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Automated external defibrillator (AED)
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Automated external defibrillators are designed for use by untrained or briefly trained laypersons.[1] [2][3]AEDs contain technology for analysis heart rhythms. As a result, it does not require a trained health provider to determine whether or not a rhythm is shockable. By making these units publicly available, AEDs have improved outcomes for sudden out-of-hospital cardiac arrests. [1] [2]
Trained health professionals have more limited use for AEDs than manual external defibrillators.[4] Recent studies show that AEDs does not improve outcome in patients with in-hospital cardiac arrests. [4][5] AEDs have set voltages and does not allow the operator to vary voltage according need. AEDs may also delay delivery of effective CPR. For diagnosis of rhythm, AEDs often require the stopping of chest compressions and rescue breathing. For these reasons, certain bodies, such as the European Resuscitation Council, recommend using manual external defibrillators over AEDs if manual external defibrillators are readily available. [5]
As early defibrillation can significantly improve VF outcomes, AEDs have become publicly available in many easily accessible areas. [5][4] AEDs have been incorporated into the algorithm for [basic life support] (BLS). They can be found in many workplaces of many BLS-trained professionals, such as ambulances.
AEDs can be fully automated or semi-automated. A semi-automated AED automatically diagnoses heart rhythms and determines if a shock is necessary. If a shock is advised, the user must then push a button to administer the shock. A fully automated AED automatically diagnoses the heart rhythm and advises the user to stand back while the shock is automatically given. Some types of AEDs come with advanced features, such as a manual override or an ECG display.
- ^ a b Powell, Judy; Van Ottingham, Lois; Schron, Eleanor (2016-12-01). "Public defibrillation: increased survival from a structured response system". The Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. 19 (6): 384–389. ISSN 0889-4655. PMID 15529059.
- ^ a b Investigators, The Public Access Defibrillation Trial (2004-08-12). "Public-Access Defibrillation and Survival after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest". New England Journal of Medicine. 351 (7): 637–646. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa040566. ISSN 0028-4793. PMID 15306665.
- ^ Yeung, Joyce; Okamoto, Deems; Soar, Jasmeet; Perkins, Gavin D. (2011-06-01). "AED training and its impact on skill acquisition, retention and performance--a systematic review of alternative training methods". Resuscitation. 82 (6): 657–664. doi:10.1016/j.resuscitation.2011.02.035. ISSN 1873-1570. PMID 21458137.
- ^ a b c Chan, Paul S.; Krumholz, Harlan M.; Spertus, John A.; Jones, Philip G.; Cram, Peter; Berg, Robert A.; Peberdy, Mary Ann; Nadkarni, Vinay; Mancini, Mary E. (2010-11-17). "Automated external defibrillators and survival after in-hospital cardiac arrest". JAMA. 304 (19): 2129–2136. doi:10.1001/jama.2010.1576. ISSN 1538-3598. PMC 3587791. PMID 21078809.
- ^ a b c Perkins, GD; Handley, AJ; Koster, RW; Castren, M; Smyth, T; Monsieurs, KG; Raffay, V; Grasner, JT; Wenzel, V; Ristagno, G; Soar, J (2015). "European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2015 Section 2. Adult basic life support and automated external defibrillation" (PDF). Resuscitation. 95: 81-99.