User:Ryleeg/Criminal tattoo/Bibliography

You will be compiling your bibliography and creating an outline of the changes you will make in this sandbox.

Bibliography

As you gather the sources for your Wikipedia contribution, think about the following:

Is the source from a reliable publication?
- Reliable publications include established newspapers, academic journals and books, textbooks, and other published sources with reputations for accuracy and fact-checking.
- Unreliable sources include blog posts and other self-published works, press releases, and social media posts.
Is the source verifiable?
- In order for a source to be considered verifiable, other editors should be able to consult the source.
Is the source independent of the subject?
- Is the source connected in any way to the subject? This is especially important when writing biographies or about organizations.
- For example, if you were writing a biography, sources like the person's webpage or personal blog would not be considered independent.
Is the source primary or secondary?
- Primary sources include first-hand accounts, autobiographies, and other original content.
- Wikipedia allows limited use of primary sources, but typically only for straightforward, descriptive statements of facts, and only if they are published and verifiable without requiring specialized knowledge.
- Secondary sources should be the main basis for a biography on Wikipedia.
If you're working on a topic related to medicine or psychology, ensure that your sources follow these special guidelines.
If you're creating a new article, consider the following:
- Ensure that your topic meets Wikipedia's notability guidelines.
- In order for a topic to meet the notability requirement, you must be able to identify 2-3 sources that are reliable, verifiable, and independent of the subject you're writing about.
- Finding sufficient sources to establish notability can be especially hard when writing about people or organizations.
- Sources that are not independent of the subject might be useful additions, but don't count towards the notability requirement.
- Wikipedia has developed special guidelines for writing about living persons. Please follow these carefully.
- Wikipedia has a series of guidelines for writing about different categories of people, such as academics and artists. If you're trying to create a new entry about a living person, please look at these carefully.

If you're not sure whether a source is reliable, ask a librarian! If you have questions about Wikipedia's sourcing rules, you can use the Get Help button below to contact your Wikipedia Expert.

Get Help

Bibliography

Edit this section to compile the bibliography for your Wikipedia assignment. Add the name and/or notes about what each source covers, then use the "Cite" button to generate the citation for that source.

^[1] "Yakuza: Past and Present | Office of Justice Programs". www.ojp.gov. Retrieved 2024-04-11.

Background of the Yakuza and their prevalent history during the Edo period in Japan. Article speaks on how politics, businesses, and drug trafficking were tied to this organized crime group.

^[2] Varese, Federico (2006-02). "The Secret History of Japanese Cinema: The Yakuza movies". Global Crime. 7 (1): 105–124. doi:10.1080/17440570600650166. ISSN1744-0572

Article addresses how knowledge of the Yakuza was spread through films and how the portrayal of gangs contributed to the stigma surrounding tattoos.

^[3] Mansfield, Stephen (January 1, 1999). "The Indelible Art of the Tattoo". Japan Quarterly. 46 (1): 11 – via ProQuest.

Gives specifics on how criminals were tattooed to signify their crimes

^[4] Cole, Michael (2019-01-30). "Asia Pacific Perspectives Journal - V16No1 Fall/Winter 2018-19 - Skutlin". University of San Francisco. Retrieved 2024-04-12.

Japan as a more civilized society during the Meiji restoration period. Tattooing deemed barbaric; the act of tattooing and public displays were outlawed.
Yakuza were tied to tattoos and when the Anti-Organized Crime Law was enacted (1991), Yakuza was driven out by law enforcement.
Yakuza marked (tattooed) those who committed crime and created a correlation between tattoos and criminal activity

^[5] Musumeci, Emilia (2018-12-31). "Against the Rising Tide of Crime: Cesare Lombroso and Control of the "Dangerous Classes" in Italy, 1861-1940". Crime, Histoire & Sociétés / Crime, History & Societies (vol. 22, n°2): 83–106.

Italy's system of marking criminals with tattoos. Method of policing used to detect criminals.

^[6] Rozycki Lozano, Alicia T.; Morgan, Robert D.; Murray, Danielle D.; Varghese, Femina (2011-06). "Prison Tattoos as a Reflection of the Criminal Lifestyle". International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology.

