States
United States
Union Pacific Railroad
56.
Henry H. Rogers
69
69
40.9
United States
United States
Standard Oil Company
57.
Paul Allen
46
53
40.0
United States
United States
Microsoft , Vulcan Inc.
58.
John Werner Kluge
76
93
40.0
Germany
United States
Metropolitan Broadcasting Company
59.
J.P. Morgan
76
76
39.8
United States
United States
General Electric , U.S. Steel
60.
Cecil John Rhodes
48
48
38.5
United Kingdom
South Africa
De Beers
61.
Henry Clay Frick
68
70
37.7
United States
United States
Carnegie Steel Company
62.
John Jacob Astor IV
47
47
37.0
United States
United States
Inheritance
63.
George Pullman
56
66
35.6
United States
United States
Pullman Company
64.
Collis Potter Huntington
70
79
34.6
United States
United States
Central Pacific Railroad
65.
Peter Arrell Brown Widener
71
71
33.5
United States
United States
American Tobacco Company
66.
Philip Danforth Armour
68
68
33.4
United States
United States
Armour Refrigerator Line
67.
William S. O'Brien
53
53
33.3
United States
United States
Consolidated Virginia Mining Company
68.
James C. Flood
52
62
32.5
United States
United States
Consolidated Virginia Mining Company
69.
K. P. Singh
76
76
32.9
India
India
DLF Universal Limited
70.
Li Ka-shing
79
79
32.0
Hong Kong
Hong Kong, China
Hutchison Whampoa Limited
71.
Anthony N. Brady
79
79
31.7
United States
United States
Brooklyn Rapid Transit
72.
Elias Hasket Derby
59
59
31.4
United States
United States
Shipping
73.
Mark Hopkins
64
64
30.9
United States
United States
Central Pacific Railroad
74.
Edward Clark
71
71
30.2
United States
United States
Singer Sewing Machine Company
75.
Prince Al-Waleed bin Talal
48
48
29.5
Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabian
Kingdom Holding Company
76.
Saudi Arabian King Fahd
75
83
29.3
Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia
King
77.
Thomas Fortune Ryan
77
77
28.2
United States
United States
British-American Tobacco Company
78.
Sheldon Adelson
72
72
28.0
United States
United States
Las Vegas Sands
79.
William Rockefeller
69
69
28.0
United States
United States
Standard Oil
80.
Calouste Gulbenkian
86
86
28.0
Armenia
Portugal
Iraq Petroleum Company
81.
H. L. Hunt
75
85
27.5
United States
United States
Hunt Refining Company
82.
Nicholas Longworth
61
61
27.2
United States
United States
House Majority Leader
83.
Queen Elizabeth II
53
81
26.2
Great Britain
Great Britain
Queen , Head of the Commonwealth
84.
Gordon Moore
62
78
26.0
United States
United States
Intel Corporation
85.
Bernard Arnault
57
57
26.0
France
France
LVMH
86.
Claus Spreckels
59
59
24.9
Hanover
United States
Spreckels Sugar Company
87.
George Peabody
74
74
24.8
United States
United States
Peabody Trust
88.
Amancio Ortega
71
71
24.0
Spain
Spain
Inditex Group
89.
Lee Shau Kee
79
79
23.0
China
China
Henderson Land Development
90.
Steven Ballmer
43
51
23.0
United States
United States
Microsoft
91.
Saudi Arabian King King Abdullah
82
82
23.0
Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia
Monarchy
92.
Charles Crocker
66
66
22.7
United States
United States
Central Pacific Railroad
93.
Kenneth Thomson
82
82
22.6
Canada
Canada
Thomson Corporation
94.
William Andrews Clark
86
86
22.6
United States
United States
Los Angeles and Salt Lake Railroad
95.
George Eastman
78
78
22.5
United States
United States
Eastman Kodak Company
96.
Charles Tiffany
90
90
22.0
United States
United States
Tiffany & Co.
97.
David Thomson
50
50
22.0
Canada
Canada
Thomson Corporation
98.
Edward Stephen Harkness
66
66
21.5
United States
United States
Standard Oil
99.
Henry M. Flagler
83
83
21.1
United States
United States
Florida East Coast Railway
100.
James Buchanan Duke
68
68
21.1
United States
United States
American Tobacco Company
101.
Roman Abramovich
40
40
21.0
Russia
Russia , United Kingdom
Millhouse Capital
102.
Sunil Mittal
57
57
20.9
India
India
Bharti Airtel
103.
Jim Walton
52
56
20.8
United States
United States
Wal-Mart
104.
Liliane Bettencourt
85
85
20.7
France
France
L'Oréal
105.
John T. Walton
51
58
20.7
United States
United States
Wal-Mart
106.
Samuel Robson Walton
61
57
20.5
United States
United States
Wal-Mart
107.
Alice Walton
54
50
20.5
United States
United States
Wal-Mart
108.
Christy Walton
51
51
20.5
United States
United States
Wal-Mart
109.
Helen Walton
82
87
20.4
United States
United States
Wal-Mart
110.
Israel Thorndike
87
87
20.4
United States
United States
China trade
111.
