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User:Rupert Clayton/Draft of List of Sisyrinchium species

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Approximately 211 species are currently accepted within the genus Sisyrinchium.[1][2] Botanists have divided the genus using several schemes in the past, but the current division into 10 sections is rooted in phylogenetic analysis and mapped to consistent morphological characters.

This list shows currently accepted species, subspecies and varieties of Sisyrinchium for each section. Unless otherwise stated, this article follows Plants of the World Online (POWO) for accepted taxa and synonyms.[1] The foundation for placement of species into sections is a 2017 study by Camila Dellanhese Inácio and collaborators that analyzed 171 samples from 110 Sisyrinchium taxa (96 published species, 3 infrataxa, and 11 unpublished taxa from south and southeast Brazil).[3] That study identified 10 distinct clades within the genus, into which 108 of the 110 taxa could be placed with confidence.[4] Two species, S. chilense and S. elegantulum, showed conclusive indications of reticulate evolution, with parentage from more than one section.[5]

Beyond the assignments explicitly made by Inácio et al, there are several reasons that other species can be confidently assigned to one of the 10 sections. Some sections are practically identical to a section or subgenus proposed by previous writers. An example is Inácio's Section Sisyrinchium, which corresponds to Section Bermudiana sensu Benth. & Hook and includes all the North American species placed in Section Sisyrinchium by Pierfelice Ravenna.[6] There are also some scenarios where Inácio's paper provides sufficient information to confidently assign taxa to sections, such as assigning an infrataxon to the same section as its parent or sibling taxon. Section assignments can also be made for undescribed taxa studied by Inácio that have since been formally described. And several papers describing new taxa since 2017 have used Inácio's terminology to determine the appropriate section for the new species.

Section Hydastylus

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Phylogenetic analysis by Inácio et al identified Section Hydastylus as the first lineage to diverge from the genus, and thus as a sister to all the other sections.[7] Morphologically, plants in this section can be distinguished by the combination of having inflorescences with a single terminal rhipidium, and basal leaves but no cauline leaves. Species in Section Hydastylus are similiar to those in Section Segetia in many respects, but lack any bract below the spathes of the inflorescence and have stems that are obviously winged.[8] They have yellow, disk-shaped flowers without trichomes (in common with many other sections). Species within Section Hydastylus are found across a wide area from the Páramo and Puna regions of the northern Andes, through Central America and the mountains of Mexico to western North America as far north as Vancouver Island. One species, S. acre, grows in Hawaii.[9]

Sources
  1. ^ a b c d e f Inácio et al 2017[9]
  2. ^ a b c d e f Previously placed in Eugene Bicknell's Hydastylus genus, which is within Section Hydastylus sensu Inacio et al.[10]
  3. ^ Accepted by Inácio et al 2017, but treated by POWO as a synonym of S. californicum.

Section Segetia

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Sources
  1. ^ a b c d e f Inácio et al 2017[9]
  2. ^ Placed in Section Segetia due to morphology by Inácio et al 2017[11]
  3. ^ Placed in Section Segetia by the publishing authors. [12]

Section Echthronema

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Sources
  1. ^ a b c d e f g Inácio et al 2017[13]

Section Spathirachis

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Sources
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Inácio et al 2017[13]
  2. ^ Assigned to same section as other subspecies.

Section Viperella

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Sisyrinchium vaginatum
Sources
  1. ^ Accepted by Inácio et al 2017, but treated by POWO as a synonym of S. vaginatum subsp. vaginatum
  2. ^ Accepted at species level by Inácio, but treated by POWO as S. bromelioides subsp. angustius.[14]
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Inácio et al 2017[15]
  4. ^ Accepted by Inácio 2017, but treated by POWO as a synonym of S. luzula[16]
  5. ^ Accepted by Inácio et al 2017 and Inácio 2017, but treated by POWO as a synonym of Eleutherine bulbosa.[17]
  6. ^ Inácio 2017[18]
  7. ^ Assigned to same section as S. paludosum.
  8. ^ Accepted by Inácio 2017. Treated by POWO as a synonym of S. palmifolium subsp. palmifolium.[19]
  9. ^ Inácio 2017[20]
  10. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference 05ViOth was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  11. ^ Treated as a distinct species by Inácio 2017.[21] Accepted by Inácio et al 2017 as Sisyrinchium macrocephalum subsp. giganteum. Treated by POWO as a synonym of S. palmifolium subsp. palmifolium.

Section Cephalanthum

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Sources
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Inácio et al 2017[15]
  2. ^ a b Following assignment of species affinis by Inácio et al 2017
  3. ^ Accepted by Inácio 2017, but treated by POWO as a synonym of S. commutatum subsp. capillare.[22]
  4. ^ Inácio 2017.[23]
  5. ^ Inácio 2017[24]
  6. ^ Inácio 2017.[25]
  7. ^ Inácio 2017.[26]
  8. ^ Inácio 2017[16]
  9. ^ Inácio 2017.[27]

Section Trichoparcus

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Sources
  1. ^ a b c d e f Inácio et al 2017[28]

Section Morphanthus

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Sources
  1. ^ Treated as a synonym of S. micranthum by Inácio et al 2017 and as a distinct species by POWO.
  2. ^ Inácio et al 2017[29]
  3. ^ Treated as a distinct species by Inácio et al 2017, but synonymized with S. micranthum by Bruce Sorrie.[30]

Section Rhizilineum

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Sources
  1. ^ a b Inácio et al 2017[29]

Section Sisyrinchium

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Sources
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Placed in Section Sisyrinchium due to morphology by Inácio et al 2017[31]
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Inácio et al 2017[29]
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n North-American species previously assigned to Section Sisyrinchium.
  4. ^ a b c d Assigned to same section as other varieties.

