User:Radzy0/Kalga (title)
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Kalga (Ukrainian: Калга Russian: Калга Crimean Tatar: qalğa, قالغا Arabic: كالغا Turkish: kalgay Georgian: კალგა) was the highest ranked official after the khan in the hierarchy of the Crimean Khanate.
The title of kalga was introduced in 1486 by Meñli_I_Giray for his son Mehmed Geray in order to establish a firm order of succession to the throne. Prior to that, power in the Golden Horde was inherited by a senior member of the khan's family, which led to endless strife.
The kalga appointed a successor to the Crimean khan or a trustee of the khan's family. In the event of the death of Khan, the kalga ruled the country until the appointment of a new monarch. He was also the commander in chief of the army if the khan did not go to war personally. The kalga had a residence in Simferopol, known as Ak-Mosque at the time, and ruled the city of Bilohirsk, known as Karasubazar at the time, and its environs.
See also
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- VV Panashenko . Kalga, kalga-sultan // Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Енциклопедія історії України) : in 10 volumes / editor: VA Smoliy (chairman) and others. ; Institute of History of Ukraine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine . - K . : Наукова думка , 2007. - Т. 4: Ка - Ком. - P. 29. - 528 p. : il. - ISBN 978-966-00-0692-8 . (In Ukrainian)
- Bushakov V. On the origin of the title of Kalga in the Crimean Khanate (Ukrainian: О происхождении титула калга в Крымском ханстве) // Vatan. - 1991. - № 3. - 14-18. (In Ukrainian)
- Buszakow WA On the origin of the title of kalag in Chanakie Krymsky // Rocznik muzułmański. - Warzawa. - 1994. - R. 3. - T. 2. - S. 85-88. (In Polish)