Karl Albrecht
83
87
20.0
Germany
Germany
ALDI
112.
Michael Dell
41
42
20.0
United States
United States
Dell, Inc.
113.*
Gerard Mulliez
76
76
19.9
France
France
Auchan
114.
Isaac Merritt Singer
63
63
19.5
United States
United States
Singer Sewing Machine Company
115.
George Hearst
70
70
19.4
United States
United States
Hearst, Haggin, Tevis and Co.
116.
John Hancock
70
70
19.3
United States
United States
Hancock Manor
117.
John W. Garrett
64
64
19.3
United States
United States
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
118.
John William Mackay
71
71
19.2
United States
United States
Consolidated Virginia and California
119.
Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan
60
60
19.0
United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates
Inheritance
120.
Julius Rosenwald
69
69
18.9
United States
United States
Sears, Roebuck and Company
121.
Sergey Brin
34
33
18.5
United States
United States
Google
122.
Larry Page
34
34
18.5
United States
United States
Google
123.
Azim Premji
62
62
18.5
India
India
Wipro Technologies
124.
Stefan Persson
59
59
18.4
Sweden
Sweden
Hennes & Mauritz
125.
Kirk Kerkorian
90
90
18.0
United States
United States
MGM Mirage
126.
George Washington
67
67
17.7
United States
United States
Mount Vernon Plantation
127.
Adolphus Busch
77
77
17.6
United States
United States
Anheuser-Busch Companies, Inc.
128.
John T. Dorrance
67
67
17.5
United States
United States
Campbell Soup Company
129.
Theo Albrecht
85
85
17.5
Germany
Germany
ALDI
130.
David H. Koch
67
67
17.0
United States
United States
Koch Industries
131.
Charles G. Koch
72
72
17.0
United States
United States
Koch Industries
132.
George Pullman
66
66
16.5
United States
United States
Pullman sleeping car
133.
Yang Huiyan
26
26
16.2
China
China
Country Garden
134.
Robert Wood Johnson, Jr.
74
74
15.9
United States
United States
Johnson & Johnson
135.
Horace E. Dodge
52
52
15.5
United States
United States
Dodge Brothers Company
136.
John F. Dodge
65
65
15.5
United States
United States
Dodge Brothers Company
137.
William Henry Aspinwall
68
68
15.1
United States
United States
Pacific Mail
138.
Abigail Johnson
43
43
15.0
United States
United States
Fidelity Investments
139.
Barbara Cox Anthony
85
85
14.6
United States
United States
Cox Enterprises
140.
Felix Yussupov
29
80
14.6
Russia
France
House of Yusupov
141.
James J. Hill
77
77
14.6
United States
United States
Great Northern Railway
142.
Carl C. Icahn
71
71
14.5
United States
United States
TWA
143.
François Pinault
71
71
14.5
France
France
PPR
144.
Johns Hopkins
77
77
14.5
United States
United States
Pacific Mail
145.
Suleyman Kerimov
41
41
14.4
USSR
Russia
Gazprom
146.
Vladimir Lisin
51
51
14.3
Russia
Russia
Novolipetsk Steel
147.
Samuel Colt
48
48
14.2
United States
United States
Colt's Patent Firearms Manufacturing Company
148.
Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum
58
58
14.0
United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates
Inheritance
149.
Sumner Redstone
76
84
14.0
United States
United States
CBS
150.
Gerald Grosvenor, 6th Duke of Westminster
56
57
14.0
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Grosvenor Group
151.
Jack C. Taylor
84
84
13.9
United States
United States
Enterprise Rent-A-Car Company
152.
James Stillman
67
67
13.9
United States
United States
Texas and Pacific Railway
153.
William Collins Whitney
63
63
13.8
United States
United States
Metropolitan Street Railway
154.
Vladimir Potanin
46
46
13.5
Russia
Russia
United Export Import Bank
155.
Mikhail Prokhorov
42
42
13.5
Russia
Russia
MMC Norilsk Nickel
156.
Oleg Deripaska
42
42
13.3
Russia
Russia
Rusal
157.
William Thaw
71
71
13.2
United States
United States
Pennsylvania Railroad
158.
Donald Bren
75
75
13.0
United States
United States
Irvine Company
159.
Cyrus McCormick
85
85
12.9
United States
United States
International Harvester Company
160.
Anil Agarwal
54
54
12.7
India
India
Vedanta Resources
161.
Mikhail Fridman
43
43
12.6
Russia
Russia
Alfa Group
162.
Anne Cox Chambers
88
88
12.6
United States
United States
Cox Enterprises
163.
Kumar Mangalam Birla
40
40
12.5
India
India
Aditya Birla Group
164.
Arthur Vining Davis
95
95
12.4
United States
United States
Aluminum Company of America
165.
Joseph Pulitzer
64
64
12.0
United States
United States
St. Louis Post-Dispatch
166.
Silvio Berlusconi
71
71
11.8
Italy
Italy
Fininvest
167.
Daniel Willis James
75
75
11.7
England
United States
Ansonia Clock Company
168.
Nasser Al-Kharafi
63
63
11.5
Kuwait
Kuwait
M.A. Kharafi & Sons
169.
