User:Sam.roebuck/Milecastle 32
| Milecastle 32 | |
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| Northumberland, England, UK | |
_Milecastle_32_-_geograph.org.uk_-_592657.jpg) Milecastle 32 | |
  Milecastle 32 Location in Northumberland | |
| Coordinates | 55°02′00″N 2°14′35″W / 55.033207°N 2.243002°W |
| Grid reference | NY84567099 |
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| Part of a series on the |
| Military of ancient Rome |
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Milecastle 32 (Carraw) was a milecastle of the Roman Hadrian's Wall. Its remains exist as earthworks and with no exposed masonry. The layout of the milecastle walls is defined (still quite evident) by robber trenches (to a maximum depth of 0.3 metres (1 ft 0 in). The north wall is beneath a modern wall.[1]
Construction
[edit]Milecastle 32 was a long-axis milecastle though the gateway type cannot be identified. Such milecastles were thought to have been constructed by the legio VI Victrix who were based in Eboracum (York), or by the legio XX Valeria Victrix who were based in Deva Victrix (Chester).[2]
Its dimensions (measured between the edges of the visible platform) are 20.0 metres (65.6 ft) (long axis) by 16.5 metres (54 ft). The long axis measures 19.5 metres (64 ft) between the apparent centre lines of the (still evident) robber trenches giving internal proportions of 10:8, which is normal.[1]
Changes in the dimensions of the wall ditch at this point suggest the possible presence of a causeway.[3]
Excavations and investigations
[edit]- 1961 - The position of the milecastle is formally recorded by Eric Birley.[4]
- 1966 - English Heritage Field Investigation. It was noted that the remains consisted of a low mutilated platform surrounded by a robber trench, and that no masonry was visible.[1]
- 1971 - The milecastle is measured, and the south gateway excavated. Stone robbing proved too extensive for identification.[1] Fourth century pottery is discovered.[3]
- 1989 - English Heritage Field Investigation (as part of Hadrian's Wall Project). Previous observations are reconfirmed.[1]
Associated Turrets
[edit]Each milecastle on Hadrian's Wall had two associated turret structures. These turrets were positioned approximately one-third and two-thirds of a Roman mile to the west of the Milecastle, and would probably have been manned by part of the milecastle's garrison. The turrets associated with Milecastle 32 are known as Turret 32A and Turret 32B.
Turret 32A
[edit]Turret 32A (Carraw West) was located in 1920, though the remains are mostly buried beneath the B6318 Military Road.is (description of position and update coordinates). (Construction details: door position, platform position, masonry, etc). (Description of current remains). (Excavation and investigation).[5]
(Other comments).
Location on Ordnance Survey 1:25 000 map: 55°01′57″N 2°15′01″W / 55.032411°N 2.250272°W
Turret 32B
[edit]The accepted site of Turret 32B (Brown Moor) was ascertained by measurement only. Any remains would lie beneath the B6318 Military Road. (Excavation and investigation).[6]
(Other comments).
Approximate predicted location: 55°01′55″N 2°15′32″W / 55.031898°N 2.258889°W
Monument Records
[edit]| Monument | Monument Number | National Monuments Record Number |
| Milecastle 32 | 16800 | NY 87 SW 1 |
| Turret 32A | 16803 | NY 87 SW 2 |
| Turret 32B | 16806 | NY 87 SW 3 |
Public Access
[edit]The milecastle is on private land abuting the B6318 Military Road, and both turrets are buried beneath the B6318 Military Road.
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e "Milecastle 32". Pastscape. English Heritage. Retrieved DD MMM 2010.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help) - ^ David J Breeze and Brian Dobson (1976). Hadrian's Wall. Allen Lane. pp. 14–15. ISBN 0140271821.
- ^ a b Breeze, David J (1934), Handbook to the Roman Wall (14th Revised edition - Nov 2006), Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne, pp. 224, 225, ISBN 0901082651
- ^ Birley, Eric B (1961), Research on Hadrian's Wall, Titus Wilson & Son, p. 100
- ^ "Turret 32A". Pastscape. English Heritage. Retrieved 08 Mar 2012.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help) - ^ "Turret 32B". Pastscape. English Heritage. Retrieved XX May 2010.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help)
Bibliography
[edit]- Daniels, Charles (1979), "Review: Fact and Theory on Hadrian's Wall", Britannia, 10: 357–364, doi:10.2307/526069, JSTOR 526069
Forts and structures of Hadrian's Wall | ||
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| Wall Forts (East to West) |   | |
| Outpost Forts | ||
| Stanegate Forts |
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| Supply Forts | ||
| Cumbrian Coast Forts (North to South) |
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| Milecastles | ||
| Milefortlets | ||
| Other structures on Hadrian's Wall | ||
| Regular and linear features | ||