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MANIN Family

Manin family, has ancient origins. According to a 1600 book in the library Bertoliana Vicenza Manin seems to be the first Manilisse (Manilix = man of light) the son of King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba. At the age of 22 years Manilix met his father Solomon wearing the ring his mother gave him to make himself recognized. After talking to his father he was asked to hide the Ark of the Covenant, since it was no longer safe. He moved back to Ethiopia and Sheba. From there the family moved to Rome, where he helped found the city with Romulus and settled at the Quirinal hill. The Manin were called Gens Manlia and geese reared for their food. It was the geese that warned Manlius Capitol of the attempt by the Gauls to seize the Capitol and destroy Rome. His reaction and its value led away Brennus and the Gauls defeated by Rome. Several were the senators, tribunes, generals attributed to this noble family. According to other written sources the family started in Tuscany from a Bucij Manno coming from Rieti. Before the fall of Rome Manin moved to Fiesole and then to Florence, as did many other families fleeing Roman marshes of Lazio agricultural areas and barbarians invasions. In Florence, Manini was one of the noblest families and ruled numerous public offices. They lent money as changers and as bankers. The original strain remains united until early 1300, when it divides into three branches: a parent Romanello Tuscan Manini, one with Manin II moves to Friuli in the court of the Patriarch of Aquileia, Raymond Tower and the third with a Manini Chief James II, son of Romanello, which generates an offspring called Hungary and England. To be remembered James II Manini for receiving a diploma from Edward III (1327-1377), Windsor August 5, 1362, in recognition of his bravery in wars against France. He is granted the privilege to bear the name of his eldest son Edward, for himself and all his descendants, and acquire the British nobility, the insignia of Garter and the right to ask the family crest, the British royal arms. The motto in the coat of arms Manin states "Fortunam sola virtus vincere potest" (Only The Virtue power wins Destiny). A second diploma is issued Sept. 15, 1381 by Richard II to Edward son of James II Manini, confirming all the honors accorded to his father, his appointment as Earl of Canterbury. Meanwhile, in Friuli II Manin is aggregated in 1312, to the nobility and became the ancestor of Manin Udine in Friuli, an important role in developing policy for the control of Venice and maintenance of roads leading to the central European countries. The Venetian Manin make their surname losing the final "i" and gain prestige and power especially in the financial sector as well as in the politico-military, taking, along with the Barbaro family, from whom they buy Villa Barbaro in Maser, and especially to that of Dolfin, a pivotal role in Venetian policy of containment of the influence of countries beyond the Alps, guarding the borders. Venice encourages the consolidation of dynastic, economic and territorial cohesion of these families, recognizing and rewarding the value of certain characters, (like the diplomat Nicholas Manin, to which the Great Council, June 13, 1385, confers citizenship in Venice: "... , conferring honorary, et exaltationem Ducalis Dominij, fiat gratia sibi, quod cum suis Heredibus recipiatur in Civem venetum de gratia special."), or support, for example, the patriarchal seat in Dolfin Aquileia, allowing them the succession to the office, without interruption from 1657 to more than one hundred years. On February 4, 1526, Emperor Charles V gives Camillo Manin, son of Bernard I, Knight golden diploma, along with the appointment of Noble HRE with the right to put the dragon in the crest crowned with the crown Caesarian: "... grant and dispensed, that the shield divided into two parts along which the right is a blue or light blue, white or silver left in a so-called cross sign divided by half and in half of that shield a snake flesh color crowned tiara Caesarean hands and feet to open and watching the left side of the shield, almost creepy in the same shield. Above the shield a white and closed Galea common weapon of the last Doge Manin, preserved in the Palazzo Ducale in Venice, silver and light blue and flesh and banded bundles of the same color by a tiara or both of the ancient kings in whose summit would be Volcano coated with a linen tunic with his right hand holding the hammer and fabricating lightning on the anvil...". Worth, then, to summarize the characteristics of the arms Manin, referring to the last doge, Ludovico, still preserved in the Palazzo Ducale. It is divided into four parts, of which the first and fourth show a red lion rampant on a gold background, the second and third consisting of two bands, from a blue background with the green dragon winged and crowned with gold, the other silver divided in half by a horizontal blue stripe. Variations on the theme you have in other shields family gradually come together, see one painted by Dorigny in the choir of the Cathedral of Udine is also where you see the crown on the lion and the dragon is colored red, while at the chapel of Passariano the dragon has the same background color and the silver band of the second and third part is left instead of right. Then there are the coats of arms carved: the outer, Passariano here at the center of the tympanum of the entrance portal of the chapel, the facade of the Jesuit church, or those carved on the sides of the chapel of the Holy Family in the Scalzi Venice. And again, those made of embossed silver plates in both the missal belonging to the villa sacred gold, and those drawn and kept at the Library of the Correr Museum, including that performed at the election of a doge, Ludovico Manin, where you see the coat of arms with the ducal cap and around the arms of his noble 41 electors.

