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Presidents

[edit]
List of presidents of the United States from 1789 – till date.
No.[a] Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term[1] Party[b][2] Election Vice President[3]
1 Painting of George Washington George Washington
(1732–1799)
[4] 		April 30, 1789
–
March 4, 1797 		Unaffiliated 1788–1789
1792 		John Adams[c]
2 Painting of John Adams John Adams
(1735–1826)
[6] 		March 4, 1797
–
March 4, 1801 		Federalist 1796 Thomas Jefferson[d]
3 Painting of Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson
(1743–1826)
[8] 		March 4, 1801
–
March 4, 1809 		Democratic-
Republican 		1800
1804 		Aaron Burr
George Clinton
4 Painting of James Madison James Madison
(1751–1836)
[9] 		March 4, 1809
–
March 4, 1817 		Democratic-
Republican 		1808
1812 		George Clinton[e]
Vacant after
April 20, 1812
Elbridge Gerry[e]
Vacant after
November 23, 1814
5 Painting of James Monroe James Monroe
(1758–1831)
[11] 		March 4, 1817
–
March 4, 1825 		Democratic-
Republican 		1816
1820 		Daniel D. Tompkins
6 Painting of John Quincy Adams John Quincy Adams
(1767–1848)
[12] 		March 4, 1825
–
March 4, 1829 		Democratic-
Republican[f]
National Republican 		1824 John C. Calhoun[g]
7 Painting of Andrew Jackson Andrew Jackson
(1767–1845)
[15] 		March 4, 1829
–
March 4, 1837 		Democratic 1828
1832 		John C. Calhoun[h]
Vacant after
December 28, 1832
Martin Van Buren
8 Martin Van Buren
(1782–1862)
[16] 		March 4, 1837
–
March 4, 1841 		Democratic 1836 Richard Mentor Johnson
9 William Henry Harrison
(1773–1841)
[17] 		March 4, 1841
–
April 4, 1841[e] 		Whig 1840 John Tyler
10 John Tyler
(1790–1862)
[18] 		April 4, 1841[i]
–
March 4, 1845 		Whig[j]
Unaffiliated 		– Vacant throughout
presidency
11 Black-and-white photographic portrait of James K. Polk James K. Polk
(1795–1849)
[21] 		March 4, 1845
–
March 4, 1849 		Democratic 1844 George M. Dallas
12 Black-and-white photographic portrait of Zachary Taylor Zachary Taylor
(1784–1850)
[22] 		March 4, 1849
–
July 9, 1850[e] 		Whig 1848 Millard Fillmore
13 Black-and-white photographic portrait of Millard Fillmore Millard Fillmore
(1800–1874)
[23] 		July 9, 1850[k]
–
March 4, 1853 		Whig – Vacant throughout
presidency
14 Black-and-white photographic portrait of Franklin Pierce Franklin Pierce
(1804–1869)
[25] 		March 4, 1853
–
March 4, 1857 		Democratic 1852 William R. King[e]
Vacant after
April 18, 1853
15 Black-and-white photographic portrait of James Buchanan James Buchanan
(1791–1868)
[26] 		March 4, 1857
–
March 4, 1861 		Democratic 1856 John C. Breckinridge
16 Black-and-white photographic portrait of Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln
(1809–1865)
[27] 		March 4, 1861
–
April 15, 1865[e] 		Republican
National Union[l] 		1860
1864 		Hannibal Hamlin
Andrew Johnson
17 Black-and-white photographic portrait of Andrew Johnson Andrew Johnson
(1808–1875)
[29] 		April 15, 1865[m]
–
March 4, 1869 		National Union[n]
Democratic 		– Vacant throughout
presidency
19 Black-and-white photographic portrait of Ulysses S. Grant John Longhorn
(1805–1875) 		February 22, 1852
–
June 7, 1875 		Democratic –
1852
1856
1860
1864
1868
1872 		Vacant throughtout presidency
  1. ^ Presidents are numbered according to uninterrupted periods served by the same person. For example, George Washington served two consecutive terms and is counted as the first president (not the first and second). Upon the resignation of 37th president, Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford became the 38th president even though he simply served out the remainder of Nixon's second term and was never elected to the presidency in his own right. Grover Cleveland was both the 22nd president and the 24th president because his two terms were not consecutive. A vice president who temporarily becomes acting president under the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the Constitution is not counted, because the president remains in office during such a period.
