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Southern Illinois University Carbondale
Former name
Southern Illinois Normal University (1869–1947)
MottoDeo Volente
("God willing")
TypePublic Research University
Established1869; 155 years ago (1869)
AccreditationHLC
Endowment$171,801,763 (FY2022)[1]
Budget$343,353,000 (FY2023)[2]
ChancellorAustin A. Lane
PresidentDaniel F. Mahony
Academic staff
1,409 (2022)[3]
Administrative staff
3,363 (2022)[3]
Students11,107 (Fall 2022)[4]
Undergraduates8,000 (Fall 2022)[4]
Postgraduates3,107 (Fall 2022)[4]
Location
Carbondale
,
Illinois
,
United States
CampusCollege Town, Rural, 1,133 acres (459 ha)
ColorsMaroon and White[5]
   
NicknameSalukis
Sporting affiliations
NCAA Division I FCS — MVC
MascotSaluki
Websitesiu.edu

Southern Illinois University (SIU or SIUC) is a public research university in Carbondale, Illinois. Chartered in 1869, SIU is the oldest and flagship campus of the Southern Illinois University system. Originally founded as a normal college, the university today provides programs in a variety of disciplines, combining a strong liberal arts tradition with a focus on research. SIU was granted limited university status in 1943 and began offering graduate degrees in 1950. A separate campus was established in Edwardsville, Illinois in 1957, eventually becoming Southern Illinois University Edwardsville.[6]

SIU enrolls students from all 50 states and more than 100 countries.[7] The university is known for its research partnerships, including those with the Argonne and Oak Ridge National Laboratories, the U.S. Geological Survey, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and NASA. The university is also home to hundreds of student organizations, twenty-seven fraternity and sorority chapters, and a nationally-recognized competitive flight team.[8] SIU's intercollegiate athletic teams are collectively known as the Southern Illinois Salukis.

History

[edit]
The Pulliam Hall clock tower plays the Westminster Quarters chime on a regular basis and others on holidays and special occasions. The landmark tower is a symbol of the university and was previously used in SIU's logo.
The Old Main Building as seen before its destruction by fire in 1969.

An act of the Twenty-Sixth Illinois General Assembly on March 9, 1869 approved the creation of Southern Illinois Normal College, the second state-supported normal school in Illinois.[9] Carbondale was selected to host the university, and a cornerstone laying ceremony was held on May 17, 1870.[10] Various alternate sites for the university included Centralia and DuQuoin, among others.[11] The accidental death of a site contractor and other delays prevented the university's opening until 1874. The first session of the university was a summer institute with an initial faculty of eight members and an enrollment of 53 students.[12]

In 1876 SIU admitted its first African-American student, Alexander Lane. In 1878 SIU established a program for the Douglas Corps Cadets, beginning a relationship with ROTC programs which lasts into the present day.[6] The original "Old Main" building was destroyed by fire in 1883, and a new one built in the same spot. The university's first student newspaper, The Normal Gazette, was published in 1888 and its first yearbook, The Sphinx, in 1899.[13][14] SIU's first sports teams, known as "the Maroons", formed in the 1913-1914 school year.[15]

The landmark Shryock Auditorium was completed in 1918 and dedicated by former U.S. President Taft with a speech in support of the on-going war effort.[16] Post-war prosperity aided the university's growth, and by 1922 it enrolled over 1,000 students.[17] Stagnation occurred with the onset of the Great Depression and the sudden deaths of university presidents Henry Shryock and Roscoe Pulliam. In 1944, SIU was granted limited university status to offer graduate degrees, and in 1947 the Illinois General Assembly officially adopted the name Southern Illinois University.[6] Budget concerns and leadership challenges dogged the presidency of Chester F. Lay, Pulliam's successor, until his resignation in 1948.[18] In that same year, the first formal research conducted at SIU began with Lay’s appointment of geneticist Carl C. Lindegren.[19]

Delyte W. Morris was inaugurated as SIU's president in 1949.[20] Morris was SIU's longest-serving president, his 22-year tenure seeing the expansion and transformation of the university.[21][22][23] New educational programs, administrative positions, and physical facilities were added, financed by a growth in student population and state-supported bonds.[24] Housing and other amenities for students received particular focus.[25][26][27] In 1957 a second campus of SIU was established at Edwardsville, near St. Louis. This school would develop into Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, now a public university within the SIU system.[28]

President Morris left office in 1970. Formal explanations focused on Morris' declining health, but campus unrest due to the Vietnam War, the burning of the Old Main Building in 1969, financial scandals, and distrust amongst SIU’s Board of Trustees are speculated to have played a role.[29][30][31][32] The university continued to grow with the creation of law, medical, and dental schools in the early 1970s. Other achievements included the opening of the long-awaited recreation center in 1977, the foundation of Project Achieve by Barbara Kupiec in 1978, and the Saluki men's football team NCAA I-AA national football championship title win in 1983.