Species unplaced due to hybrid origin

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Sources
  1. ^ a b Inácio et al 2017[5]

Species yet to be placed

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The following species are accepted by Plants of the World Online but have not been placed in a section following the taxonomy of Inácio et al 2017.[1]

Formerly placed here

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References

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  1. ^ a b c POWO 2024.
  2. ^ IPNI 2024.
  3. ^ Inácio et al 2017, p. 1319.
  4. ^ Inácio et al 2017, p. 1327.
  5. ^ a b Inácio et al 2017, pp. 1326, 1341.
  6. ^ Inácio et al 2017, pp. 1338–1339.
  7. ^ Inácio et al 2017, pp. 1323–1325.
  8. ^ Inácio et al 2017, p. 1340.
  9. ^ a b c Inácio et al 2017, p. 1332.
  10. ^ Ceja Romero, Espejo Serna & Lopez-Ferrari 1998.
  11. ^ Inácio et al 2017, p. 1339–1340.
  12. ^ Zanotti & Sassone 2019.
  13. ^ a b Inácio et al 2017, p. 1334.
  14. ^ Inácio 2017, pp. 218–220.
  15. ^ a b Inácio et al 2017, p. 1335.
  16. ^ a b Inácio 2017, p. 112.
  17. ^ Inácio 2017, pp. 226–228.
  18. ^ Inácio 2017, p. 107.
  19. ^ Inácio 2017, pp. 233–236.
  20. ^ Inácio 2017, pp. 239–240.
  21. ^ Inácio 2017, pp. 244–246.
  22. ^ Inácio 2017, pp. 134–137.
  23. ^ Inácio 2017, pp. 137–139.
  24. ^ Inácio 2017, p. 101.
  25. ^ Inácio 2017, pp. 150–152.
  26. ^ Inácio 2017, pp. 157–158.
  27. ^ Inácio 2017, pp. 174–175.
  28. ^ Inácio et al 2017, p. 1336.
  29. ^ a b c Inácio et al 2017, p. 1338.
  30. ^ Sorrie 2023.
  31. ^ Inácio et al 2017, p. 1341.
  32. ^ "Sisyrinchium". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2011-05-19.
  33. ^ "GRIN Species Records of Sisyrinchium". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-05-19.

Sources

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  • Ceja Romero, Jacqueline; Espejo Serna, Adolfo; Lopez-Ferrari, Ana Rosa (1998). "Sisyrinchium arguellesiae (Iridaceae, Sisyrinchieae) una nueva especie del estado de Querétaro" [Sisyrinchium arguellesiae (Iridaceae, Sisyrinchieae) a new species from the state of Querétaro]. Acta Botanica Mexicana (in Spanish). 44: 87–91. doi:10.21829/abm44.1998.807.
  • "Sisyrinchium". Flora del Cono Sur. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2018.
  • Inácio, Camila Dellanhese; Chauveau, Olivier; Souza-Chies, Tatiana T.; Sauquet, Hervé; Eggers, Lilian (December 2017). "An updated phylogeny and infrageneric classification of the genus Sisyrinchium (Iridaceae)". Taxon. 66 (6): 1317–1348. doi:10.12705/666.4.
  • Inácio, Camila (2017). Classificação infragenérica de Sisyrinchium L. (Iridaceae) e taxonomia das seções Cephalanthum e Viperella (pró parte) na região sul do Brasil [Infrageneric classification of Sisyrinchium L. (Iridaceae) and taxonomy of sections Cephalanthum and Viperella (in part) in the southern region of Brazil] (Thesis).
  • "Sisyrinchium L." International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved February 28, 2024.
  • "Sisyrinchium L." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved February 28, 2024.
  • Sorrie, Bruce A. (2023). "Sisyrinchium: Sisyrinchium rosulatum re-examined". In Weakley, Alan S.; et al. (eds.). Studies in the vascular flora of the southeastern United States. IX. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas. Vol. 17. pp. 215–218. doi:10.17348/jbrit.v17.i1.1293.
  • Thode, Verônica A; Inácio, Camila Dellanhese; Eggers, Lilian; Reginato, Marcelo; Souza-Chies, Tatiana T (May 2022). "Spatial-temporal evolution and diversification in Sisyrinchium (Iridaceae) with emphasis on abiotic drivers". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 199 (1): 93–108. doi:10.1093/botlinnean/boab064.
  • Zanotti, Christian A.; Sassone, Agostina B. (2019). "Sisyrinchium humahuacense of sect. Segetia a new species from Argentina". Plant Biosystems. 153 (6): 870–876. doi:10.1080/11263504.2019.1580226.
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