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Dr.P.S.Kannan - Founder of the Power Division Theorem

Dr.P.S.Kannan obtained BE degree in electrical and electronics engineering (EEE), M.Sc (Engg.) in Power Systems and Ph.D in Power System optimization from Madurai Kamaraj University, Tamil Nadu, India during the years 1976,1979 1996 respectively. He worked 32 years in Thiagarajar college of Engineering, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India as Professor, head of EEE Department and Dean Student affairs. First Principal of Vaigai Engineering college at Madurai and served as Professor Emeritus in Kings Engineering College near Thanjavur . He guided PG students & research scholars more than 25 years and produced 12 Ph.D. Served as Chief investigator in the project of Defence Research Development Laboratory, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India . Published 35 papers in National/ International Journals and 55 in National/International conferences. Got Indian and German patents (2021 & 2022) for DC microgrid application in utilizing solar energy. Received more than 6 best research paper awards given by the Institution Of Engineers of India. Acted as member in academic councils and research committees of various Universities. Served as examiner and reviewer for research papers/ Ph.D Thesis. Power system optimization/control is his field of interest.

Dr.P.S.Kannan
Born Tamil Nadu
Nationality Indian
Fields Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Institutions Thiagarajar College of Engineering
Invention Power Division Theorem

Power Division Theorem

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The Power Division Theorem(PDT) presents an expression derived by applying the fundamental basic Kirchhoff's Current Law(KCL) for the calculation of sharing of power by each source on each load at a Node or in an electrical network.[1]

PDT is a fundamental theorem which states that if L is the particular load power, I is the particular source current and IT is the total source currents entering at a Node or in to a network, then the share of the source on the load = L x I/IT[2]

Accurately determining the contribution of individual sharing of power generators on each system loads and network losses has been a longstanding challenge in power systems engineering. This work addresses the issue by introducing the Power Division Theorem (PDT), a novel approach based on Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL). This theorem provides a precise method for estimating complex power sharing among generators, enabling a solution for fair and transparent allocation of costs in deregulated electricity markets.[3]

The theorem calculates the power supplied by each generator to each load in proportion to the generator’s current contribution. It considers both active and reactive power simultaneously in finding the contributions. Unlike existing methods, such as proportional sharing principles and graph-theory-based approaches[4][5], this theorem delivers precise results by incorporating actual network conditions, including losses[6][7].[8]

Through mathematical proof and practical validations, the theorem demonstrates its applicability to nodes, networks, and sub-networks. It has been successfully applied to examples, including a standard IEEE 5-bus system, where results were presented as a complex power distribution matrix. This matrix accurately illustrates the contributions of individual sharing of generators on specific loads and validates the overall power balance, confirming its reliability and precision[9].[10]

The theorem significantly simplifies power tracing in networks, offering a faster and more accurate approach compared to traditional methods[11]. Its potential extends beyond practical applications in cost allocation and tariff determination; it also holds academic value[12]. The Power Division Theorem can be included in educational curricula which is already included in few Universities - Annamalai University - EEE BE 4Year Degree program - Syllabus[13]. Since the PDT is standing alongside foundational concepts like the maximum power transfer theorem, it must be included in the basic circuit theory of the worldwide universities . In the application point of view, the power sources are not being operated at maximum power transfer, however, the theorem is included in the curricula. PDT will enable more applications.

By addressing the gaps in existing methodologies, this research establishes a robust framework for power sharing methods, paving the way for equitable energy distribution and cost transparency in modern power systems. Power Transmission becomes a special business world over and it provides wheeling charges to the Independent Power Producers (IPPs) and others utilities[14]. They are the user of transmission services which needs to determine the contribution of generators and the cost.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

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The author thanks the Management, Principal and Staff of EEE, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai for providing research facilities.

  1. ^ "Establishment of Power Division Theorem". International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing, October 2018.
  2. ^ "Establishment of Power Division Theorem". International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing, October 2018.
  3. ^ "Establishment of Power Division Theorem". International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing, October 2018.
  4. ^ "Tracing the flow of electricity" (PDF). IEEE.
  5. ^ "Power transfer allocation for open access using graph theory—Fundamentals and applications in systems without loopflow". Research Gate.
  6. ^ "Determination of Generator Participation in Loads and Lines using Extended Incidence Matrix method". IJETT.
  7. ^ "Power Tracing And Loss Allocation In A Power System By Using Bialek's Algorithm" (PDF). IJETT.
  8. ^ "Establishment of Power Division Theorem". IJESC.
  9. ^ "Optimization approach to real power tracing: an application to transmission fixed cost allocation". IEEE.
  10. ^ "Establishment of Power Division Theorem". International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing, October 2018.
  11. ^ "Tracing active and reactive power between generators and loads using real and imaginary currents". IEEE.
  12. ^ "Power Flow Tracing Based Congestion Management Using Differential Evolution in Deregulated Electricity Market" (PDF). International Journal on Electrical Engineering and Informatics.
  13. ^ "B. E. (Four - Year) Degree Programme (FULL - TIME) Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) REGULATIONS 2022" (PDF). ANNAMALAI UNIVERSITY.
  14. ^ "Modified Method of Computing Generator Participation Factors by Electricity Tracing with Consideration of Load Flow Changes". Research Gate.