It's with Antonio Manin, grandson of Camille, that starts the connection between this noble family and Passariano, that is when, in April 1578, the purchase of Sedegliano Gastaldia, they belong to S. Lorenzo Sedegliano, Gradisca and, indeed, Passariano, although his church was headed by the Codroipo parish. Antonio's son, Francesco, who is the same in the sacristy portrait, was bishop of Novigrad in Istria and staunch defender from the danger of heresy by Protestant reformers.

But it was with Louis=Ludwig=Ludovico I (1587-1659), son of Bernard II of Antonio, that the project-building complex of Villa Manin is embodied as a program. The first approach dates from the period 1650 to 1660 about. In 1607, with the Venetian Doge, he is invested with fiefs of Polcenigo and Fanna and then in 1626 with the Lordship of Brugnis, Bando and Juris. Ludwig I, is undoubtedly one of the most important Manin family member in that century. So much that, June 3, 1651, he is attached to the Venetian nobility by the Great Council of Venice, for the many merits acquired by Manin in the long and costly war for Candia Isle, as well as the considerable sum of one hundred thousand ducats offered to the Republic. A character that gives strength and prestige to the family and who gives, in his will, the firstborn obligation to bear his name (Ludwig=Ludovico), confirmation of a personality conscious of their merits, and eager to trace a memory to the self descent. He disposed also to be buried in the cathedral of Udine, but this was only possible after extensive restoration of the eighteenth-century complex that includes two grand mausoleums of the Manin family, placed facing one each other, on the side walls of the cathedral chancel. In 1707 was dug in the center of the chancel, near the steps, the new Manin burial place where were laid Ludovico Manin spoils. Francis IV (1631-1692) continues the expansion and renovation of buildings and decided the rebuilding of the Passariano church, as stated in its request to the patriarch Giovanni Dolfin in 1686. Anxious also to leave in his will of 1691, specific provisions to the heirs for the completion of the church. As Francis IV died in February 1692, their children, Anthony and Nicholas, took care of the decorations and furnishings of the Passariano church. The lineage continues with Ludwig II (1652-1741), Louis III Alvise (1695-1775), mayor of Chioggia and Verona, and then with Louis IV (May 14, 1725 - October 24, 1802), last Doge of Venice. Here we come quickly to the character, notorious for being Doge in the last days of the Republic of Venice. He was formed at the Jesuit school of the College of San Severo, Bologna, where he closes his studies with an essay on the validity of natural law as a guide to human action: "Propositions de Jure Naturae", which suggests, though not accepted, the attention to the new Enlightenment ideas of his time and interest in the complex political reality that surrounds him, which as a noble Venetian, should be taken into consideration. In fact he was very sensitive to the public and put much zeal especially in matters of economy. We are highlighted of this in the dispatches sent from Vicenza when he was elected captain in 1752, also showing a remarkable sensitivity to the conditions of the inhabitants of the countryside. When in 1757 he was elected captain in Verona, he proves to be a shrewd administrator, working for the regulation of watercourses in Verona, and striving with courage and ability during the floods of that year. In his report of December 16, 1758 he placed particular emphasis on issues related to industry and trade of silk. In 1762, he was sent as "Podestà" to Brescia, and a copper coin, remembering that period, is preserved in Passariano. The coin was struck 11 December of that