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Pachisi WORK-IN-PROGRESS

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Cowries Table

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7 cowries with 5 mouths up. Under rule "A", this throw gives the player 1 move of 25 squares, 1 grace, and the privilege to throw again.
Diagram of 1 arm of a Pachisi board (cells numbered after Falkener).
Mouths Up
# 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Notes
A 7 6+ 10+ 2 3 4 25G+ 30G+ 12+ "usual" schedule for 7 cowries, according to Murray
B 7 7+ 10[+?] 2 3 4 25+ 30+ 14+
C 6 25G+ 10G+ 2 3 4 5 6G+ - (Bell:I.9)
D 6 0 1G 2 3 4 5G 6G - Pancha Keliya (Bell:II.2)
E 6 [10-20]G 1G 2 3 4 1G [10-20]G - Awa(ng)du (Murray:4.10.6)
F 6 6 10G 2 3 4 25G 12 -
G 6 6+ 10+ 2 3 4 25G+ 12G+ - "usual" schedule for 6 cowries according to Murray
H 6 25G+ 10G+ 2 3 4 5 6+ -
I 6 6 10G 2 3 4 25G 12 -
J 6 6 10G+ 2 3 4 25G+ 12+ -
K 6 [0] 1G+ 2 3 4 5G+ 6G+ - Pancha, panche (Murray:6.5.1)

Rules Table

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The following table summarizes Pachisi variants. Only games with relatively complete descriptions, and that are played on a standard Pachisi board (comprising 4 arms of 3×8 cells) are included. Where possible, Murray’s descriptions have been checked against his sources, and where necessary modified. When Murray’s source has been consulted, its [brackets] are removed, and when the description has been altered based on this source, Murray has been bracketed.

# Name Region Players/ Pieces each Lots Castles (Function) Placement and Entry Other Notes
1 Chaupur (Sanskrit: Chatush-pada, “four square”) [1] India 2×2/4 2×(1-3-6-4) 5, 6, 12, 15, 69, 72 (No capture) 6, 7, 12, 13
2 Pahada keliya (“race game”) [2] Ceylon 2/8?, 2×2/4, 4×2/2 2×(1-3-6-4) 8, 9, 12, 72, 75 (None) 6, 7 ,12 ,12 Pieces may be yoked, and are then immune from capture.
3 Chausar [3] India 2/8, 2×2/4. BY vs. RG 3×(1-2-6-5) 12, 72 (None) When doublets are cast, both yoked pieces may move the value of the doublet. Blue must be borne off before Yellow and Red must be borne off before Green. When one color’s pieces are borne off, the player continues to throw; his partner uses these throws.
4 Tāyām sōnālu [4] Tamils, India 2/8, 2×2/4 (0-1-2-4) & (0-1-3-4). (0+1 “tāyām”) (0+4) (4+4 “sō-nāl”) are graces, and give second throw. None In hand. First entered only on tāyām; subsequent entries to square 1 on any grace. If paired pieces are ousted together, they are re-entered together. No piece may pass over an enemy piece.
5 Chauput [5] India 2/8, 2×2/4 Cowries; values not given (but no 10, 25, or graces). None In-hand, 6, 7, 12; or 6, 7, 22, 24; or 6, 6, 7, 7; or 6, 7, 72, 74. If paired pieces are ousted together, they are re-entered together. No piece may pass over an enemy piece. If a throw can be played, it must be.
6 Pachisi [6] India 2/8, 2×2/4 A, G, H 8, 12, 72; or 8, 13, 71 (No capture) In hand. First on any throw; subsequent on grace. Pieces may be paired; they can be ousted only by an equal or larger set. If a player ousts an opponent he throws again. Exact throws are required to bear off. Any player may pass, or throw then refuse to move for that turn.
7 Sokkattan; Pachis [7] Tamils, India; Ceylon 2/6, 3/4, 2×2/3 F, I 2, 4, 12, 72 (No capture) In hand. Enter square 1 on grace. If a player ousts an opponent he throws again. If a player throws (10 or 25) thrice in a row, the entire accumulated value is canceled, but he gets another throw.
8 Pasit, chwe pyit-thi, ansah pyit-thi [8] Burma 4/4 J or 3×(1-2-6-5) 12, 72 (No capture) Players get 3 throws on first turn. If a player throws (10 or 25) thrice in a row, the entire accumulated value is canceled.
9 Pachih [9] Achehn, Sumatra 2/4, 3/4, 4/4 B 2, 11, 73 1,1,1,1 Pieces may only be yoked on castles; they can still be captured. A player may not throw more than 3 times per turn; all throws are made first; then moves are made.
10 Barjis; Parchis [10] Arabs of Palestine; Spain 4/4 F 11, 73 (No capture) In hand. Enter square 1 on grace. Pieces may be yoked, and are then immune from capture.


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Should these all be merged into Pachisi?

  • Chopat (or "Chaupat")
  • Chaupar
  • Chausar (Falkener)
  • Chauput (Falkener)
  • Chaupur (Murray)
  • Choupa, Chaunsarh (Humphries)

Notes

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  1. ^ Murray 6.4.1 [Hyde, 68]
  2. ^ Murray 6.4.2 [Parker, 611]
  3. ^ Murray 6.4.3 [Culin, 855] [Falkener, 264]
  4. ^ Murray 6.4.4 [Parker, 617]
  5. ^ Murray 6.4.5 [Falkener, 263]
  6. ^ Murray 6.4.6 [Herklots, app. viii] [Falkener, 257] [Culin, 851] [Parker, 619]
  7. ^ Murray 6.4.7 [Parker, 619]
  8. ^ Murray 6.4.8 [Shway Yoe, ii. 83; MVB]
  9. ^ Murray 6.4.9 [Snouck Hurgronje, ii. 201]
  10. ^ Murray 6.4.12 [Hilmi Samara]

References

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  • Murray, HJR (1951), A History of Board-Games Other Than Chess (rpt. Oxford: Oxbow Books, 2002 ed.), Oxford: Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-827401-7
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