Insight into the correlation between tattooed individuals and their criminal lifestyle

^[7] Mallon, William K.; Russell, Marie A. (1999-09). "Clinical and Forensic Significance of Tattoos". Advanced Emergency Nursing Journal. 21 (3): 21. ISSN 1931-4485

Examples:

Luke, Learie. 2007. Identity and secession in the Caribbean: Tobago versus Trinidad, 1889–1980 Kingston, Jamaica: University of the West Indies Press.
- This is a book published by a university press, so it should be a reliable source. It also covers the topic in some depth, so it's helpful in establishing notability.
Galeano, Gloria; Bernal, Rodrigo (2013-11-08). "Sabinaria , a new genus of palms (Cryosophileae, Coryphoideae, Arecaceae) from the Colombia-Panama border". Phytotaxa.
- This is a peer-reviewed scientific journal, so it should be a reliable source. It covers the topic in some depth, so it's helpful in establishing notability.
Baker, William J.; Dransfield, John (2016). "Beyond Genera Palmarum: progress and prospects in palm systematics". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society.
- This is a peer-reviewed scientific journal, so it should be a reliable source for a specific fact. Since it only dedicates a few sentences to the topic, it can't be used to establish notability.

References

^ "Yakuza: Past and Present | Office of Justice Programs". www.ojp.gov. Retrieved 2024-04-11.
^ Varese, Federico (2006-02). "The Secret History of Japanese Cinema: The Yakuza movies". Global Crime. 7 (1): 105–124. doi:10.1080/17440570600650166. ISSN 1744-0572. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
^ Mansfield, Stephen (January 1, 1999). "The Indelible Art of the Tattoo". Japan Quarterly. 46 (1): 11 – via ProQuest.
^ Cole, Michael (2019-01-30). "Asia Pacific Perspectives Journal - V16No1 Fall/Winter 2018-19 - Skutlin". University of San Francisco. Retrieved 2024-04-12.
^ Musumeci, Emilia (2018-12-31). "Against the Rising Tide of Crime: Cesare Lombroso and Control of the "Dangerous Classes" in Italy, 1861-1940". Crime, Histoire & Sociétés / Crime, History & Societies (vol. 22, n°2): 83–106. doi:10.4000/chs.2313. ISSN 1422-0857. {{cite journal}}: |issue= has extra text (help)
^ Rozycki Lozano, Alicia T.; Morgan, Robert D.; Murray, Danielle D.; Varghese, Femina (2011-06). "Prison Tattoos as a Reflection of the Criminal Lifestyle". International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology. 55 (4): 509–529. doi:10.1177/0306624X10370829. ISSN 0306-624X. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
^ Mallon, William K.; Russell, Marie A. (1999-09). "Clinical and Forensic Significance of Tattoos". Advanced Emergency Nursing Journal. 21 (3): 21. ISSN 1931-4485. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)

Outline of proposed changes

Click on the edit button to draft your outline.

Now that you have compiled a bibliography, it's time to plan out how you'll improve your assigned article.

In this section, write up a concise outline of how the sources you've identified will add relevant information to your chosen article. Be sure to discuss what content gap your additions tackle and how these additions will improve the article's quality.

Consider other changes you'll make to the article, including possible deletions of irrelevant, outdated, or incorrect information, restructuring of the article to improve its readability or any other change you plan on making. This is your chance to really think about how your proposed additions will improve your chosen article and to vet your sources even further.

Note: This is not a draft. This is an outline/plan where you can think about how the sources you've identified will fill in a content gap.

Get Help

[1] "Yakuza: Past and Present | Office of Justice Programs". www.ojp.gov. Retrieved 2024-04-11.

[2] Varese, Federico (2006-02). "The Secret History of Japanese Cinema: The Yakuza movies". Global Crime. 7 (1): 105–124. doi:10.1080/17440570600650166. ISSN 1744-0572. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)

[3] Mansfield, Stephen (January 1, 1999). "The Indelible Art of the Tattoo". Japan Quarterly. 46 (1): 11 – via ProQuest.

[4] Cole, Michael (2019-01-30). "Asia Pacific Perspectives Journal - V16No1 Fall/Winter 2018-19 - Skutlin". University of San Francisco. Retrieved 2024-04-12.

[5] Musumeci, Emilia (2018-12-31). "Against the Rising Tide of Crime: Cesare Lombroso and Control of the "Dangerous Classes" in Italy, 1861-1940". Crime, Histoire & Sociétés / Crime, History & Societies (vol. 22, n°2): 83–106. doi:10.4000/chs.2313. ISSN 1422-0857. {{cite journal}}: |issue= has extra text (help)

[6] Rozycki Lozano, Alicia T.; Morgan, Robert D.; Murray, Danielle D.; Varghese, Femina (2011-06). "Prison Tattoos as a Reflection of the Criminal Lifestyle". International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology. 55 (4): 509–529. doi:10.1177/0306624X10370829. ISSN 0306-624X. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)

[7] Mallon, William K.; Russell, Marie A. (1999-09). "Clinical and Forensic Significance of Tattoos". Advanced Emergency Nursing Journal. 21 (3): 21. ISSN 1931-4485. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)

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