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Further expansion for Indian migrants

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According to the 2011 Census of India, 45.36 crore people are internal migrants. This includes people who currently live in a place that is different from their previous residence.[1] The migrant workers' exodus largely comprises of the movement of inter-state migrant workers. According to an estimate by Amitabh Kundu of the Research and Information System for Developing Countries (RIS) (based on the economic survey, surveys by the NSSO and the 2011 Census), the number of inter-state migrants is about 65 million, of which 33 per cent are workers.[2]

Migrant workers are mostly from rural areas but live most of the year in cities for work. Many have no savings and lived in factory dormitories, which were shut due to the lockdown. They have also been treated with either fear or a "class bias" upon their return to their hometowns and villages, being hosed down with disinfectants or soap solution in some cases. They were feared to be carrying coronavirus from the urban areas where they worked.[3] There is, however, no central registry of migrant workers, despite the existence of the Inter-State Migrant Workmen Act, 1979.[4] The Act makes it necessary for the registration of establishments which employ inter-state migrant workers. However, it does not require the registration of the workers themselves.[5] In addition to this, the Supreme Court only recently enforced the registration of workers recently, with the Union Ministry of Labour and Employment's Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS).[6]

Many migrants expressed a fear of returning to their old jobs in the cities, after facing unemployment during the lockdown. With companies reporting labour shortages right from mid-April, with some estimates saying that this would last for at least another six months.[7]

https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/spotlight-on-non-implementation-of-act-to-protect-migrant-workers/article31403901.ece

https://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/institutional-challenges-to-migrants-welfare/1940368/

https://www.hindustantimes.com/analysis/it-s-time-to-make-migrant-workers-concerns-an-electoral-issue/story-QyT6sootXn5xxS069DWX0H.html

https://www.hindustantimes.com/analysis/address-the-gaps-to-help-migrant-workers-during-this-crisis-opinion/story-1TTIFickk6Ix5L4nGYDZBN.html

https://thewire.in/labour/may-day-2020-covid-pandemic-labour-rights

https://scroll.in/article/962925/the-routes-migrant-workers-are-taking-home-reflect-indias-brutally-uneven-geographical-development

https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/coronavirus-how-many-migrant-workers-displaced-a-range-of-estimates-6447840/

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/4-crore-migrant-workers-in-india-75-lakh-return-home-so-far-mha/articleshow/75927222.cms

  1. ^ Bansal, Samarth (2016-12-02). "45.36 crore Indians are internal migrants". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 2020-05-17.
  2. ^ Singh, Sushant; Magazine, Aanchal (2020-04-29). "Explained: Indian migrants, across India". The Indian Express. Retrieved 2020-05-17.
  3. ^ Frayer, Lauren; Pathak, Sushmita (March 31, 2020). "Coronavirus Lockdown Sends Migrant Workers On A Long And Risky Trip Home". NPR.org. Retrieved 2020-05-17.
  4. ^ Srivastava, Roli; Nagaraj, Anuradha (2020-04-29). "As migrant workers struggle for lockdown aid, India seeks to count them". Reuters. Retrieved 2020-05-17.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. ^ Doval, Suman (2020-04-04). "Covid-19: Define social security for migrant workers | Opinion". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 2020-05-17.
  6. ^ "Institutional challenges to migrants' welfare". The Financial Express. 2020-04-27. Retrieved 2020-05-17.
  7. ^ Chaudhary, Archana; Kotoky, Anurag (16 April 2020). "Migrant Workers in India May Shun Cities After Lockdown". BloombergQuint. Retrieved 2020-05-17.
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