SIU's enrollment reached a record of 24,869 students in 1991, a time when SIU has become notorious for its "party school" reputation.[17][33][34] Tensions with the surrounding community resulted in a ban on Halloween celebrations in the mid-1990s as students living in university dormitories were sent home for the holiday.[35] Funding issues stemming from Illinois' state budget crises, including the 2015-2017 budget impasse, and declining student enrollment exacerbated a situation made worse by the unexpected deaths of university presidents Paul Sarvela and Carlo Montemagno.[36] In recent years, a focus on research, building renovations and expansions, and stabilizing enrollment numbers have improved the university's position.[37][38] Student celebrations like the ones seen in Saturday Night Live's Roadshow have now largely been replaced with the traditions of "Unofficial Halloween", "Solar Bear", and "Polar Bear".[39][40] Despite this, SIU was still named ninth in a list of "The Top 10 Schools that Party All Day, Everyday" by College Magazine in 2015.[41]

  1. ^ "Imagine, SIU Foundation Annual Report". Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  2. ^ "Institutional Effectiveness, Planning and Research - Operating Budget, Carbondale, All Funds Combined". siu.edu. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  3. ^ a b "Institutional Effectiveness, Planning and Research - Employee Demographics". Archived from the original on April 20, 2021. Retrieved April 20, 2021.
  4. ^ a b c "Institutional Effectiveness, Planning and Research - Full-/Part-Time Enrollment". Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  5. ^ "Brand Colors | The Brand | SIU". Brand.siu.edu. Retrieved January 10, 2016.
  6. ^ a b c "Timeline of Major SIU Historical Events". SIU's 150th Anniversary. Retrieved June 5, 2023.
  7. ^ "Points of Pride | SIU News". news.siu.edu. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  8. ^ "Student Organizations | Office of Student Engagement | SIU". Office of Student Engagement. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  9. ^ Robert P. Howard, Illinois: A History of the Prairie State (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1972), 341.
  10. ^ Lentz, Eli G. (1955). Seventy Five Years in Retrospect, Carbondale, IL.: Southern Illinois University. p. 11-13
  11. ^ Lentz, Eli, G. (1955). Seventy Five Years in Retrospect. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University. p. 9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  12. ^ ""Southern Illinois University: the First Seventy-Five Years." ( Jan 1949)". Archived from the original on December 16, 2017. Retrieved December 15, 2017.
  13. ^ "Daily Egyptian | Southern Illinois University Carbondale Research | OpenSIUC". opensiuc.lib.siu.edu. Retrieved June 5, 2023.
  14. ^ Lentz, Eli, G. (1955). Seventy Five Years in Retrospect. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University. pp. xix–xx.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  15. ^ "What's a Saluki?". Southern Illinois University Athletics. Retrieved June 5, 2023.
  16. ^ Lentz, Eli, G. (1955). Seventy Five Years in Retrospect. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University. p. 71.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  17. ^ a b Mitchell, Betty (1993). Southern Illinois University: A Pictorial History. St. Louis, MO: G. Bradley.
  18. ^ Lentz, Eli, G. (1955). Seventy Five Years in Retrospect. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University. p. 108.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  19. ^ "Chester F. Lay | Chancellor | SIU". Chancellor. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  20. ^ "Delyte W. Morris | Chancellor | SIU". Chancellor. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  21. ^ Robert Harper, The University That Shouldn't Have Happened, but Did: Southern Illinois University during the Morris Years, 1948-1970 (Carbondale IL: Devil's Kitchen Press, 1998).
  22. ^ George Kimball Plochmann, The Ordeal of Southern Illinois University (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1959).
  23. ^ Morris, Delyte W.; Taylor, John B., Carbondale Chamber of Commerce "1968 Man of the Year Award" to Delyte W. Morris, Carbondale (Ill.), retrieved June 8, 2023
  24. ^ Southern Illinois University Board of Trustees, Annual Report of the Board of (1952).
  25. ^ Frances DeSimone Becque, “A History of the Fraternity System at Southern Illinois University from 1948 through 1960” (thesis, 1995)
  26. ^ Jurich, Ryan (2022). "The Bust and Boom of University Housing at Southern Illinois University, 1948-1991". Legacy. 22: 55-74.
  27. ^ Charles Pulley, A Residence Halls Program for Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Illinois (Chicago, IL: Perkins & Will, 1953).
  28. ^ David L. Butler, Retrospect at a Tenth Anniversary, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1976).
  29. ^ Lieberman, Robbie; Cochran, David (December 17, 2002). ""We Closed Down the Damn School": The Party Culture and Student Protest at Southern Illinois University During the Vietnam War Era". Peace & Change. 26 (3): 316–331. doi:10.1111/0149-0508.00196. ISSN 0149-0508.
  30. ^ "Anti-War Protests at Southern Illinois University - 1960s". www.illinoishistory.com. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  31. ^ James Fuller and Kelly Hertlein, “Stone House Scandal Bring Morris' Tenure to a Close,” Daily Egyptian, October 18, 1998, https://dailyegyptian.com/43010/archives/stone-house-scandal-brings-morris-tenure-to-a-close/.
  32. ^ Griswold, John (September 30, 2021). "The Rise and Fall of The "Empire" of One American University". Common Reader. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  33. ^ "SIU TELLS PLAYBOY THE PARTY`S OVER". Chicago Tribune. November 5, 1992. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  34. ^ Schauwecker, Elena. "Party School Era: SIU's History of Parties and Riots". The Daily Egyptian. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  35. ^ Jurich, Ryan. "A Historical Look at SIU: When Halloween was Official". The Daily Egyptian. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  36. ^ Kumar, Kavita (2009-12-11). "SIU leaders seek growth, stability, from new Carbondale chancellor Rita Hartung Cheng is the campus' fifth leader in less than four years". STLtoday.com. Retrieved 2023-06-08. {{cite web}}: |archive-date= requires |archive-url= (help); Check date values in: |archive-date= (help)
  37. ^ "SIU research team wins $1.33M NSF grant to train sustainability-focused geoscientists". SIU News. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  38. ^ "SIU Carbondale enrolls largest freshman class in 6 years". SIU News. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  39. ^ Roadshow - Carbondale Illinois Halloween 1980, retrieved June 8, 2023
  40. ^ Brown, Mitch. "Column: SIU's unsanctioned traditions: Solar Bear and Unofficial". The Daily Egyptian. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  41. ^ Siu, Valerie (December 3, 2015). "The Top 10 Schools that Party All Day, Everyday ⋆ College Magazine". College Magazine. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
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