User:Pldx1/Crown Prince Sado - Lady Hyegyeong
| Pldx1/Crown Prince Sado - Lady Hyegyeong | |
| Hangul | 장조 |
|---|---|
| Hanja | 莊祖 |
| Revised Romanization | Jangjo |
| McCune–Reischauer | Changjo |
| Birth name | |
| Hangul | 사도 |
| Hanja | 思悼 |
| Revised Romanization | Sado |
| McCune–Reischauer | Sado |
Lady Hyegyeong and Crown Prince Sado are buried in the same grave for eternity[1]. Moreover, their lives were so intricated that it wouldn't make sense to maintain two different pages concerning each of them.
Crown Prince Sado (1735–1762) was the second son of King Yeongjo, the 21th ruler of the Joseon Kingdom. At age 38, he was sentenced by his father to be sealed alive in a rice chest and died after an eight days agony. Nevertheless, his son Yi San kept his status as Royal Prince Successor, 왕세손 and became King Jeongjo, the 22th king, at the death of is grandfather King Yeongjo (1776).
Lady Hyegyeong (1735–1815) is mostly known for her Memoirs·한중록 (Records written in silence). These records, written from 1795 to 1805 with a brush as sharp as a blade, are a masterpiece of the worldwide literature. Moreover, being written in Sejong's hangul, they are a corner stone of the modern Korean litterature.
Nowadays, the twisted curse of fate of Prince Sado and Lady Hyegyeong has been the subject of many books and movies.
Life
[edit]The sole and unique son
[edit]Despite numerous attempts, King Yeongjo only generated one son that lived beyond infancy. The first wife of Yeongjo, Queen consort Jeongseong Seossi·정성왕후 서씨, remained childless until her death, in 1757 (Yeongjo was 64). Three children were given by Consort Jeong Yissi.정빈 이씨, two daughters and a son Prince Hyojang, born in 1719 (Yeongjo was 26) and dead at age 10. Four children were given by Consort Yeong Yissi·영빈 이씨, three daughters and a son, who became Crown Prince Sado. Three additional daughters were given by other concubines, while Queen consort Jeongsun Kimssi·정순왕후 김씨, married in 1759, also remained childless. Therefore this unique living son was of paramount importance for the Dynasty and he received the Crown Prince status quite from his birth (1765, Yeongjo was 42) as Prince Jangheon (장헌세자, Jangheon Seja).
The daughter of an influent familly
[edit]Mostly known in the West as Lady Hyegyeong, the Crown Princess Hongsi 혜경궁 홍씨 is born the 6 August 1735, in the Pusang Hong clan. Her father, Hong Bonghan (1713-1778), was an influent leader of the Noron Party, and even became Chief State Councillor during the Yeongjo reign: 1761-09-27 ~ 1762-05-02; 1761.9.27 ~ 1762.윤5.2 ; 1763-05-26 ~ 1766-09-12 for a total duration of five years.
death: - 13 January 1816.
Marriage and children
[edit]In 1743, Hyegeong was selected to be married with Sado. Each of them was 8-year-old. In 1749, when they were 14, it was decided that they should begin full-married life. The next year, a first child was born, prince Uiso, who died 2 years later. Their other siblings were
from Lady Hyegyeong
- Yi San, 1752-1800, the Grand Heir, to become King Jeongjo
- Princess Cheongyeon 청연공주 (1754-?)[4]
- Princess Cheongseon 청선공주 (1756–1802).
from Consort Suk (숙빈 임씨) were
- Yi In, Prince Euneon (29 May 1754 - 30 June 1801) (이인 은언군), to become the grandfather of Cheoljong, the 25th King (철종)
- Yi Jin, Prince Eunshin (11 January 1755 - 29 March 1771) (이진 은신군), to become the posthumous step-father of Prince Namyeon and, therefore, ancestor of Gojong
From Consort Gyeong (경빈 박씨) were
- Prince Eunjeon (은전군, 1759–1778)
- Princess Cheonggeun (청근옹주, 1758-1792).
- Princess Consort Hyegyeong of the Pungsan Hong clan (6 August 1735 - 13 January 1816) (혜경궁 홍씨)
Others
[edit]In 1752, he was infected by a measles epidemic and recover while one of his sisters died. Mun sukhui, gave two daughters to King, and brother Mun Söng-guk begins cheating.
Sado Ou Prince JangHeon(사도세자 or 장헌세자,Prince
However, it had been reported to his father that he was mentally ill, want only killed people, and was very erratic. This was a disappointment to his father, and with the consent of Lady Yi,
In the 19th century there were rumors that Prince Sado had not been mentally ill, but had been framed; however, these rumors are contradicted by the memoirs[5] (한중록) of Prince Sado's wife, Queen Heongyeong (also known as Lady Hyegyeong). It is still disputable up to now if his death was a retribution for his actual misconduct or he was just victimized by the conspiracy of his political opponents.[who?][citation needed]
Common tomb
[edit]Crown Prince Sado was buried on Mount Baebong, 배봉산 in Yangju. In 1789, his body was moved by his son King Jeongjo to its current location, then called Hyeollyungwon. Situated 37°12′42″N 126°59′38″E, this place is 6km SW from Suwon, 14km E from Hwaseong City, and 40km S from Seoul. During 1794-1796, Hwaseong Fortress was built in Suwon and dedicated to honor this tomb[6]. In 1816, Lady Hyegyeong died and was buried with his husband. In 1899, Prince Sado and Lady Hyegyeong were posthumously elevated in status by Korean Emperor Gojong and given the titles Emperor Yangjo and Empress Heonyeong. Their tomb was upgraded accordingly and renamed Yungneung[7].
His full posthumous name
[edit]- Prince Successor Sado Sudeok Dongyeong Hongin Gyeongji Jangryun Ryungbeom Kimyeong Changhyu Jangheon
- 사도수덕돈경홍인경지장륜륭범기명창휴장헌세자
- 思悼綏德敦慶弘仁景祉章倫隆範基命彰休莊獻世子
Posthumous Imperial Upgrade of status
[edit]In 1899 both of them were upgraded to the imperial status by emperor Gojong of Korea. Lady Hyegyegong was dignified as Queen Heongyeong 헌경왕후, and Crown Prince Sado was dignified as Emperor Jangjo (장조의황제, 莊祖懿皇帝).
Ancestry
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References
[edit]- ^ "Royal Tombs, YUNGNEUNGㆍGEOLLEUNG". Culturage Heritage, Administration, South Korea. Retrieved 28 July 2011.
- ^ Daughter of Yi Yoo Beon (이유번) and Madame Gim
- ^ Also known as Lady Seonhui
- ^ MLH, p41
- ^ Lady Hyegyeong wrote an autobiography The Memoirs of Lady Hyegyeong (한중록, 閑中錄), detailing her life as the ill-fated Crown Princess of Korea.
- ^ "Wikipedia:Hwaseong Fortress". Retrieved 28 July 2011.
- ^ "Wikipedia:Yungneung and Geolleung". Retrieved 28 July 2011.
External links
[edit]
cCategory:Joseon Dynasty people
cCategory:Heirs apparent who never acceded
cCategory:18th-century Korean people
cCategory:1735 births
cCategory:1762 deaths
cCategory:House of Yi