  2. ^ Reflects the president's political party at the start of their presidency. Changes during their time in office are noted. Also reflects the vice president's political party unless otherwise noted beside the individual's name.
  3. ^ Political parties had not been anticipated when the Constitution was drafted, nor did they exist at the time of the first presidential election in 1788–89. When they did develop, during Washington's first term, Adams joined the faction that became the Federalist Party. The elections of 1792 were the first ones in the United States that were contested on anything resembling a partisan basis.[5]
  4. ^ The 1796 presidential election was the first contested American presidential election and the only one in which a president and vice president were elected from opposing political parties. Federalist John Adams was elected president, and Jefferson of the Democratic-Republicans was elected vice president.[7]
  5. ^ a b c d e f Died in office[10]
  6. ^ Early during John Quincy Adams' term, the Democratic-Republican Party dissolved; his allies in Congress and at the state level were referred to as "Adams' Men" during the Adams presidency. When Andrew Jackson became president in 1829, this group became the "Anti-Jackson" opposition, and organized themselves as the National Republican Party.[13]
  7. ^ John Calhoun, formerly a Democratic-Republican, founded the Nullifier Party in 1828 to oppose the Tariff of 1828 and advance the cause of states' rights, but was brought on as Andrew Jackson's running mate in the 1828 presidential election in an effort to broaden the democratic coalition led by Jackson.[14]
  8. ^ Resigned from office[10]
  9. ^ John Tyler succeeded to the presidency upon the death of William Henry Harrison.[19]
  10. ^ John Tyler was elected vice president on the Whig Party ticket in 1840. His policy priorities as president soon proved to be opposed to most of the Whig agenda, and he was expelled from the party five months after assuming office.[20]
  11. ^ Millard Fillmore succeeded to the presidency upon the death of Zachary Taylor.[24]
  12. ^ When he ran for reelection in 1864, Republican Abraham Lincoln formed a bipartisan electoral alliance with War Democrats by selecting Democrat Andrew Johnson as his running mate, and running on the National Union Party ticket.[28]
  13. ^ Andrew Johnson succeeded to the presidency upon the death of Abraham Lincoln.[29]
  14. ^ While president, Andrew Johnson tried and failed to build a party of loyalists under the National Union banner. Near the end of his presidency, Johnson rejoined the Democratic Party.[29]
  1. ^ LOC; whitehouse.gov.
  2. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections (2010), pp. 257–258.
  3. ^ LOC.
  4. ^ McDonald (2000).
  5. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections (2010), pp. 197, 272; Nardulli (1992), p. 179.
  6. ^ Pencak (2000).
  7. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections (2010), p. 274.
  8. ^ Peterson (2000).
  9. ^ Banning (2000).
  10. ^ a b Neale (2004), p. 22.
  11. ^ Ammon (2000).
  12. ^ Hargreaves (2000).
  13. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections (2010), p. 228; Goldman (1951), p. 159.
  14. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections (2010), p. 892; Houpt (2010), pp. 26, 280.
  15. ^ Remini (2000).
  16. ^ Cole (2000).
  17. ^ Gutzman (2000).
  18. ^ Shade (2000).
  19. ^ Abbott (2013), p. 23.
  20. ^ Cash (2018), pp. 34–36.
  21. ^ Rawley (2000).
  22. ^ Smith (2000).
  23. ^ Anbinder (2000).
  24. ^ Abbott (2005), p. 639.
  25. ^ Gara (2000).
  26. ^ Gienapp (2000).
  27. ^ McPherson (b) (2000).
  28. ^ McSeveney (1986), p. 139.
  29. ^ a b c Trefousse (2000).
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