User:Robbiemuffin/EnglishvSpanishTAM

see Lemma

Tense	Aspect		Modal
	Perfect	Progressive
LEMMA (nonpast) LEMMA-ed (past)	<span="float:left">have LEMMA-en (perfect)  <span="float:right;">be LEMMA-ing (progressive)		will LEMMA (future)

The difference between tense, modal, and aspect is that: tense changes the time in the phrase by inflection on the verb, modal adds an auxiliary to the verb to change the phrase (mnemonic: the presence of the auxiliary “changes the mode”), and the aspect uses both inflection and an auxiliary.

The way it breaks down is like this:

To DO

• Simple Tenses

1. I did (I /do +ed/) - past tense
2. I do - nonpast tense

• Other principle Tenses

1. I will do - future
2. I have done (I have /do +en/) - perfect
3. I am doing (I /be/ doing) - continuous

And from those you can construct any frame of reference in english. For example: <span="float:left">will have been LEMMA-ing (future perfect progressive) - is made from the modal + both aspects. (And of course the modal itself is really made from the nonpast so in a sense it is nonpast tense + modal + both aspects).

In spanish things appear a lot more complex (although in reality both english and spanish cover the same verb states through combination).

Tense	Aspect
	Perfect	Subjunctive	Imperative
LEMMA-N (past) LEMMA-N (present) LEMMA-N (future)	LEMMA-N (past perfect) LEMMA-N (perfect) LEMMA-N (future perfect)	LEMMA-N (past subjunctive) LEMMA-N (present subjunctive)	LEMMA-N (imperative)

Modal
Continuous
Infinitive	Perfect	Subjunctive
LEMMA-N (past continuous) LEMMA-N (present continuous) LEMMA-N (future continuous)	LEMMA-N (past perfect continuous) LEMMA-N (perfect continuous) LEMMA-N (future perfect continuous)	LEMMA-N (past subjunctive continuous) LEMMA-N (present subjunctive continuous)