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Paleobiota

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Artiodactyla

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Genus Species Notes Image
cf. Platanistidae[1] An incomplete rostrum and mandible referred to the family Platanistidae based on the presence of a lateral grove between the maxilla and premaxilla. Based on the shape, it's believed that this could fall within the subfamily Pomatodelphininae. At the time of description, the material was the oldest record of dolphins in South America.[1]

Astrapotheria

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Genus Species Notes Image
Hilarcotherium[2] H. castanedaii An astrapotheriid known from a partial skull and parts of the postcrania. When compared to other in the family, the animal has a unique dental formula: having an extra incisor on the lower dentition.[2]

Chondrichthyes

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Genus Species Notes Image
Potamotrygon[3] cf. P. sp. A potamotrygonid that's similar to members of both Miocene and modern day Argentina. Though there aren't any completely diagnostic features in the material, they most likely belong to the genus Potamotrygon.

Crocodilia

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Genus Species Notes Image
Balanerodus[4] B. longimus An alligatorid named based on strange teeth but is also known from a maxilary fragment. The animal had two types of teeth being smaller, acorn-shaped teeth in the front and larger, more conical teeth in the back.[5]

Litopterna

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Genus Species Notes Image
Neodolodus[6] N. colombianus A proterotheriid that has jumped between multiple genera including the current one, Prothoatherium, and Lambdaconus. It is the smallest genus within the family, being the comparable in size to adianthids.

Metatheria

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Genus Species Notes Image
Anachlysictis[7] A. gracilis A thylacosmilid known from multiple skulls with a lower and longer skull along with postcanine teeth that are less curved than other members of the family.[7]

Osteichthyes

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Genus Species Notes Image
Acregoliath[8] A. rancii An enigmatic teleost known from scales. Based on the size of these scales, the animal could have potentially have had a similar niche seen in the modern day Arapaima.[8]
Astronotus[8] cf. A. sp.
Cichla[8] cf. C. sp.

Primates

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Genus Species Notes Image
Lagonimico[9] L. conclucatus A very large callitrichid with diurnal habits based on the size of the orbits along with a frugivorous and/or gummivorous diet.[9]
Miocallicebus[10] M. villaviejai An atelidae known from a maxillary fragment.[10]
Stirtonia[11] S. victoriae A cebid known from a right maxilla and premaxilla, the genus has dentition similar to what is seen in the living genus Alouatta.[11]

Sirenia

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Genus Species Notes Image
Potamosiren P. magdalensis

Squamata

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Genus Species Notes Image
Colombophis[12] C. portai An alethinophidian known from midtrunk vertebrae.[12]
Tupinambis[13] T. sp A teiid known from a skull of a young individual that can't be placed in a specific species. Even with this being the case, the dental changes in the individual are similar to what is seen in extant members of the genus.[13]
Paradracaena[13] cf. P. colombiana A teiid known from both cranial and postcranial material; though due to the absence of diagnostic features, it was referred to the genus based on the size of the material.[13]

Testudines

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Genus Species Notes Image
Caninemys[14] C. tridentata A large podocnemidid named for the short skull and the presence of maxillary processes in the position of canines seen in mammals. Though a large turtle, the animal would have most likely been smaller than S. geographica. The material from the formation was the first material of the genus to be found outside of Brazil.[14][15]
Chelus[16] C. colombiana A chelid known from an articulated shell with sets of knobs on the edges of the carapace. The neural spines seen in the taxa are larger than those seen in extant species.[16]
Mesoclemmys[17] M. vanegasorum A chelid known from a shell and other postcrania. Within the shell, there wouldn't have been a connection between the neural and nuchal bones of the shell like seen in other members of the genus.[17]
Podocnemis[18] P. pritchardi A podocnemidid that was attributed to Podocnemididae incertae sedis at one point but was later reattributed to the genus. Unlike other podocnemidids, its mesoplastra is almost rectangular.[18]
P. tatacoensis A podocnemidid known from a shell that shows a pathology on the left side, potentially caused by a failed predation attempt. When compared to living species, this taxa is distinguished by the 8th neural.[18]
Stupendemys[14] S. geographica A large podocnemidid with extremely-inflated prefrontals along with a shell whose front carapace turns upward during ontogeny[14]

Xenarthra

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Genus Species Notes Image
Boreostemma[13][19][20] B. acostae A chlamyphorid that was originally described as a species of Astegotherium but was later moved to the genus Boreostemma. The species is known from extremely complete material, the animal shows a mix of more basal and derived features of Glyptodontinae.[20]
B. gigantea A chlamyphorid that was originally described as a species of Astegotherium but was later moved to the genus Boreostemma. Besides the larger size, another important trait is that of the second lower molariform which is more complex than in other southern taxa.[19]
Nanoastegotherium[13] N. prostatum A small dasypodid known only from fixed osteoderms whose material came from crocodile coprolites.[13]
Nematherium[21] N. sp A mylodontoid known from an incomplete skull and tibia with features similar to what is seen within the genus Nematherium. However due to the materials features being seen in all species within the genus, it's unable to be assigned it to a specific one.
Plesiodasypus[22] P. colombianus A medium-sized dasypodid with the proportionally shortest mobile osteoderms within the subfamily Dasypodinae. The patterns of the fixed osteoderms resemble those seen in chlamyphorids.[22]
Scirrotherium[23] S. hondaensis A small pampatheriid with ornamented surfaces on its osteoderms along with thinner fixed osteoderms away from the edges. The distribution patterns of the genus are similar to what is seen to Boreostemma.[23]