Leonardo Del Vecchio
72
72
11.5
Italy
Italy
Luxottica
170.
Franklin Winfield Woolworth
50
66
11.3
United States
United States
F.W. Woolworth Company
171.
Alexei Mordashov
42
42
11.2
Russia
Russia
Severstal
172.
Hans Rausing
81
81
11.1
Sweden
United Kingdom
Tetra Pak
173.
Charlie Ergen
46
54
11.0
United States
United States
EchoStar Communications Corporation
174.
Spiro Latsis
61
61
11.0
Greece
Greece
EFG Bank European Financial Group
175.
Birgit Rausing
83
83
11.0
Sweden
Switzerland
Tetra Pak & DeLaval
176.
Jay Van Andel
66
84
11.0
United States
United States
Amway
177.
John McDonogh
71
71
10.8
United States
United States
American Colonization Society
178.
Samuel Slater
76
76
10.4
United States
United States
Slater Mill
179.
Viktor Vekselberg
50
51
10.4
Russia
Russia
Renova Group
180.
Galen Weston
66
68
10.4
Canada
Canada
George Weston Limited
181.
Benjamin Franklin
84
84
10.3
United States
United States
Pennsylvania Gazette
182.
August Belmont
83
83
10.0
United States
United States
Democratic National Committee
183.
Serge Dassault
82
82
10.0
France
France
Dassault Group
184.
Tulsi Tanti
48
48
10.0
India
India
Suzlon Energy
185.
Michele Ferrero
81
81
10.0
Italy
Italy
Ferrero SpA
186.
Ronald Owen Perelman
47
64
10.0
United States
United States
Revlon Corporation
187.
Naguib Sawiris
52
52
10.0
Egypt
Egypt
Orascom group
188.
Capt. Robert Dollar
88
88
9.5
United States
United States
Pacific Mail Steamship Company
189.
Henry Phipps
90
90
9.1
United States
United States
Carnegie Steel Company
190.
Rupert Murdoch
76
76
9.0
Australia
United States
News Corporation
191.
Richard Warren Sears
56
80
9.0
United States
United States
Sears, Roebuck and Company
192.
Richard DeVos
64
81
8.9
United States
United States
Amway
193.
Pierre Omidyar
40
40
8.8
France
United States
eBay
194.
Ernesto Bertarelli
42
42
8.8
Italy
Switzerland
Merck Serono
195.
George Soros
77
77
8.5
Hungary
United States
Soros Fund Management
196.
Samuel Irving Newhouse, Jr.
80
80
8.5
United States
United States
Advance Publications
197.
Charles W. Post
59
59
8.2
United States
United States
Postum Cereal Co.
198.
Peter Chardon Brooks
81
81
8.0
United States
United States
New England Insurance Company
199.
Mohammed Al Amoudi
61
61
8.0
Ethiopia
Saudi Arabia
Corral Petroleum Holdings
200.
Sir Richard Charles Branson
57
57
7.8
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Virgin Group
Background on the list [ edit ]
There are some changes since the Wealthy historical figures 2007 , and also some returning members. There are new rules and outlines defining a historical figure, rules that are only needed to make the list more simple. There are also members from Ancient Rome , such as Marcus Licinius Crassus , who in the 1st century B.C. was the wealthiest person alive. For more on the GDP of that time, go to List of regions by past GDP (PPP) .
There have been other recent changes to the list over the span of a year:
The 17 year limit has been lowered to 16 years due to excessive length.
Andrew Carnegie has been doubled in fortune due to new information regarding his previous wealth, Andrew Mellon has been tripled in fortune and H.L. Hunt has been demoted due to lack of information to support his previous wealth estimate.
If there is no photo of a member, the logo of their company is inserted until a replacement can be found.
There are usually 100 members in the list, now there are 200 on the list, including modern billionaires.
Only billionaires qualify for this list, no modern millionaires.
The Walton family has decreased because of the death of Helen Walton and her personal fortune being donated to charities , the estimated decrease of money is expected to reach $69.1 billion by 2009, until then, the level is roughly half that. The families on this are based on their current wealth, not at the time of when it was the highest, as it says on the top of the list. John D. Rockefeller has increased his fortune number faster than the GDP calculations per year should do, the explanation for this is that in 1937, he had a fortune of $1,800,000,000, $1,000,000,000 in 1916, and $900,000,000 in 1913, which at that time, was the highest share of GDP in his monetary history. The other lists, however, were based on the other estimates. We are sure that this is the most accurate number and remain hopeful that there will be no more changes, if there is any new information claiming that there was a higher point in the GDP percentage and it is proven, it will be put on the list as soon as possible.
The number of members has also increased due to the expansion of the internet, plus the growing number of billionaires and reference to them, there is now over 200 members than the past one hundred last year, most of this information comes from Forbes .[ 13] [ 14] [ 15] [ 16] The next list is expecting to come out on January 2009, when the GDP of 2008 is documented.[ 17]
It is widely known that the DuPont, Forbes and Rothschild families are among the wealthiest families.[citation needed ] However, their fortunes have not yet been effectively calculated.[citation needed ]
By citizenship By region Forbes listsLists Other