year, on the occasion of laying the foundation stone of a church in Brescia. While at Brescia, 25 November 1763 at the age of 38 years, he comes to be appointed (Procuratore di San Marco)=Attorney of S. Marco de Ultra, which draws him in Venice. On this occasion, the Bresciani celebrate and honor him with a sort of honorary citizenship, as evidenced by the inscription of the medal that offer: BRIXIA GRATA INGENUA and in the verse to LUDOVICO MANINO COENOMANO MDCCLXIV. In his thankful response to the Doge appointing him as a procurator of Saint Mark, he writes: "... to meet the exact public requirements in the administration of justice, in the relief of subjects and in the management of public revenues, to which, I must say truthfully, I was very attending the lessons and memories of my father" could be seen in reference to subjects, that part of his character, which will be highlighted especially in the last years of his life: a certain form of paternalism, of philanthropic altruism. That spirit of human love that will induce him in his will to leave a huge fortune for the mentally ill and the abandoned children, and that only in 1857 will materialize in the Institute for the education of abandoned children "Ludovico Manin" Sceriman Palace in Venice. Another aspect of the personality of Ludwig IV was his love for learning, as we can see by the many books that were his valuable library. A passion he shared with his wife from Treviso, Elisabeth Grimani, married 23 September 1748. Love for the arts, like painting, when commissioned, on the occasion of his lavish wedding, two "ceilings" oval Giambatista artist Tiepolo for his palace in San Salvador, for poetry, music and theater. And Lodovico Manin in 1787 was the one who sponsored the initial initiative of the Grand Canal Theatre Project at the San Marco basin, designed by Peter White, and who titled the album of tables: "Theater already humbled to His Excellency Count Louis Messer Manin Kavalier and Procurator of St. Mark. Designed first and now relearned the necessary measures", which appears in the design view of the basin of San Marco by Giacomo Guardi and that serves as frontispiece to the album itself. In the twenty five years between his appointment as operator and Procurator de ultra of San Marco and the election as Doge, Ludovico Manin, bowing to his shy and industrious nature, will assume many responsibilities among the roses god charged state, without ever leaving the shadow of a constant but obscure work primarily in administrative offices and financial city. Only in 1782, during the passing of Pope Pius VI, became he well being responsible, along with the prosecutor Marco Alvise Contarini, to accompany the pope during his trip in the territories of the Republic. He was so kind and hospitable that Pius VI, in short stay in his mansion at Udine Palazzo Antonini, March 13, 1782, to testify his gratitude, knights him. Returning from Vienna, the pope was accepted, May 15, in Venice. With great magnificence at Manin's expenses he organizes the reception with a gift: it was a song performed by 70 different girls from four conservatives, titled "The Return of Tobias" with verses by Gaspare Gozzi and music of the famous Galuppi. In 1789, on the first ballot, he was elected to the highest courts of the Republic of Venice, and remained there until May 12, 1797 when the Grand Council decreed the fall of the Serenissima. Ludwig IV had no heirs, so the estate and Villa Manin di Passariano passed to his brother John's son, Ludwig Leonard I (wife Fosca Giovanelli) 1771-1853. Then Ludwig Joseph I 1815-1877 (wife Silvia Beretta), and Lodovico Leonardo II 1851-1950. Louis II Leonardo had no legitimate children, but born illegitimate children by Elizabeth widow Baseggio: Gioachino Baseggio and Cesco Baseggio.