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Masculinity influence on gangs

Cheng work explains that an introduction to the problem of masculinity begins with a fundamental ideology on sex, which makes society believe that there are only two sexes when a baby is born which consists of female and male. This ideology creates the development of two gender roles (masculine and feminine) is constructed. These gender roles become an institutionalized system, because it develops societal expectations towards individuals who identify as male and female that must fill in these constructed roles (Cheng 1999). Cheng’s work presents that characteristics developed by masculinity includes domination, competitiveness, and aggressiveness, which shows they are in control (Cheng 1999). Cheng’s works explains that Hegemonic masculinity empowers through “emphasized femininity”, a gender performance that helps please the masculine men in boosting their masculinity by making them feel stronger and wiser (Cheng 1999).

Gang masculinity is developed differently through performances when it comes to different types of gangs. Becoming involved in the drug business is a way for the Latino gang member to achieve masculinity and in return get recognition through honor, income, status and protection (Flores 478). Another way masculinity is mastered through aggressive behaviors of physical force or control over women as a way to represent their masculinity and dominance. This behavior presented by Latino gang members is considered as self-destructive and part of the “Machismo syndrome” (Flores 477). Masculinity and self-esteem in a gang is considered the definition of manhood, but dishonor is seen as a loss of manhood (Flores 479).

Garot’s work proves that gang members develops inside and outside of the school intersection between edgework and identity work which is “hitting up” individuals as a way to prove their identity in the gang (Garot 156).  Gang members must develop body skills to identify as a member by walking, talking, and being able to identify which areas are safe and unsafe to negotiate. Developing social skills is a key factor to to intimidate others when they “hit up rivals”. Using the language “Where you from” or “What do you claim” is a way to let his rivals know where he stands in the gang and is willing to do anything to protect his territory (Garot 157).