References

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  1. ^ a b Benites-Palomino, Aldo; Aguirre-Fernández, Gabriel; Moreno-Bernal, Jorge W.; Vanegas, Andres; Jaramillo, Carlos (2020-10-08). "Miocene Freshwater Dolphins from La Venta, Huila, Colombia Suggest Independent Invasions of Riverine Environments in Tropical South America". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 40 (5): e1812078. doi:10.1080/02724634.2020.1812078. ISSN 0272-4634.
  2. ^ a b Muñoz-Duran, C (2019-03-09). "Hilarcotherium castanedaii, gen. et sp. nov., a New Miocene Astrapothere (Mammalia, Astrapotheriidae) from the Upper Magdalena Valley, Colombia [X24826] Matrix Astrapotheriidae". MorphoBank datasets. Retrieved 2024-11-05.
  3. ^ Carrillo-Briceño, Jorge D.; Mora-Rojas, Laura; Hendricks, Kimberly; Vanegas, Andrés; Aguilera, Orangel (2023-06-15). "New clues on the palaeodiversity of the middle Miocene freshwater ichthyofauna from the Tatacoa Desert, Colombia". Geodiversitas. 45 (10). doi:10.5252/geodiversitas2023v45a10. ISSN 1280-9659.
  4. ^ Aguilera, Orangel A.; Riff, Douglas; Bocquentin‐Villanueva, Jean (2006-01). "A new giantPurussaurus(Crocodyliformes, Alligatoridae) from the Upper Miocene Urumaco Formation, Venezuela". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 4 (3): 221–232. doi:10.1017/s147720190600188x. ISSN 1477-2019. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  5. ^ Solórzano, Andrés; Rincón, Ascanio D.; Cidade, Giovanne M.; Núñez-Flores, Mónica; Sánchez, Leonardo (2018-06-08). "Lower Miocene alligatoroids (Crocodylia) from the Castillo Formation, northwest of Venezuela". Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments. 99 (2): 241–259. doi:10.1007/s12549-018-0332-5. ISSN 1867-1594.
  6. ^ Cifelli, Richard L.; Diaz, Javier Guerrero (1989-06-30). "New remains of Prothoatherium columbianus (Litopterna, Mammalia) from the Miocene of Colombia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 9 (2): 222–231. doi:10.1080/02724634.1989.10011756. ISSN 0272-4634.
  7. ^ a b Suarez, Catalina; Forasiepi, Analia M.; Babot, María Judith; Shinmura, Tatsuya; Luque, Javier; Vanegas, Rubén D.; Cadena, Edwin A.; Goin, Francisco J. (2023-10-12). "A sabre-tooth predator from the Neotropics: Cranial morphology of Anachlysictis gracilis Goin, 1997 (Metatheria, Thylacosmilidae), based on new specimens from La Venta (Middle Miocene, Colombia)". Geodiversitas. 45 (18). doi:10.5252/geodiversitas2023v45a18. ISSN 1280-9659.
  8. ^ a b c d Ballen, Gustavo A.; Moreno-Bernal, Jorge W. (2019-10-07). "New Records of the Enigmatic Neotropical Fossil Fish Acregoliath rancii (Teleostei Incertae sedis) from the Middle Miocene Honda Group of Colombia". Ameghiniana. 56 (6): 431. doi:10.5710/amgh.17.09.2019.3266. ISSN 0002-7014.
  9. ^ a b Kay, Richard F. (1994). ""Giant" tamarin from the Miocene of Colombia". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 95 (3): 333–353. doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330950305. ISSN 0002-9483.
  10. ^ a b Takai, Masanaru; Anaya, Federico; Suzuki, Hisashi; Shigehara, Nobuo; Setoguchi, Takeshi (2001). "A New Platyrrhine from the Middle Miocene of La Venta, Colombia, and the Phyletic Position of Callicebinae". Anthropological Science. 109 (4): 289–307. doi:10.1537/ase.109.289. ISSN 0918-7960.
  11. ^ a b Kay, Richard F.; Madden, Richard H.; Plavcan, J. Michael; Cifelli, Richard L.; Díaz, Javier Guerrero (1987-02-01). "Stirtonia victoriae, a new species of Miocene Colombian primate". Journal of Human Evolution. 16 (2): 173–196. doi:10.1016/0047-2484(87)90075-3. ISSN 0047-2484.
  12. ^ a b Hsiou, Annie S.; Albino, Adriana M.; Ferigolo, Jorge (2010-09). "Reappraisal of the South American Miocene Snakes of the GenusColombophis, with Description of a New Species". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 55 (3): 365–379. doi:10.4202/app.2009.1111. ISSN 0567-7920. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  13. ^ a b c d e f g "Vertebrate paleontology in the Neotropics: the Miocene fauna of La Venta, Colombia". Choice Reviews Online. 36 (02): 36–0973-36-0973. 1998-10-01. doi:10.5860/choice.36-0973. ISSN 0009-4978.
