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Quantum Memories with Vapor Atoms

Quantum memories with atom-like systems is the process of adding and retrieving quantum information using the principles of quantum mechanics. There are many ways in which the storage of quantum information can be achieved, but most of them rely on the. light itself carries information, and this information is often contained in its quantum state. And when light interacts with matter, and under appropriate manipulations, the storage or transferred of the quantum state of light to the atom can be achieved.

what exactly makes atoms vapor unique?

quantum memory with vapor atoms has different applications, including the development of quantum repeaters, which are devices used to store information for a short time before it is sent somewhere else, or in quantum computing.

Some major challenges in quantum memories is to improve the efficiency of information stored, and the storage time.

Theoretical description

Some of the basic principles under which quantum memories are based on, are in the concept of interference, coherence, and Electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT). Also, quantum memory is often described based on atoms that have three energy levels, such as $|1\rangle$ , $|2\rangle$ , and $|3\rangle$ , where $|1\rangle$ is the ground state, $|3\rangle$ is the excited state, and $|2\rangle$ is a meta-stable state. In the context of EIT, and in the precesses of two laser frequencies a dark state of the system is generally defined as

$|D\rangle ={\frac {|1\rangle +|2\rangle }{\sqrt {\Omega _{p}^{2}+\Omega _{c}^{2}}}}$

The main theoretical description of quantum memory in atomic vapors is using Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT). One of the most important aspects of quantum memory is the storage time. This storage time is related to how long a quantum state can remain in a superposition state.

The state of the photon gets coupled with that of the atom.

Experimental implementation

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References

Afzelius, M., N. Gisin, and H. de Riedmatten, 2015, “Quantum memory for photons,” Phys. Today 68, No. 12, 42–47.
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