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User:Senra/List of civil parishes in Cambridgeshire

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This is a list of civil parishes in the ceremonial county of Cambridgeshire, England.

History

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Parishes arose from Church of England divisions, and were originally purely ecclesiastical divisions. Over time they acquired civil administration powers.[1]

The Highways Act 1555 made parishes responsible for the upkeep of roads. Every adult inhabitant of the parish was obliged to work four days a year on the roads, providing their own tools, carts and horses; the work was overseen by an unpaid local appointee, the Surveyor of Highways.[2]

The poor were looked after by the monasteries, until their dissolution. In 1572, magistrates were given power to 'survey the poor' and impose taxes for their relief. This system was made more formal by the Poor Law Act 1601, which made parishes responsible for administering the Poor Law; overseers were appointed to charge a rate to support the poor of the parish.[3] The 19th century saw an increase in the responsibility of parishes, although the Poor Law powers were transferred to Poor Law Unions.[4] The Public Health Act 1872 grouped parishes into Rural Sanitary Districts, based on the Poor Law Unions; these subsequently formed the basis for Rural Districts.[5]

Parishes were run by vestries, meeting annually to appoint officials, and were generally identical to ecclesiastical parishes,[6] although some townships in large parishes administered the Poor Law themselves; under the Parishes Act 1882, all extra-parochial areas and townships that levied a separate rate became independent civil parishes.[7]

Civil parishes in their modern sense date from the Local Government Act 1894, which abolished vestries; established elected parish councils in all rural parishes with more than 300 electors; grouped rural parishes into Rural Districts; and aligned parish boundaries with county and borough boundaries.[7] Urban civil parishes continued to exist, and were generally coterminous with the Urban District, Municipal Borough or County Borough in which they were situated; many large towns contained a number of parishes, and these were usually merged into one. Parish councils were not formed in urban areas, and the only function of the parish was to elect guardians to Poor Law Unions; with the abolition of the Poor Law system in 1930 the parishes had only a nominal existence.[8]

The Local Government Act 1972 retained civil parishes in rural areas, and many former Urban Districts and Municipal Boroughs that were being abolished, were replaced by new successor parishes; urban areas that were considered too large to be single parishes became unparished areas.[9]

The current position

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Recent governments have encouraged the formation of town and parish councils in unparished areas, and the Local Government and Rating Act 1997 gave local residents the right to demand the creation of a new civil parish.[10]

A parish council can become a town council unilaterally, simply by resolution;[9] and a civil parish can also gain city status, but only if that is granted by the Crown.[9] The chairman of a town or city council is called a mayor.[9] The Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007 introduced alternative names: a parish council can now choose to be called a community; village; or neighbourhood council.[11] Version: 5 --Senra (Talk) 23:13, 17 September 2010 (UTC)

Version 6 --Senra (Talk) 16:38, 18 September 2010 (UTC)

Version 7 --Senra (Talk) 21:03, 18 September 2010 (UTC)

Version 8 --Senra (Talk) 15:16, 19 September 2010 (UTC)

References

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  1. ^ Angus Winchester, 2000, Discovering Parish Boundaries. Shire Publications. Princes Risborough, 96 pages ISBN 978-0747804703
  2. ^ RAC Foundation : What Went Wrong? British Highway Development Before Motorways Retrieved 2009-08-22
  3. ^ The Victorian Web : The Poor Law : Introduction Retrieved 2009-08-22
  4. ^ Staffordshire University : Poor Law Unions and Registration Districts Retrieved 2009-08-22
  5. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Status Details for Rural Sanitary District Retrieved 2009-08-22
  6. ^ Robert Tittler, The Reformation and the Towns in England, 1998, Oxford University Press, 395 pages, ISBN 9780198207184
  7. ^ a b Modern British Surnames : Selected Events in the History of Civil Registration and Boundary Changes 1801-1996 Retrieved 2009-08-22
  8. ^ Alex MacMorran and T R Colquhoun Dill, The Local Government Act 1894 and the Subsequent Statutes Affecting Parish Councils, 1907, Butterworth and Co, London, 626 pages
  9. ^ a b c d Office of Public Sector Information : Local Government Act 1972 Retrieved 2009-08-22
  10. ^ Office of Public Sector Information : Local Government and Rating Act 1997 Retrieved 2009-08-22
  11. ^ Office of Public Sector Information : Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007 Retrieved 2009-08-22
  12. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Ely Rural District
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Formerly Ely Rural District [12]
  14. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Ely Urban District
  15. ^ Formerly Ely Urban District [14]
  16. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Newmarket Rural District
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Formerly Newmarket Rural District [16]
  18. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Chatteris Urban District
  19. ^ Formerly Chatteris Urban District [18]
  20. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : March Urban District
  21. ^ Formerly March Urban District [20]
  22. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : North Witchford Rural District
  23. ^ a b c d Formerly North Witchford Rural District [22]
  24. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Whittlesey Urban District
  25. ^ Formerly Whittlesey Urban District [24]
  26. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Wisbech Rural District
  27. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad Formerly Wisbech Rural District [26]
  28. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Wisbech Municipal Borough
  29. ^ Formerly Wisbech Municipal Borough [28]
  30. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Huntingdon and Godmanchester Municipal Borough
  31. ^ a b c Formerly Huntingdon and Godmanchester Municipal Borough [30] Cite error: The named reference "HGMB" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  32. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Huntingdon Rural District
  33. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x Formerly Huntingdon Rural District [32]
  34. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Ramsey Urban District
  35. ^ Formerly Ramsey Urban District [34]
  36. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Norman Cross Rural District
  37. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Formerly Norman Cross Rural District [36]
  38. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : St Ives Rural District
  39. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : St Ives Rural District
  40. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Formerly St Ives Rural District [39]
  41. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : St Ives Municipal Borough
  42. ^ Formerly St Ives Municipal Borough [41]
  43. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : St Neots Rural District
  44. ^ a b c Formerly St Neots Rural District [43] Cite error: The named reference "SNRD" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  45. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : St Neots Urban District
  46. ^ District Council notices of the change of name of a parish
  47. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Barnack Rural District
  48. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi Formerly Barnack Rural District [47]
  49. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Old Fletton Urban District
  50. ^ Formerly Old Fletton Urban District [49]
  51. ^ The Peterborough (Reorganisation of Community Governance) Order 2010 Retrieved 1 September 2010
  52. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Peterborough Rural District
  53. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Formerly Peterborough Rural District [52]
  54. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Peterborough Municipal Borough
  55. ^ Formerly Peterborough Municipal Borough [54]
  56. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : St Neots Urban District
  57. ^ Formerly St Neots Urban District [56]
  58. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : Chesterton Rural District
  59. ^ a b Formerly Chesterton Rural District [58]
  60. ^ A Vision of Britain Through Time : South Cambridgeshire Rural District
  61. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av Formerly South Cambridgeshire Rural District [60]
  62. ^ The South Cambridgeshire (Parishes) Order 2004
  63. ^ The South Cambridgeshire District Council (Reorganisation of Community Governance) Order 2009 Retrieved 19 May 2010

See also

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