  14. ^ a b c d Cadena, Edwin-Alberto; Link, Andrés; Cooke, Siobhán B.; Stroik, Laura K.; Vanegas, Andrés F.; Tallman, Melissa (12-2021). "New insights on the anatomy and ontogeny of the largest extinct freshwater turtles". Heliyon. 7 (12): e08591. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08591. ISSN 2405-8440. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  15. ^ Meylan, Peter A.; Gaffney, Eugene S.; De Almeida Campos, Diogenes (2009-03-31). "Caninemys, A New Side-Necked Turtle (Pelomedusoides: Podocnemididae) from The Miocene of Brazil". American Museum Novitates. 3639: 1–26. doi:10.1206/608.1. ISSN 0003-0082.
  16. ^ a b CADENA, Edwin-Alberto; Link, Andrés; VANEGAS, Andrés; AVELLANEDA-OTERO, Carlos A.; PERDOMO, César; URUEÑA-CARRILLO, Diego A.; SÁNCHEZ, Rodolfo; VANEGAS, Rubén; SCHEYER, Torsten M.; CARRILLO-BRICEÑO, Jorge D. (2023-11-20). "New insights into the fossil record of the turtle genus Chelus Duméril, 1806 including new specimens with information on cervicals and limb bones". Comptes Rendus Palevol (34). doi:10.5852/cr-palevol2023v22a34. ISSN 1777-571X. {{cite journal}}: no-break space character in |title= at position 106 (help)
  17. ^ a b Cadena, E; Vanegas, A; Jaramillo, C; Cottle, J; Johnson, T (2021-02-17). "A new Miocene turtle from Colombia sheds light on the evolutionary history of the extant genus Mesoclemmys Gray, 1873 (project)". MorphoBank datasets. Retrieved 2024-11-05.
  18. ^ a b c Cadena, Edwin-Alberto; Vanegas, Rubén Dario (2023-02-23). "A new fossil turtle ends the controversy on the occurrence of the extant genus Podocnemis Wagler, 1830 at the Miocene fauna of La Venta, Colombia". Geodiversitas. 45 (3). doi:10.5252/geodiversitas2023v45a3. ISSN 1280-9659.
  19. ^ a b Carlini, Alfredo A.; Zurita, Alfredo E.; Scillato-Yané, Gustavo J.; Sánchez, Rodolfo; Aguilera, Orangel A. (2008-06). "New Glyptodont from the Codore Formation (Pliocene), Falcón State, Venezuela, its relationship with the Asterostemma problem, and the paleobiogeography of the Glyptodontinae". Paläontologische Zeitschrift. 82 (2): 139–152. doi:10.1007/bf02988405. ISSN 0031-0220. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  20. ^ a b Zurita, Alfredo E.; González Ruiz, Laureano R.; Gómez-Cruz, Arley J.; Arenas-Mosquera, Jose E. (2013-05). "The most complete known Neogene Glyptodontidae (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Cingulata) from northern South America: taxonomic, paleobiogeographic, and phylogenetic implications". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 33 (3): 696–708. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.726677. ISSN 0272-4634. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  21. ^ Miño-Boilini, Ángel R.; Brandoni, Diego (2023-09-29). "Nematherium (Xenarthra, Folivora) from the Serravallian of La Venta, Department of Huila, Colombia; chronological and biogeographical implications". Andean Geology. 50 (3): 436. doi:10.5027/andgeov50n3-3656. ISSN 0718-7106.
  22. ^ a b Barasoain, Daniel; González-Ruiz, Laureano; Zurita, Alfredo; Villarroel, Carlos (2021-04-25). "Oldest new Dasypodini (Xenarthra, Cingulata) provides new trails about armadillos evolutionary history". Historical Biology. 34 (3): 390–402. doi:10.1080/08912963.2021.1917566. ISSN 0891-2963.
  23. ^ a b Jiménez-Lara, Kevin (2020-10-01). "Systematic revision and redefinition of the genus Scirrotherium Edmund and Theodor, 1997 (Cingulata, Pampatheriidae): Implications for the origin of pampatheriids and the evolution of the South American lineage including Holmesina". Geobios. 62: 1–21. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2020.07.002. ISSN 0016-6995.